MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 23
·5522
·
IF 4.2
Gen Liu,Faxin Du,Zhangjun Yao,Guangzhao Li,Wen Kuang,Chongyu Zhu,Yi Liu,Honglin Chen,Fumei Wang,Ce Zhou,Xueli Wei,Wenyan Wang,Rui Han
Integrating rubber with superior low-temperature capabilities, such as ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), is a strategic approach to bolster the low-temperature performance of fluoroelastomer (FKM). However, FKM and EPDM are thermodynamically incompatible. This work synthetized three EPDM-based polar macromolecular compatibilizers, epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-EP), 2,2-trifluoroethylamine-grafted epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-TF), and 2,4-difluorobenzylamine-grafted epoxidized EPDM (EPDM-DF), to enhance the compatibility between FKM and EPDM. These compatibilizers were subsequently incorporated into FKM/EPDM rubber blends. The results revealed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of FKM/EPDM decreased by 1.3 °C, 2.68 °C, and 2.78 °C, respectively, upon the addition of 10 phr of EPDM-EP, EPDM-TF, or EPDM-DF. Moreover, the Tgof the two phases converged. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength of the FKM/EPDM rubber blends were also enhanced by the inclusion of these compatibilizers. Notably, EPDM-TF and EPDM-DF exhibited remarkable compatibilization effects due to an increase in polarity. This research not only sheds light on the potential for developing new compatibilizers but also paves the way for innovative applications of FKM and its derivatives.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Chunyang Li,Duo Ji,Yuxin Wan,Xu Yang,Manzhi Shao,Hong Zhao,Jiansheng Sun
Surface discharge on the EPDM/XLPE interface is threatening the safe operation of power cable system and limiting the further improvement of its voltage level. To improve the electrical strength of EPDM/XLPE interface, the surface of EPDM was modified by grafting of voltage stabilizer 4-allyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone (AOHBP) based on liquid-phase impregnation and subsequent free radical grafting reaction thermally initiated by DCP. EPDM samples were modified by mixed reagents of DCP and AOHBP with different mass ratios of 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4, respectively. The SEM observation and XRD analysis results indicate that the crystals of AOHBP with a uniform distribution are covered on the surface of EPDM during the sample preparation process and then dissolved after extraction by acetone. The FTIR and ATR results show that the AOHBP molecules are successfully grafted onto the surface of EPDM samples, but there remain a lot of ungrafted reagent molecules on the surface of EPDM before solvent extraction. The grafting rate of AOHBP increases with the proportion of DCP in the mixed reagents. As for the unextracted modified EPDM samples, both the AC and DC breakdown voltage of the EPDM/XLPE interface are increased compared with pure EPDM, and further increased after the ungrafted molecules are extracted because the effect of voltage stabilizer on scavenging high-energy electrons is more efficiently utilized at a smoother interface. The interface breakdown voltage of the sample modified with 1:2 mass ratio of DCP/AOHBP mixed solution is the highest because of its highest grafting rate of voltage stabilizer. This work has proposed a new technical path to improve the electrical aging resistance of polymer insulating surface.
