Biology-Basel
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2020
·Vol. 9
·期 2
·37
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IF 3.796
Bo Wu,Qi Wang,Jie Cao,Jun Mei,Jing Xie
Transport in water is the most common method for achieving high survival rates when transporting cultured fish in China; yet, transport success relies on proper water quality and conditions. This research was designed to explore the effects of ascorbic acid and β-1,3-glucan on survival, physiological responses, and flesh quality of farmed tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) during simulated transport. The transport water temperature for live tiger grouper was 15 °C, which had the highest survival rate, the lowest stress response, and metabolic rate, and this will reduce the susceptibility to diseases. It is stated that β-1,3-glucan influences the changes of cortisol content, heat shock protein 70, IL-1β, and IgM transcription levels during simulated transport. Rather than using ascorbic acid alone (the A-group), β-1,3-glucan (3.2 mg/L) in the presence of ascorbic acid (25 mg/L) can effectively reduce the increase of transport-induced serum cortisol content, heat shock protein 70, and IL-1β, but stimulated IgM. 25 mg/L ascorbic acid and 3.2 mg/L β-1,3-glucan had no obvious effect on the nutritional indexes and flavor of live tiger grouper; however, these can effectively reduce the stress response, improve the innate immune activity, and ensure a higher survival rate.Keywords:Epinephelus fuscoguttatus;simulated transport in water;environment stress;β-1,3-glucan;physiological responses
研究领域:
水产养殖
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鱼类生理学
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免疫学
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运输生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE
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2025
·
IF 3.9
Lina Geng,Chirun Lin,Guojian Pan,Yusen Yang,Lixing Wang,Shengming Huang,Zhiyu Zhou,Haoran Yin,Xiaoyi Wu
Spermine, a natural polyamine, plays important roles in regulating growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant capacity of organisms. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of dietary spermine supplementation on growth, protein synthesis and antioxidant capacity in hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Seven isoproteic, isoenergetic, and isolipidic diets containing different levels of exogenous spermine were formulated and fed to juvenile fish for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, nine fish were randomly selected from each tank and subjected to ammonia nitrogen stress for 57 h. The results showed that with increasing dietary spermine levels, the daily feed intake significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and significant cubic variations of protein efficiency ratio, protein productive value and dorsal muscle / body weight ratio were observed. There were no significant differences in serum growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, spermine, and spermidine levels among the groups. The expression levels of target of rapamycin ( tor ), eukaryotic initiation factor 5 A ( eif 5 a ) and TOR phosphorylation level were also affected by dietary spermine. For gut histology analysis, only villus height of foregut was changed. After the ammonia‑nitrogen stress, there was a cubic correlation between spermine levels and cumulative mortality rate. The serum catalase, heme oxygenase 1 concentrations and the expression levels of NAD( P )H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 ( nqo 1) exhibited a cubic variation as dietary spermine levels increased. In summary, the optimal dietary spermine level for maximum percentage weight gain was estimated to be 19.9 mg/kg dry matter.
研究领域:
水产养殖学
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营养学
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DOI
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
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2024
·
IF 3
Hao Liu,Ruitao Xie,Weibin Huang,Yuanzhi Yang,Menglong Zhou,Baiquan Lu,Biao Li,Beiping Tan,Xiaohui Dong
This study investigated the effects of varying doses of dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the growth, intestinal health, and muscle quality of hybrid grouper. Four diets with varying AFB1 concentrations (0, 30, 445, and 2,230 μg kg−1) were used. Elevating AFB1 concentrations led to a decline in growth indexes, specifically the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate, although the survival rate remained unchanged. Morphological indicators showed a dose-dependent decline with AFB1 exposure. Intestinal MDA content and hindgut reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, while antioxidant indexes and digestive enzymes decreased with higher AFB1 levels. AFB1 negatively influenced hindgut tight junction protein and antioxidant-related gene expression while promoting inflammation-related gene expression. The presence of AFB1 in the experiment led to a decrease in beneficial intestinal bacteria, such as Prevotella, and an increase in harmful intestinal bacteria, such as Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Muscle lipid and unsaturated fatty acid content significantly decreased, while muscle protein and liver AFB1 content increased dramatically with higher AFB1 concentrations. AFB1 caused myofibrillar cleavage and myofilament damage, leading to increased spaces between muscle fibers. In conclusion, diets with AFB1 levels exceeding 30 μg kg−1 inhibited hybrid grouper growth, while levels surpassing 445 μg kg−1 resulted in hindgut ROS accumulation, inflammation, elevated intestinal permeability, reduced digestive enzyme activity, and compromised muscle quality.
