Yi Xiong,Xingxing Gu,Zixun Liu,Xiaolei Ren,Yanke Jiang,Hanyu Xu,Lin Zhuo,Guangming Jiang
Rechargeable aqueous-zinc ion batteries (AZIB) have notable benefits in terms of high safety and low cost. Nevertheless, the challenges, such as dendrite growth, zinc anode corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reaction, impede its practical implementation. Hence, this study proposes the introduction of an economical ErCl 3 electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode surface and address the aforementioned issues. The introduced Er 3+ will cover the raised zinc dendrite surface and weaken the “tip effect” on the surface of the zinc anode via the “electrostatic shielding” effect. Simultaneously, the introduced Cl – can reduce the polarization of the zinc anode. Due to the synergistic effect of Er 3+ and Cl – , the zinc anode corrosion, dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution have been efficiently inhibited. As a result, the Zn||Zn-symmetric battery using ErCl 3 additive can stably cycle for 1100 h at 1 mA cm −2 , 1 mAh cm −2 , and exhibit a high average coulomb efficiency (99.2 %). Meanwhile, Zn||MnO 2 full battery based on ErCl 3 -added electrolyte also demonstrates a high reversible capacity of 157.1 mAh/g after 500 cycles. Obviously, the capacity decay rate of the full battery is also improved, only 0.113 % per cycle. This study offers a straightforward and economically efficient method for stabilizing the zinc anode and realizing high-performance AZIBs.
Lei Wang,Shuai Zhang,Long Yan,Xiaohong Ji,Qinyuan Zhang
The electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides can be tuned by a doping strategy. Herein, spiral and monolayer Er-doped WS2 (WE) flakes have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using ErCl3, WO3, and S as precursors. The growth and properties of WE flakes have been systematically studied based on experimental and theoretical analysis. The morphology, size, and thickness of WE flakes can be regulated by adjusting the molar ratio of ErCl3/WO3 and the growth time. It has been found that the ErCl3 precursor not only acts as the promoter of the WE flakes during the growth but also drives the formation of screw dislocations owing to the internal strain in the lattice induced by Er3+ doping. The WE flakes exhibit near-infrared (NIR) emission at ∼1530 nm under 980 nm excitation, which corresponds to the energy transition from 4I13/2 to 4I15/2 of the Er3+ dopants. In addition, the WE-based device exhibits improved NIR photoresponse with a 16.9-fold enhancement in photocurrent compared with that of the WS2-based device. Our work provides a simple method for the preparation of highly crystalline WE flakes with NIR emission and enhanced NIR photoresponse.
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