ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2019
·
IF 4.527
Yongming Wu,Mi Deng,Yuanxiang Jin,Xin Liu,Zhaohuan Mai,Hailin You,Xiyan Mu,Xiaoli He,Reem Alharthi,Daniel Joseph Kostyniuk,Chunyan Yang,Wenqing Tu
6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B), a Chinese PFOS alternative, has recently been identified in river water, sewage sludge , wildlife and humans, causing great concerns about its potential toxic effects. Here, we report the first investigation of the toxicokinetics and oxidative stress of F-53B in adult zebrafish. Adult male and female zebrafish were exposed to 10 and 100 μg/L of F-53B for 7 days followed by a 5-d depuration period to examine bioaccumulation, distribution, and depuration of F-53B in fish. The results showed that F-53B was readily accumulated in fish tissues with log BCF values of 2.36–3.65, but was eliminated slowly ( t 1/2 = 152.4–358.5 h). F-53B accumulation was greater in males than in females and the concentration in tissues decreased in the following order: gonad ≈ liver ≫ gill ≫ brain in females and liver ≈ gill ≫ gonad ≫ brain in males, showing sex- and tissue- specific accumulation of F-53B in fish. After chronic exposure to F-53B for 28 days, a significant dose-dependent increase in histopathological changes in the liver were mainly manifested by vacuolation. Furthermore, F-53B also significantly reduced the enzyme activity (or content) of most of the measured oxidative stress-related markers (e.g., SOD, CAT and MDA) except for an increase in GSH-Px activity, indicating that oxidative stress was induced in zebrafish after treatment with F-53B. The results of this study provide important information on the toxicokinetics and toxic effects of F-53B, which will contribute to the ecological risk assessments of F-53B released into surface waters.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
水生生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Hongbo Yang,Chan Xu,Jieyu Song,Jin Li,Chan Zhang,Chunli Teng,Kai Ma,Feng Xie
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and its alternative 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroethersulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA, also known as F-53B), are frequently detected in a variety of environmental and human samples. These substances have been associated with hepatotoxic effects, including disorders in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the causal relationship between exposure to F-53B and hepatotoxicity remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the toxicokinetics and mechanisms of hepatotoxicity associated with prolonged exposure to F-53B in adult Chinese rare minnows. Specifically, 5-month-old adult Chinese rare minnow was exposed to concentrations of 10 μg/L and 200 μg/L of F-53B for a duration of 28 days for bioaccumulation assessment, followed by a 14-day period for metabolic evaluation. The findings indicated that the bioaccumulation of F-53B in the tissues was positively correlated with the exposure concentrations. The logarithmic bioconcentration factor (Log BCF28d) was determined to be 2.67 ± 0.02 for the low concentration group and 2.27 ± 0.01 for the high concentration group. The calculated half-lives (t 1/2 ) were 18.50 ± 1.67 days and 21.38 ± 0.31 days for the respective concentration groups. F-53B protein exhibited a distinct tissue-specific distribution in adult Chinese rare minnow, with the following order of enrichment: Blood > Liver > Gonad > Gill > Intestine > Brain > Muscle. F-53B was primarily concentrated in the blood and liver, where the protein content was significantly higher. Exposure to F-53B for 28 days significantly elevated biochemical levels associated with lipid metabolism and increased the activities of the enzymes FAS, PPARα, and ACC in the liver. This exposure also resulted in impairment of the hepatic oxidative system in the Chinese rare minnow, with F-53B significantly reducing most of the measured markers related to oxidative stress (e.g., GSH, SOD, CAT, and MDA). Proteomic analysis indicated that the toxicity of F-53B regulates the expression of proteins across several functional classes. Based on the functional information of the differential proteins provided in UniProt and KEGG, they were categorized into five main categories: Cellular Processes, Environmental Information Processing, Genetic Information Processing, Metabolism, and Organismal Systems. This study indicate that F-53B is bioaccumulative and persistent in Chinese rare minnow, and can further induce oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorders. Combined with proteomic research methods, the toxicological effects of F-53B on Chinese rare minnow can be better explained.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
·
蛋白质组学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Han Zhang,Yinyin Zhang,Luxiang Zhu,Yanan Liu
The frequent detection of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) in various environments has raised concerns owing to its comparable or even higher environmental persistence and toxicity than perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). This study investigated the plasma degradation of F-53B for the first time using a water film plasma discharge system. The results revealed that F-53B demonstrated a higher rate constant but similar defluorination compared to PFOS, which could be ascribed to the introduction of the chlorine atom . Successful elimination (94.8–100 %) was attained at F-53B initial concentrations between 0.5 and 10 mg/L, with energy yields varying from 15.1 to 84.5 mg/kWh. The mechanistic exploration suggested that the decomposition of F-53B mainly occurred at the gas-liquid interface, where it directly reacted with reactive species generated by gas discharge . F-53B degradation pathways involving dechlorination , desulfonation , carboxylation , C-O bond cleavage , and stepwise CF 2 elimination were proposed based on the identified byproducts and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the demonstrated effectiveness in removing F-53B in various coexisting ions and water matrices highlighted the robust anti-interference ability of the treatment process. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the plasma degradation of F-53B, showcasing the potential of plasma processes for eliminating PFAS alternatives in water.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Yunhao Zhang,Yi Qian,Ming Zhang,Weichuan Qiao