研究领域:
水产养殖学
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毒理学
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营养学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
·
2026
·Vol. 2026
·期 1
·4395252
·
IF 4.6
Haoran Yin,Lixing Wang,Zexin Lin,Ruilin Li,Qinxiao Cai,Zhiyu Zhou,Xiaoyi Wu
The hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂), a typical carnivorous fish, has a limited ability to utilize dietary carbohydrates (CHOs). This study investigated the effects of different dietary arginine (Arg) levels (2.55 and 3.65%) and CHO-to-lipid ratios (C/L: 3.57, 2.39, 1.61) on the glycometabolism of hybrid grouper. Juvenile hybrid grouper (mean initial body length and weight: 7.8 cm and 13.04 g) were manually fed to fullness two times per day throughout a 7-week growth trial. The results showed that the C/L3.67 diets significantly elevated 2-h postprandial blood glucose concentration, as well as reduced hepatic glycogen level, intraperitoneal fat ratio (IPF), and the whole-body and hepatic lipid contents relative to the C/L2.39 and C/L1.61 diets. Dietary Arg supplementation significantly improved this metabolic disorder. These improvements were associated with enhanced plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentration, hepatic phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity, nitric oxide (NO), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. They were also linked to the upregulated expression of key molecules in related pathways, including IGF-1 receptor (igf1r), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k), protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit α (ampk-α), and protein kinase B (Akt) genes, as well as glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) proteins. Generally, suitable dietary Arg supplementation can reduce postprandial blood glucose and hepatic glycogen concentrations in hybrid grouper fed high C/L diets by regulating key genes and proteins within the IGF-1 and NO-cGMP pathways. This finding provided a nutritional intervention to enhance CHO utilization in hybrid grouper aquaculture.
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高影响因子
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 3.9
Meiqin Mao,Zhixia Zhuang,Xiaoru Wang,Huabin Huang,Jiaonan Zhang,Jiaolin Zhang,Qingpi Yan
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is a significant pathogen in aquaculture, capable of infecting various teleost fish and causing visceral white spot disease, which leads to substantial economic losses. The PhoP/PhoQ two-component system plays a central role in virulence regulation in Gram-negative bacteria; however, its specific function in P. plecoglossicida remains unclear. To elucidate the role of the phoP gene in the pathogenicity of this bacterium, we used hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) as an infection model to compare the pathogenicity and host immune responses among the wild-type (NZBD9), phoP deletion (Δ phoP ), and complemented (C-Δ phoP ) strains. In artificial infection experiments, the Δ phoP strain exhibited significantly attenuated virulence, with an LD 50 value of 4.082 × 10 4 , which was 13.7 times higher than that of the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the deletion of phoP reduced bacterial load in the spleen and alleviated histopathological damage in the spleen, head kidney, and intestine. RNA-seq analysis of spleen tissue at 4 days post-infection identified 1768 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 704 up-regulated and 1064 down-regulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in immune-related processes and pathways, including TLR signaling, NF-κB activation, PI3K-Akt signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and cell adhesion molecules. Temporal expression profiling via qRT-PCR demonstrated that key immune genes (including tlr1, tlr5 , tlr13 , traf5 , nf-κb , mcp1 , cd3 , and il10 ) were generally down-regulated or exhibited delayed and weakened activation in Δ phoP -infected fish, indicating a subdued and dysregulated immune response. These results suggest that the phoP gene is essential for maintaining full virulence in P. plecoglossicida , modulating host immunity by suppressing critical inflammatory and immune signaling pathways. Our study provides novel insights into the role of the PhoP/PhoQ system in host–pathogen interactions and lays a theoretical foundation for developing targeted control strategies against P. plecoglossicida infection in aquaculture.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2023
·
IF 6
Ahtisham Ali,Jinfang Wang,Wei Jiang,Shuai Wei,Qinxiu Sun,Qiuyu Xia,Zefu Wang,Zongyuan Han,Yang Liu,Shucheng Liu
Differential metabolites and potential biomarkers of hybrid grouper and golden pompano muscles were identified in this study. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed to evaluate liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic analysis. Among the metabolites, 1678 co-contained differential metabolites in positive modes and 1445 co-contained differential metabolites in negative modes were investigated. Sixteen most differential metabolites were determined as potential biomarkers in different muscle groups. The top 10 KEGG-enriched pathways were identified. The sensory characteristics of groups were highest in aroma and sulfur-organic compounds in both fishes. Most organic acid contents in hybrid grouper were significantly higher than those of golden pompano. This present study provides a baseline for a better understanding of potential metabolites involved in muscle quality and taste as well as could provide a piece of further knowledge to identify the significant role of key biomarkers in fish muscles.
