SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Junyao Wang,Guangze Gao,Huan Liu,Qi Hou,Jianxin Xu,Lixiang Li
Recently, wearable flexible electronic devices have become more widely used in detecting human physiological signals, so higher demands have been placed on flexible stretchable electrodes directly attached to the human body, which need to have better mechanical tensile properties , anti-fatigue properties, and chemical stability. In this paper, the four-segment hand structure is optimized to obtain the four-leaf hand structure, which reduces the maximum stress value when the electrode is stretched and decreases the probability of electrode fracture. Further, the structure of the electrode is optimized by changing the number of nodes, the six-leaf hand structure electrode is obtained. The six-leaf hand structure electrode has lower tensile stress and stability. The substrate-free six-leaf hand structure electrode prepared by the sacrificial layer method has a much higher stretchability than the electrode with a substrate layer due to the bonding of the substrate-free layer, and there is no significant change in the resistance value during the stretching process. The screen-printed waterproof-coated six-leaf hand structure electrode has good sweat resistance and can be used for ECG and EMG detection.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Saiyin Hou,Dong Lv,Yinghan Li,Zonglin Li,Mengmeng Liu,Xinhong Yu,Yanchun Han
Wearable dry electrodes are the foundation for the development of long-term, real-time biopotential monitoring devices. However, the physiological signals collected by common electrodes often accompany high noise and motion artifacts due to difficulties in conforming to skin deformations and poor contact between electrodes and skin. In contrast to them, PEDOT:PSS-based dry electrodes become a promising material with adjustable stretchability, conductivity, and adhesion properties to achieve high-quality signal delivery. Herein, we report a highly stretchable self-adhesive film prepared by the conductive polymers PEDOT:PSS, ethylene glycol (EG), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and d-sorbitol (SOR). In the blending system, SOR will disrupt the dense hydrogen bond interactions within PVA and PSS chains, while PEDOT:PSS/PVA physically cross-linked networks can dissipate strain energy, providing toughness to the films. In addition, the hydroxyl groups on the surface enable the film to be self-adhesive by forming hydrogen bonds with the N and O atoms of the skin stratum corneum. The blended electrode exhibits a conductivity of 200 S/cm and an elongation at break of 120%. Moreover, the electrical properties are still maintained after cyclic stretching (R/R0 ≈ 1.09). The maximum adhesion force of the film on glass and skin is 1.20 and 0.36 N/cm, respectively. The electrode has good biocompatibility, and its excellent stretchability and adhesiveness are conducive to comply with the skin deformation under different conditions. The contact impedance between dry electrodes and skin is only 77 kΩ cm2, which ensures the accurate monitoring of physiological signals including electromyogram (EMG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) during rest or exercise. The signal quality is significantly higher than that of standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. This highly stretchable self-adhesive dry electrode provides a feasible idea for the research of next-generation health monitoring devices.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·122568
·
IF 7.5
Lina Wu,Haoqi Fan,Zhengyi Shen,Yujia Lv
Under the leaching effect of rainwater, landfill sites will produce leachate containing high concentrations of harmful pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), which requires effective purification before discharge. Although electrochemical oxidation had been widely studied, its high energy consumption limited its application. For this purpose, this study developed a self-powered hybrid system that coupled Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 3 anode and a stainless-steel cathode with the triboelectric-electromagnetic generator (TENG-EMG), which achieved efficient electrocatalytic degradation of NH 4 + -N in landfill leachate without relying on external power sources. Through parameter optimization, the system achieved the optimal degradation rate constant of 0.289 min −1 under the conditions of a rotor speed of 90 r/min, NH 4 + -N concentration of 10 mg/L, pH 7, electrode spacing of 0.9 cm, and 0.1 M NaCl electrolyte. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the coupled system can effectively promote the generation of singlet oxygen (· 1 O 2 ), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and active chlorine radicals (·Cl/·ClO), thereby driving the degradation of NH 4 + -N. This synergistic strategy significantly enhances the efficiency of environmental energy harvesting and electrocatalysis, providing an innovative solution for self-powered treatment of landfill leachate.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yang Liu,Zixin Lin,Yuetao Zhang,Xinyu Zhang,Zhiqi Li,Rubing Xiong,Chunxiao Long,Jiaqi Huang,Can Liu,Ziwei Zheng,Dan Li,Yongchang Ouyang,Lei Mou
In view of the need for real-time, multimodal respiratory health monitoring, we present a wearable sensor platform (BreathFIT) that simultaneously measures lactate and electromyography (EMG) signals for assessment of diaphragm function. By virtue of integrating liquid metal-polydimethylsiloxane (LM-PDMS) flexible sticky conductors for EMG acquisition with a lactate screen-printed electrode (LSPE), the platform enables concurrent measurement of muscle electrical activity and metabolic byproducts (lactate) from the diaphragm. Data are captured and visualized in real time via custom software, enabling machine learning models (LSTM, DNN, SVM, Random Forest) to classify diaphragm activity patterns during rest, exercise, and sleep. Owing to its integrated design, the system exhibits stable electrochemical performance, exceptional mechanical compliance (300 % stretchability), excellent skin conformality (39 N cm −1 adhesion strength), and high accuracy in distinguishing diaphragm states. Consequently, all models demonstrate high classification accuracy, with Random Forest proving the most effective at capturing time-series features (accuracy = 92.19 %). The dual-modality platform uniquely integrates electrical and biochemical sensing with intelligent analysis. This configuration enables high spatiotemporal-resolution monitoring of respiratory muscle activity. Consequently, the system opens a new avenue for wearable multimodal health monitoring, providing significant potential for both clinical and at-home respiratory health management.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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可穿戴电子学
