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EOM
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS · 2026 · IF 5.4

Understanding membrane fouling control mechanisms of EOM by combined PACl/PMS using XDLVO-based interaction energy analysis

Weiwei Huang,Yuning Zhang,Quan Yuan,Hang Yang,Weiwei Lv,Wenzong Zhou

Understanding membrane fouling mechanisms, particularly the pretreatment-mediated fouling mitigation mechanism, is critical for controlling algal fouling. This study examined the fouling control mechanism of extracellular organic matter (EOM) by combined heat-activated potassium peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) treatment using extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO)-based interaction energy analysis. Results showed that combined PMS and PACl treatment effectively mitigated membrane fouling, with the fouling control performance being highly dependent on PACl dosage. PACl 5 mg/L under combined PMS treatment worsened membrane fouling, while PACl dosages 10 – 40 mg/L alleviated it, with the best performance achieved at 40 mg/L. XDLVO theory analysis revealed that PMS-PACl (10 – 40 mg/L) treatment enhanced repulsive membrane-foulant interactions and transformed membrane-foulants and foulants-foulants interactions from attractive to repulsive. Moreover, both membrane-foulant and foulant-foulant repulsive interactions increased with increasing PACl dosage. In contrast, although integrated PMS and PACl 5 mg/L weakened foulant-foulant attractive interaction than control EOM, serious membrane fouling was still observed, likely due to stronger attractive membrane-foulant interactions during the initial filtration stage. This research offers new mechanistic insights into fouling control and provides a theoretical basis for algal-laden water treatment. Download: Download high-res image (209KB) Download: Download full-size image

✓ 已验证 DOI 高影响因子
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE · 2022 · IF 10.53

Membrane fouling behavior and its control in a vibration membrane filtration system related to EOM secreted by microalgae

Shuhong Jiang,Huaqiang Chu,Jingjing Sun,Wei Zhang,Mingchao Yang,Yongsheng Chen,Xuefei Zhou,Yalei Zhang

The mechanism of the effects of extracellular organic matter (EOM) on membrane fouling in a vibration membrane system remains unclear, which partially impedes the membrane efficiency enhancement in the process of microalgae harvesting. This work conducted a systematic study on the fouling effects of two typical foulants in EOM, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA) at different vibration frequencies. The results of water flux behavior revealed that vibration could effectively alleviate membrane fouling under shear action, and the water flux reached a peak when the BSA/SA was 3:1. By analyzing the bulk and permeate solution and characterizing the fouled membrane surface, it was proved that there was a strong interaction between the BSA/SA mixture and the PES membrane. Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic forces analysis results suggested that the BSA/SA of 3:1 exhibited superior membrane antifouling performance and vibration could effectively mitigate membrane fouling. Further, the relationship between the BSA/SA mixture and the PES membrane was confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation from a microscopic point of view. The results revealed the reason why the BSA/SA mixture generated membrane fouling in the membrane system. Moreover, the MD simulation strongly proved that when the BSA/SA was 3:1, the membrane fouling was the lowest and the water flux was the highest. Overall, regulating the concentration ratio of the main substances in the EOM and optimizing the feeding conditions, should be a feasible method for controlling membrane fouling to break through the technical bottleneck of microalgae harvesting technology.

CAS / MDL: 9005-38-3
研究领域: 环境科学 · 生物技术
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Journal of Water Process Engineering · 2024 · IF 6.3

The photodegradation of carbamazepine and theophylline in the presence of EOM: The effect of growth period and molecular weight

Jiao Liu,Fan Yang,Yanjie Xie,Meijie Ren

This study confirmed the discrepancy of growth period and molecular weight (MW) of extracellular organic matter (EOM) on the photodegradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) and theophylline (TF). Comparing to high MW EOM (100 kDa), low MW components (<100 kDa) acted as stronger competitors to photons and free radicals, which restrained the photodegradation of CBZ and TF. 3 EOM* played an important role in the degradation of CBZ and TF. Lignin was considered as a new precursor of 3 EOM*, which was highly depended on the MW of EOM. The high MW 3 EOM* was derived from the CHON compound, while the low MW 3 EOM* was derived from the CHONS compound. The results demonstrated that the discrepancy of EOM properties in algae growth period might play a non-negligible influence in the migration and transformation of CECs in the true natural water system.

CAS / MDL: 527-60-6
研究领域: 环境科学 · 药理学
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Journal of Water Process Engineering · 2026 · IF 6.7

Bio-inspired flocculation strategy for sustainable microplastic removal by co-precipitation synergy between extracellular organic matter (EOM) and Fe (III)

Sufang Zhao,Xuezhe Wen,Renju Liu,Bin Zhi,Xingyi Ma,Zongze Shao

Coagulation has proven effective in removing microplastics (MPs) from water, yet existing studies indicate that using coagulants alone often yields unsatisfactory results. Therefore, developing sustainable flocculation technologies is crucial for efficient microplastic removal. In this study, microbial flocculants originated from algal extracellular organic matter (EOM) were used to enhance the effectiveness of the traditional flocculant ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) for MP removal in marinr water. The PS flocculation efficiency of Fe (III)–EOM treatment achieved 90 %, which is 5 to 10 times higher than that of FeCl 3 treatment. Zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that EOM significantly enhanced flocculation by facilitating charge neutralization and agglomeration adsorption. Additionally, reductions in total organic carbon (TOC), protein, total sugars and Fe concentration after flocculation in the Fe (III)–EOM system confirmed effective binding and co–precipitation of organic compounds in EOM with Fe (III). At 1 mmol/L Fe (III), the removal efficiency of TOC, total sugars, and proteins in the K1–EOM/S1–EOM systems reached 39 %/21 %, 47 %/40 %, and 10 %/18.7, respectively. Notably, the Fe (III)–EOM system significantly reduced residual iron levels to below 1 mg/L, which is significantly lower than that using FeCl 3 alone (29.1 mg/L). Therefore, the Fe (III)–EOM flocculation system demonstrates a high flocculation efficiency with low iron residue, providing a promising and sustainable solution for MP removal in water treatment.