研究领域:
高分子材料科学
·
电气工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 140
·期 9
·e53567
·
IF 3.057
Licong Jiang,Ziwen Zhou,Feng Zhao,Song Li,Zhihua Liu,Xiaoyang Liu,Meiming Xu,Zhenxiang Xin,Shuai Zhao,Lin Li
Enteromorpha as a waste from marine pollution brings great pressure to environmental governance every year, especially for China. Under the premise of shortage of industrial materials, taking appropriate measures can turn waste into wealth, which will benefit us a lot. In this work, a bio-based reinforcing type flame retardant based on Enteromorpha is designed. The designed Enteromorpha based flame retardant system mainly is focused on the reinforcing action and the flame retardant effects on ethylene-propylene-diene tripolymer (EPDM) systemically. Therefore, with the emergence of innovate reinforcing type Enteromorpha flame retardants in the future, the application of Enteromorpha in the polymer flame retardants field will surely usher in bright development.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
聚合物工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 2
·503
·
IF 3.4
Binxiao Wei,Chen Yu,Yongping Bai,Li Liu,Jinmei He
As the requirements of aerospace technology become more rigorous, the performance of solid rocket motor (SRM) cases needs to be further optimized. In the present study, a co-curing technique was used to fabricate carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) composites whereby the properties of CFRP/EPDM composites were adjusted by varying the temperature, heating time and type of vulcanizing agent to obtain the optimum manufacturing process. The results of crosslink density (3.459 × 10−4mol/cm3) tested by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a 90° peel strength test (2.342 N/mm), and an interlaminar shear test (ILSS = 82.08 MPa) demonstrated that the optimum mechanical properties of composites were obtained under the temperature 160 °C heated for 20 min with the curing agent DCP/S. The interfacial phase and bonding mechanism of composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further indicated that EPDM/DCP/S had favorable thermal stability. This will provide valuable recommendations for the optimization of the SRM shell preparation process.Keywords:carbon fiber reinforced polymer;epdm;co-curing;preparation optimization
研究领域:
航空航天材料
·
复合材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Yunqi Xing,Xu Guo,Fanrong Kong,Kaulya Pathiraja,Yuhuai Wang,Jin Li
To investigate how the presence of interface state impacts the DC breakdown at the interface at the terminations of a submarine DC cable, the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) double-layer samples with two different interface states of direct contact and coating normal silicone oil were prepared. Various temperatures and pressures were controlled to simulate the actual operating environment. The effects of pressure and temperature on the DC Interfacial breakdown characteristics were analysed. The characteristics of interface charge accumulation and dissipation were studied with different polar voltages stressing. The effects of silicone oil on the interface charge characteristics were discussed by vertical preloading and interface breakdown tests. Results show that the breakdown voltage of the interface coated with silicone oil is much higher than that of the interface without silicone oil. After coating silicone oil, the trap energy level and trap density of the interface decrease, the interface accumulated charge density decreases, and the interface residual charge decays faster. In addition, when the polarity of the residual charge at the interface aligns with that of the needle electrode in terms of consistency, the interface breakdown voltage increases, and vice versa. This paper provides a theoretical basis and innovative insights for the subsequent selection and improvement of silicone fluids to enhance interfacial breakdown performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电气工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 142
·期 4
·e56404
·
IF 2.7
Song Li,Lingbo Dong,Jinyi Jia,Licong Jiang,Zhenxiang Xin,Wei Liu,Lin Li
A large amount of smoke will be produced during the combustion of ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM), which seriously endangers the environment and personal safety. In this study, K-SEP was obtained by modifying sepiolite with KH550, and two bio-based flame retardant and smoke suppression systems AEGS and PEGS were prepared by combining ammonium polyphosphate intumescent flame retardant system (AEG) and piperazine pyrophosphate intumescent flame retardant system (PEG), respectively. The flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of AEGS and PEGS on EPDM matrix composites were investigated. The experimental results show that the LOI values of EPDM/AEGS3 and EPDM/PEGS3 composites with 3 phr K-SEP are 8.1% and 5.5% higher than those of the blank samples without sepiolite. TSP decreased by 26.3% and 14.3% respectively, which proved that sepiolite has important research value in the field of flame retardant and smoke suppression of polymer materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Lin-Xuan Han,Ze-Yong Zhao,Cong Deng,Yu-Zhong Wang
Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber is highly flammable, facing potential fire hazard when it is used as electric cable sheaths, automobile parts, etc. In this work, aiming to reduce fire hazard of EPDM rubber, a piperazine/alkene-containing phosphoramide oligomer poly (2-butene-1,4-dione piperazine fumaroyl phenylphosphonate) (PPFPP) was synthesized and used as charring agent to fabricate intumescent flame retardant with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). When 20 wt% APP/PPFPP (weight ratio: 3:1) was incorporated into EPDM, the flame-retarded EPDM achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 27.0%, significantly superior to flame-retarded EPDM consisting of controlled flame retardant PPSPP without alkene and PPFA without phenyl phosphine. In cone calorimeter test, flame retardant consisting of 6.25 wt% PPFPP and 18.75 wt% APP strongly reduced the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and the peak of smoke production rate (PSPR) of EDPM, diminished approximately by 72% and 60%, respectively. In the case of meeting flame retardancy, mechanical property of flame-retarded EPDM maintained at a high level. Different measurements confirmed that the flame-retardant mechanism of PPFPP is attributed to two aspects. The first one is ascribed to the char-forming action of PPFPP in the presence of alkene and piperazine, playing a barrier role in condensed phase; the second one is due to the gaseous action of phenyl phosphine groups originating from the pyrolysis of PPFPP. In summary, the combination of piperazine and alkene with phenyl phosphine may fabricate an efficient charring agent for the intumescent flame retardation for EPDM.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
防火材料
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·55
·
IF 4.967
Peipei Sun,Ziwen Zhou,Licong Jiang,Shuai Zhao,Lin Li
Enteromorpha, as a waste from marine pollution, brings great pressure to environmental governance every year, especially for China. Under the premise of a shortage of industrial materials, taking appropriate measures can turn waste into wealth, which will benefit us a lot. In this work, a bio-based reinforcing-type flame retardant based on Enteromorpha is designed. The designed Enteromorpha-based flame retardant system (AEG) mainly focuses on the reinforcing and flame retardant effects on ethylene-propylene-diene tripolymer (EPDM). For the AEG system, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) serves as both the acid source and the gas source; the simple hybrid material (GN) produced by loading graphene (GE) and Enteromorpha (EN) using tannic acid (TA) as a regulator serves as an acid source and a carbonizing source. The results show that when 40 phr AEG is added, the LOI of EPDM/AEG40 reaches 32.5% and the UL-94 reaches the V-0 level. The PHRR and THR values of EPDM/AEG40 are 325.9 kW/m2and 117.6 MJ/m2, respectively, with decrements of 67.3% and 29.7%, respectively, compared with the results of neat EPDM composite. Especially, the TSP and TSR values of EPDM/AEG40 are reduced from 15.2 m2of neat EPDM to 9.9 m2with a decrement of 34.9% and reduced from 1715.2 m2/m2of neat EPDM to 1124.5 m2/m2with a decrement of 34.4%, indicating that AEG is effective in flame retardancy and smoke suppression. Meanwhile, the tensile strength and tear strength of EPDM/AEG composites are much higher than neat EPDM, therefore, with the future development of innovate reinforcing-type flame-retardant Enteromorpha, the application of Enteromorpha in the polymer flame-retardant field will surely usher in bright development.Keywords:Enteromorpha;reinforcing;flame retardant
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
聚合物工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Xinyu Zhu,Wei Yuan,Xiangtong Wen,Jinze Li,Jing Sui,Tao Zhuang,Chong Sun
Flexible and lightweight polypyrrole nanotubes/ethylene propylene diene monomer (PPyNT/EPDM) rubber foams with excellent electromagnetic waves (EMW) absorption performance in the X-band were prepared via a simple chemical foaming method. By adjusting the content of PPyNT, the cellular structure, density, and EMW absorption properties of the PPyNT/EPDM foams can be precisely tailored. The synergistic effect of the cellular structure and an optimal PPyNT content (15 phr) endows the PPyNT/EPDM foam with an excellent impedance matching and a high attenuation capacity, in turn resulting in excellent EMW absorption performance in the X-band, demonstrated by the minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −27.01 dB at a thickness of 2.3 mm and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.4 GHz at a thickness of 2.6 mm. Furthermore, this foam composite exhibits excellent lightweight characteristics with a density of only 0.795 g/cm 3 . Hence, this research presents a promising approach for the commercial development of flexible, lightweight, cost-effective, and highly efficient EMW absorption materials. Highlights Lightweight PPyNT/EPDM foam for X-band EMW absorption. Tailored porous structure and absorption performance by PPyNT content. Foam with 15 phr PPyNT achieves RL min of −27.01 dB and EAB of 3.4 GHz. Synergy of impedance matching, conduction loss, and multiple reflection.