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呼吸医学
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生物传感器
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医疗健康中的机器学习
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柔性电子学
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电生理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Qiao Fan,Kai Zhang,Lanlan Wei,Yongji Gong,Shuhao Qin,Min He,Yufei Liu,Tingting Luo,Shigui Peng,Jie Yu
Flexible wearable devices have significant potential for diverse applications, prioritizing the development of portable, safe, and stable dry electrodes. This study focused on designing six poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (PSS) variants with controlled molecular weights (10k-70k), combined with a water-soluble soft polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), to enhance the electrical properties, mechanical strength, and long-term stability of the Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT): PSS polymer complex. We systematically examined morphological modifications, interactions, and conductive processes of PVA/PEDOT: PSS films, along with the mechanisms behind their improved stretchability and resistance stability. Results indicate that low molecular weight PSS provides the best mechanical flexibility due to stronger hydrogen bonding with PVA, enhancing elongation at break. However, insulating domains in PSS and PVA impede carrier transport, leading to a discontinuous charge hopping process along the PEDOT backbone, which decreases electrical conductivity. Conversely, high molecular weight PSS exhibits poor dispersion of rigid segments and conductive materials, resulting in decreased electrical and mechanical properties. Notably, with a molecular weight of 34k, the PVA/PEDOT: PSS film exhibits excellent electrical performance and mechanical flexibility, maintains good resistance stability after 1000 loading and unloading cycles at 30% strain, and demonstrates clear and stable electromyography (EMG) signals, indicating vast potential for EMG electrodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子科学
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生物医学工程
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柔性电子学
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可穿戴设备
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Shuaijian Yang,Chenqi Liu,Lixue Tang,Jin Shang,Junrui Zhang,Xingyu Jiang
For numerous biological and human-machine applications, it is critical to have a stable electrophysiological interface to obtain reliable signals. To achieve this, epidermal electrodes should possess conductivity, stretchability, and adhesiveness. However, limited types of materials can simultaneously satisfy these requirements to provide satisfying recording performance. Here, we present a dry electromyography (EMG) electrode based on conductive polymers and tea polyphenol (CPT), which offers adhesiveness (0.51 N/cm), stretchability (157%), and low impedance (14 kΩ cm2 at 100 Hz). The adhesiveness of the electrode is attributed to the interaction between catechol groups and hydroxyls in the polymer blend. This adhesive electrode ensures stable EMG recording even in the presence of vibrations and provides signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio (>25 dB) for over 72 h. By integrating the CPT electrode with a liquid metal strain sensor, we have developed a bimodal rehabilitation monitoring patch (BRMP) for sports injuries. The patch utilizes Kinesio Tape as a substrate, which serves to accelerate rehabilitation. It also tackles the challenge of recording with knee braces by fitting snugly between the brace and the skin, due to its thin and stretchable design. CPT electrodes not only enable BRMP to assist clinicians in formulating effective rehabilitation plans and offer patients a more comfortable rehabilitation experience, but also hold promise for future applications in biological and human-machine interface domains.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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人机接口
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康复工程
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Danyang Wang,Yuming Zhou,Xiaoting Wang,Xiaopu Ji,Yiying Wei,Shengdi Tong,Jinghui Hu,Haiqing Song,Zonglei Mou,Guofeng Zhang,Bo Cong,Wan Ru Sun,Pingyu Wang,Yuqiang Zhang,Shuyang Xie,Ranran Wang
Natural conductive hydrogels are regarded as desirable materials for motion monitoring owing to their outstanding biocompatibility and degradability. It has been reported that the occurrence rate of injuries in the final 30 % of the activity is closely associated with fatigue-induced changes in neuromuscular control. However, most hydrogels are designed solely for motion state and electromyography (EMG) detection and do not provide the capability to alleviate muscle fatigue. The development of conductive hydrogels that integrate motion monitoring with fatigue alleviation could enable simultaneous fatigue detection and on-demand fatigue relief, thereby reducing the risk of sports-related injuries. Photothermal therapy has been proven to be an effective method for relieving muscle fatigue. In this study, a double-network hydrogel composed of chitosan and sodium alginate was prepared, which incorporates lignin‑silver nanoparticles (NPs) and melanin NPs to achieve effective motion monitoring and photothermal therapy. A physical cross-linking network formed via electrostatic interactions between chitosan and sodium alginate was reinforced with a Genipin-mediated chemical cross-linking network. The addition of lignin‑silver NPs enhanced the hydrogel's conductivity and mechanical integrity, whereas melanin NPs improved adhesion and conferred photothermal responsiveness. The resulting hydrogel enabled reliable motion monitoring and real-time identification of exercise-induced fatigue through EMG. Upon fatigue detection, the photothermal properties of the hydrogel facilitated rapid fatigue alleviation.