研究领域:
水产科学
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食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Aquaculture Reports
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2025
·
IF 3.7
Guoyong Huang,Weibin Huang,Guangcai Fu,Yansheng Liu,Hengyang Song,Wenshan Cai,Yubin Liu,Yuxuan Han,Yilin Yao,Beiping Tan,Xiaohui Dong
This study assessed the efficacy of dietary vitamin E in ameliorating growth and liver function in Jinhu grouper compromised by the inclusion of oxidized fish oil (OFO; peroxide value: 121.68 mmol/kg) in the diet, compared with a fresh fish oil control (FFO; peroxide value: 1.25 mmol/kg). The eight-week feeding trial utilized five experimental diets that were isonitrogenous and isolipidic: FFO, OFO (0 mg/kg VE), or OFO supplemented with 200 (VE1), 400 (VE2), or 600 (VE3) mg/kg vitamin E. Fish receiving oxidized fish oil showed slower growth, indicated by reduced weight gain rate (WGR) and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR). Intake of oxidized lipids altered lipid metabolism, lowering serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but elevating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Hepatic antioxidant capacity was compromised, as revealed by the concurrent suppression in both the activities and gene expression levels of key antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx). Concurrently, oxidized fish oil induced liver inflammation, significantly upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (notably il-1β , il-6 , il-8 , tnf-α ), and caused histopathological damage including hepatocyte nuclear displacement and lipid droplet accumulation. Vitamin E supplementation ameliorated these effects. The VE2 group (400 mg/kg) maximally restored growth performanc, reduced serum MDA and LDL-C levels, enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression, suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression, and attenuated histopathological lesions. In conclusion, dietary vitamin E supplementation at 400 mg/kg effectively counteracts growth impairment and hepatotoxicity induced by oxidized fish oil in Jinhu grouper.
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高影响因子
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 2.4
Xinxin Liu,Yun Sun,Zikai He,Bo Li,Wenye Song,Hongli Liu,Caoying Wei,Ying Wu,Zhenjie Cao,Chen Zhang,Yongcan Zhou
The capsid protein (CP), the primary structural component and key antigen of infectious spleen kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), remains poorly characterized in terms of its antigenic epitopes. These epitopes, typically ∼20 amino acid residues in length, are specific chemical groups determining antigenic specificity. To address this gap, we employed immunoinformatics to analyze CP epitopes. Subsequently, a multi-epitope vaccine targeting ISKNV (MEV) was designed, constructed, and screened. Immune response evaluation revealed that the predicted three T lymphocyte and five B lymphocyte epitopes exhibited antigenicity, non-toxicity, and non-allergenicity. Fusion of these epitopes yielded the MEV vaccine. In grouper trials, MEV vaccination significantly upregulated mRNA expression of immune-related genes ( IL-1β , TNF-α , CD4 , CD8α , MHC- Iα, MHC- IIα) and markedly increased total IgM levels, indicating induction of both cellular and humoral immunity. Crucially, MEV conferred significantly higher resistance against ISKNV challenge compared to CP immunization, achieving 85.33% survival rate. Furthermore, MEV vaccination significantly reduced viral loads in the spleen and head kidney. This study presents an economical, rapid, safe, and effective strategy for aquatic vaccine development, positioning MEV as a highly promising candidate for preventing infectious spleen kidney necrosis disease.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Aquaculture Reports
·
2025
·
IF 3.7
Jia Xu,Fajun Jiang,Yichao Li,Ermeng Yu,Shiwei Xie,Junxiang Lai,Fan Wang