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Ganggang Zhang,Xinxin Zhou,Kuan Liang,Baochun Guo,Xiaolin Li,Zhao Wang,Liqun Zhang
Covalently cross-linked rubbers are indispensable in many important fields due to their unique entropic elasticity. For rubbers cross-linking, the addition of toxic curing agents, release of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and recycling of waste rubber are three important issues. A combination of green curing chemistry and efficient recycling into commercial polyolefin rubbers is of great importance. Herein, we demonstrate a facile and promising way to incorporate dynamic covalent bonds into ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/carbon black (CB) composites. The epoxy-functionalized EPDM (e-EPDM) was prepared using an in situ epoxidation reaction and then cured with biobased decanedioicacid (DA) through the reactions between the epoxy groups in e-EPDM and the carboxylic groups in DA. Because of the existence of exchangeable β-hydroxyl ester, the covalently cross-linked networks in e-EPDM/CB composites were able to rearrange their topological structure at high temperature, endowing the composites with recycled and reshaped abilities. More importantly, the recycled e-EPDM/CB composites still exhibit outstanding mechanical properties which can meet the needs of practical applications. This strategy may provide an efficient, green, and sustainable way to address the problems brought from rubbers cross-linking.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Fan-Bo Meng,Xiangrong Chen,Yiwen Shi,Zelin Hong,Hanshan Zhu,Awais Muhammad,Hao Li,Ashish Paramane
The synthesizing strategy of grafting a structure similar to the polymer matrix on the nanoparticles (NPs) surface is highly efficient in improving the insulating properties of polymers. The comprehensive study consisting of quantum chemical simulations and electrical properties at elevated temperatures shows that under high temperatures and strong direct current (DC) electric fields, spraying an ultra-low concentration of 0.0001 wt% EPDM@ZnO at the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) interface can reduce its DC electrical conductivity, suppress space charge accumulation and increase the DC breakdown strength. The EPDM@ZnO inherits the hydrophobic properties of graft material EPDM . Adding very low concentrations such as 0.0001 wt% minimizes the impact on material cleanliness, i.e., impurities, and facilitates the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the host polyethylene matrix, thereby overcoming nanoparticle agglomeration. The reported synthesis strategy of nanoparticles and preparation process is believed to provide new insights for developing future ultra-high voltage direct current cables and can be widely applied to nano-polymer modification applications of coatings, structural materials, and interface materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电气工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
·
IF 9.5
Shumeng Wang,Jian Wang,Xutao Ma,Zhaoqi Niu,Zongwu Zhang,Peibo Xu,Beixi Chen,Xiaoyan Ma,Shishan Yang,Xiao Hou
With the development of aerospace technology, the thermal insulation layer between the engine casing and the propellant needs to have excellent mechanical and ablative resistance properties to meet higher environmental requirements. Herein, two novel reactive phosphonitrile derivatives containing P and N heteroatoms, namely, hexa(2-allylphenoxy) cyclotriphosphonitrile (HAPPCP) and hexa(3-ethynylphenylamino) cyclotriphosphonitrile (HEACP), were designed and synthesized to crosslink with EPDM for modulating its chain structure on a molecular scale, forming P- and N-atom hybridized EPDM dense crosslinked networks, which collectively improve the mechanical and ablative resistance. Results showed that HEACP was more effective for boosting the overall performance, accompanied by improvements of 64.6% and 89.2% in tensile strength and breaking elongation, respectively, and reductions of 52.6% and 33.1% in the linear ablation rate and mass ablation rate, respectively. The ablation-condensed phase, microscopic carbon crystal structure, and the gas-phase thermal barrier mechanism were investigated to elucidate the ablative resistance mechanism.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）