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CHEMOSPHERE · 2020 · IF 5.778

Influence of eugenol on algal growth, cell physiology of cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and its interaction with signaling molecules

Pengcheng Zhao,Shihu Liu,Wei Huang,Lei He,Jiao Li,Jiong Zhou,Jian Zhou

Essential oils (EOs) are naturally occurring substances that have shown great prospect in the field of antimicrobial, antioxidant and pest control by nontoxic mechanisms. In this regard, EOs are considered the promising and eco-friendly approach for controlling harmful algae. In this study, the anti-cyanobacterial activity of EOs eugenol against Microcystis aeruginosa are evaluated from the perspective of photosynthetic efficiency, the behavior of extracellular organic matter (EOM), endogenous plant hormone synthesis, and nitric oxide signaling pathway. Results showed that the photosynthetic activity of M. aeruginosa decreased significantly after eugenol treatments. Eugenol treatment resulted in cells rupture and the release of EOM. Levels of endogenous plant hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were enhanced separately by 2.32 and 2.01 times after 4 d of exposure to eugenol. And the inhibition of SA and JA biosynthesis further promotes the inhibitory effects of eugenol on algae. Additionally, the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) increased significantly by 3.78-fold. Furthermore, the influence of NO on microalgae exposed to eugenol was also determined, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of eugenol stress might be associated with NO generation in M. aeruginosa . These findings will be helpful for the understanding of the fate and potential of eugenol in harmful algae control.

研究领域: 环境科学 · 微生物学 · 植物生理学 · 生态毒理学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH · 2020 · IF 5.715

The behaviors of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins during the Fe2+/persulfate (PS) preoxidation-coagulation and flocs storage period

Qi Song,Xiaojun Niu,Dongqing Zhang,Xiaofei Song,Yankun Li,Jinling Ma,Senchao Lai,Zhiquan Yang,Shaoqi Zhou

The frequent occurrence of toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms driven by anthropogenic eutrophication has become a major threat to aquaculture ecosystems worldwide. In this study, the behavior of M. aeruginosa cells during flocs storage period of 6 days was first investigated after pre-oxidation and coagulation of Fe 2+ /PS. Fe 2+ /PS achieved a superior removal efficiency of 90.7% for OD 680 and 90.4% for chl-a. The contents of extracellular MCs in the pre-oxidation and coagulation system were significantly ( P  < 0.05) lower than those in the control. A significant ( P  < 0.05) difference in intracellular protein between the control and the coagulated systems was observed. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) was employed to investigate the variations in extracellular organic matter (EOM) during flocs storage. The results indicated the presence of four peaks, representing protein-like substances, intermediate dissolved microbial metabolites, fulvic and humic-like compounds in the Fe 2+ /PS process. And the intensities of four peaks were all decreased in the Fe 2+ /PS system compared to those in the control. A low level of accumulated residual Fe of 0.28 mg/L was observed without posing potential environmental risk. The results showed that the M. aeruginosa cells were under stressful conditions after 3-d storage due to the decomposition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) and the insufficient supply of nutrients. However, SEM results indicated that no significant alteration in cell morphology was observed. Therefore, with high removal of M. aeruginosa , low MCs concentrations, and trivial cell damage, the Fe 2+ /PS preoxidation-coagulation was proved to be an environmental-friendly method for cyanobacteria removal without yielding serious secondary pollution. This work will contribute to better understanding and managing the cyanobacteria-laden aquaculture water after pre-oxidation and coagulation.

CAS / MDL: 7782-63-0 7757-82-6
研究领域: 环境科学 · 水产养殖 · 水处理 · 微生物学 · 毒理学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT · 2021 · IF 7.963

A novel co-graft tannin-based flocculant for the mitigation of harmful algal blooms (HABs): The effect of charge density and molecular weight

Zijun Yang,Jun Hou,Miao Wu,Lingzhan Miao,Jun Wu,Yiping Li

In this study, for the first time, we developed a series of co-graft tannin-based flocculants , TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC), with different charge densities (CDs) and molecular weights (MWs) and evaluated their algal-removal performances. The effects of TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) on the cell integrity of Microcystis aeruginosa and release of extracellular organic matter (EOM) and microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) in flocculation and floc storage were also studied. Results suggested that TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) could not only efficiently remove algal cells over a wide pH range (pH 3–11) but also EOM. CD and MW significantly affected flocculation performance and floc characteristics of TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC). A higher CD helped achieve a higher removal efficiency of algal cells and EOM, whereas a higher MW resulted in the formation of larger and more compact flocs. Furthermore, the larger and denser flocs could better protect algal cells and reduce the release of EOM during floc storage. Notably, algal cells in the TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) flocs did not appear to show signs of massive rupture nor did they release EOM and MC-LR extensively for at least 20 days of storage. The abundance and easy availability of tannin resources effectively reduce the cost of preparing tannin-based flocculants. Therefore, TA-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) can have broad application prospects in the management of cyanobacteria bloom.

研究领域: 环境科学 · 水处理 · 藻华管理 · 聚合物化学
✓ 已验证 产品关联 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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