Present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of different primary bile acids (BAs) on liver health in pearl gentian grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♂ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♀) fed a high-lipid (HL) diet. A total of 375 healthy grouper (15.21 ± 0.05 g) was assigned randomly to 15 tanks, ensuring three replicates per group: control (C), HL, HL with glycocholic acid (GCA), HL with taurocholic acid (TCA), and HL with cholic acid (CA), for 8 weeks. The HL and all BAs treatment did not affect the FBW and WG ( P > 0.05). Compared to C, the HL increased the lipid deposition and the il1β and tnfα expression, decreased the SOD and catalase activities ( P < 0.05). Compared to HL, the GCA increased the lipid deposition, il1β and tnfα expression, malondialdehyde level, and pentanoic acid concentration ( P < 0.05). Compared to HL, the TCA decreased the lipid deposition, il1β and tnfα expression, malondialdehyde level, hexanoic acid and pentanoic acid concentration, increased the SOD and catalase activities ( P < 0.05). Compared to HL, the CA increased the lipid deposition and decreased pentanoic acid concentration ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, all BA treatment groups were found to increase the size of the BA pool. The GCA, TCA, and CA treatments did not induce substantial changes in the structure and composition of the gut microbiota. The composition of SCFAs and BAs is influenced by the dietary intake of different BAs, resulting in distinct microbial-metabolite correlation. In summary, TCA protected grouper form liver impairment induced by a HL diet via improving lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, and increasing antioxidant capacity.
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DOI
高影响因子
Aquaculture Reports
·
2025
·
IF 3.7
Hengyang Song,Xiangxiang Suo,Wanting Huang,Yubin Liu,Xiaojuan Huang,Wenshan Cai,Hao Liu,Beiping Tan,Xiaohui Dong
High-fat diets (HD) are extensively used in aquaculture due to saving feed cost, reducing protein level, and improve better fish growth and health conditions. However, the harmful impacts of HD, especially on health, limit application of HD in aquaculture. Due to the harmful effect of HD on hepatic health can be alternatively used α-lipoic acid and tea polyphenols, which exhibit great beneficial effect. This study investigated the effects of α-lipoic acid, tea polyphenols, and their combination on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and inflammation-related indices in hybrid groupers ( ♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus ) fed a high-fat diet. A basic diet (CK group) with 50 % protein and 17 % lipid content was prepared. α-lipoic acid (LA) and tea polyphenols (TP) were used as additives, and 1000 mg/kg additive was added to the basic diet respectively, and the addition method was LA (LA group), TP (TP group), LA:TP = 1:1 (LA:TP group), LA:TP = 1:2 (LA:2TP group), LA:TP = 2:1 (2LA:TP group). Six experimental diets were fed to hybrid grouper (8.68 ± 0.22 g) for 8 weeks. These results showed that the addition of LA:TP = 1:2 (LA:2TP group) to the diet significantly increased final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) ( P < 0.05). Compared with CK, LA, TP, LA:TP and 2LA:TP groups, the serum triglyceride (TG) content in the LA:2TP group was obviously decreased ( P < 0.05), and the ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was enhanced. In addition, the complements C3 and C4 contents in liver of the LA:2TP group were obviously increased, and the total cholesterol (TC) level was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the CK group, the serum contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in each group were markedly reduced ( P < 0.05). The results of genes related to inflammation and antioxidation showed that compared with CK, LA, TP and LA:TP groups, the antioxidant genes ( sod , cat ) and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes ( tgf-β , il-10 ) in liver and head kidney of LA:2TP group were obviously up-regulated ( P < 0.05), while those in LA, TP and LA:TP groups were obviously greater than those in CK group ( P < 0.05), and the expression level in 2LA:TP group was the lowest ( P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes ( il-6 , tnf-α ) in the 2LA:TP group were significantly up-regulated and greater than those in other groups ( P < 0.05), and the expression level in the LA:2TP group was the lowest ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, adding LA:TP = 1:2 can effectively enhance growth performance, improve antioxidant capacity and reduce the harmful effects of HD diet in hybrid grouper.
研究领域:
水产养殖学
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营养学
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分子生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）