2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) and nitrocellulose (NC) are commonly used energetic materials that have caused many thermal runaway reactions and explosions worldwide, and their thermal stabilities have always been an important issue. Based on the results of Roduit et al. (2013), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used in this study to investigate the thermal history’s influence on the thermal stabilities of EHN and NC at different heating rates. The decomposition kinetics of EHN and NC were determined by the Friedman isoconversional method. The kinetic parameters with heat balance were analysed and used for the simulation of the adiabatic behavior time to the maximum rate under adiabatic conditions (TMR ad ). The results indicated that the thermal history significantly influenced the dynamic DSC curves, decomposition kinetics and thermal stability of NC, which decomposes autocatalytically. The influence was negligible on EHN, whose decomposition proceeds according to the “ n th order” law.
The n -pentanol/diesel dual-fuel coupled with EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) technology could simultaneously reduce soot and nitrogen oxide (NO X ) emissions discharged from the compression ignition engine. However, under high EGR rates, the low cetane number of the n -pentanol/diesel dual fuel resulted to combustion deceleration behavior. Because the combustion rate has a significant influence on the thermal efficiency of the engine, it was necessary to add 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) as a cetane improver to fuel mixtures to ensure that the n -pentanol/diesel fuel has appropriate combustion characteristics. In this study, it was attempted to investigate the performance and emission of a four-cylinder, turbocharged diesel engine with EHN fueled with n -pentanol/diesel blends at varying EGR rates. The five tested fuels included pure diesel (P0), and a mixture of 50% n -pentanol and 50% diesel (P50). Moreover, EHN was added to P50 at ratios of 0.5, 1, and 2%. The results showed that P50 could reduce soot emission, nucleation and accumulation mode particles. However, the burning speed and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) were notably reduced, and emissions of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) significantly increased. With the EGR technology, NO X emission was significantly reduced. When EHN was added to P50, engine ignition delay was shortened, BTE increased, and HC and CO emissions were substantially reduced. The use EGR technology combined with n -pentanol and EHN simultaneously reduced soot and NO X emissions, and only slightly reduced BTE.
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