研究领域:
生物材料
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生物医学工程
·
可穿戴传感器
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纳米医学
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运动医学
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高分子科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Small
·
2023
·Vol. 20
·期 19
·2308778
·
IF 13.3
Jiawen Yu,Rongtai Wan,Fajuan Tian,Jie Cao,Wen Wang,Qi Liu,Hanjun Yang,Jingcheng Liu,Ximei Liu,Tao Lin,Jingkun Xu,Baoyang Lu
Electrical bioadhesive interface (EBI), especially conducting polymer hydrogel (CPH)-based EBI, exhibits promising potential applications in various fields, including biomedical devices, neural interfaces, and wearable devices. However, current fabrication techniques of CPH-based EBI mostly focus on conventional methods such as direct casting, injection, and molding, which remains a lingering challenge for further pushing them toward customized practical bioelectronic applications and commercialization. Herein, 3D printable high-performance CPH-based EBI precursor inks are developed through composite engineering of PEDOT:PSS and adhesive ionic macromolecular dopants within tough hydrogel matrices (PVA). Such inks allow the facile fabrication of high-resolution and programmable patterned EBI through 3D printing. Upon successive freeze-thawing, the as-printed PEDOT:PSS-based EBI simultaneously exhibits high conductivity of 1.2 S m −1 , low interfacial impedance of 20 Ω, high stretchability of 349%, superior toughness of 109 kJ m −3 , and satisfactory adhesion to various materials. Enabled by these advantageous properties and excellent printability, the facile and continuous manufacturing of EBI-based skin electrodes is further demonstrated via 3D printing, and the fabricated electrodes display excellent ECG and EMG signal recording capability superior to commercial products. This work may provide a new avenue for rational design and fabrication of next-generation EBI for soft bioelectronics, further advancing seamless human-machine integration.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
软体机器人
·
神经科学
·
可穿戴技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Xiaoyu Ma,Xinming Shi,Yang Wang,Weijie Xiong,Caihua Xiong,Jinhao Yang,Lijun You,Shaoyun Wang
Conductive hydrogels with stretchability, breathability and long-term stability have attracted increasing attention for the applications in interactive wearable devices , artificial prosthetics, and intelligent robots. In this paper, a stretchable (up to 254 %), well breathable (vapor transmission up to 1.231×10 −2 g·cm −2 ·h −1 ), and stable conductive (1.21 S/m) hydrogel films (Gel/PPy/Ag) was prepared by gel-template immersion method using gelatin as gel networks, polypyrrole (PPy) and silver (Ag) as conductive reinforcing filler and Span 80 as emulsion template. The film could maintain flexibility and conductivity after stored in an environment of –20 °C or 25 °C for 20 days. The excellent frost resistance and water retention ensured the practical application of the porous organic hydrogel film with environmental adaptability and long-term stability. The strain sensor made from the Gel/PPy/Ag films presented excellent sensitivity (GF reached 2.034), good durability, fast response (0.34 s) and recovery ability (0.36 s). It monitored weak and vigorous human motions effectively and sensitively. The Gel/PPy/Ag flexible electrodes realized the real-time sensitive detection of human Electrocardiogram (ECG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals and precision sensing control of the manipulator arm. The Gel/PPy/Ag hydrogel and the prepared flexible electronic devices have broad application prospects in the field of health monitoring, motion monitoring, operation control and other soft electronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物材料
·
柔性电子
·
可穿戴技术
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）