The wastewater discharge from the process of chrome plating, which contains 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) and chromium (Cr), may be toxic to biofilm. In this study we found that the biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was inhibited by exposure to a combination of F-53B and Cr(VI). The combined pollution damaged the cell membranes and the structure of the biofilm, and inhibited the production of the Pseudomonas quinolone-based signal, which affected biofilm formation. Moreover, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances decreased as a result of this combined exposure. Exposure to F-53B and Cr(VI) individually or in combination could induce the excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the ROS positive rate of the bacteria increased under the treatment with 0.2 mmol/L of Cr(VI) and 250 nmol/L of F-53B, respectively. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were enhanced for scavenging ROS in the bacteria that were exposed to Cr(VI) and F-53B. As an antioxidant, rutin was used to repair the toxicity of Cr(VI) and F-53B towards the biofilm formed by the bacteria. When rutin was added to the bacteria medium, with either Cr(VI) or F-53B as pollutant, or with the combined pollutants, the extracellular protein content of the bacteria recovered to 0.84, 0.94, and 0.85 times that of the control, respectively. Meanwhile, the accumulation of ROS and the activities of SOD and CAT decreased, which indicated that the addition of rutin can alleviate the oxidative stress and promote the antioxidant stress system.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2022
·
IF 9.988
Caihong Wang,Zihong Pan,Yuanxiang Jin
Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F–53 B) is a distinct substitute for perfluorooctane sulphonate. It has been reported to be biologically toxic to mammals, causing enteric toxicity, liver toxicity and neurotoxicity. However, studies about the effects of F–53 B on patients with gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease are very limited. In this study, whether the toxic impacts of F–53 B on the gut and liver can be exacerbated in mice with colitis was explored. The sensitivity of mice with acute colitis caused by dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) to F–53 B was compared with that of healthy mice. The mice were administered water containing F–53 B at doses of 10 and 100 μg/L sequentially for two weeks, respectively. F–53 B exposure exacerbated DSS-induced colonic inflammation, including inducing shortening of colon length, inflammatory cell infiltration and more severe histopathological symptoms. In addition, F–53 B administration significantly increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α, in the plasma of mice with enteritis compared with control group. F–53 B impaired intestinal integrity of mice with colitis by downregulating Claudin-1 and antimicrobial peptide-related genes while elevating serum lipopolysaccharide levels. In addition, in mice with colitis, F–53 B increased the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, resulted in more severe liver inflammation and increased the level of genes related to the Gasdermin D-mediated pyrolysis . Conclusively, our results indicated that F–53 B delayed the self-healing of ulcerative colitis (UC) and caused liver inflammation in mice. This study provided some new insights into the health risks of F–53 B and raises concerns about the health of individuals with UC.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
胃肠病学
·
免疫学
·
肝病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2019
·
IF 5.108
Yongming Wu,Jing Huang,Mi Deng,Yuanxiang Jin,Huilin Yang,Yu Liu,Qinyan Cao,Jan A. Mennigen,Wenqing Tu
6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B), a Chinese PFOS alternative, has recently been identified in the aquatic environment at concentrations similar to or higher than perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Although previous studies have shown that F-53B can trigger oxidative stress in fish, the underlying molecular mechanism is still largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of F-53B (0, 0.5, 20 and 200 μg/L) for 5 d to investigate oxidative stress responses and possible molecular mechanisms of action. Our results showed that F-53B accumulated in a concentration-dependent manner in zebrafish larvae. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities, mRNA and protein levels of most of antioxidant enzyme genes involved in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/Nrf2-ARE pathway were significantly reduced. Further in silico study indicated that F-53B binds tightly to PI3K, which may be related to the inhibition of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant functions by F-53B as a PI3K inhibitor. Combining in vivo and in silico studies, we elucidated the effects of F-53B on antioxidant system of zebrafish through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2-ARE pathway, which increases our understanding of the molecular mechanism of F-53B on antioxidant responses in fish.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 3.9
Wu Yongming,Pei Kexuan,Zhou Jiayu,Xiong Jianzhong,Liu Yu,Li Panrong,Li Fangfei,Wang Jiaqi,Liu Xiangmin,Deng Mi,Wu Chenxi
A novel substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), 6:2 Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether acid (6:2 Cl-PFAES, F-53B), has been widely used in the electroplating and firefighting industries, raising concerns due to increasing environmental prevalence. This study systematically investigated the adsorption characteristics of F-53B by coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms through adsorption kinetics, isotherm modeling, and multi-scale characterization. Results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of CSAC for F-53B reached 261.64 mg/g, with the process best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R 2 > 0.97) and the Langmuir isotherm (R 2 > 0.94). Intraparticle diffusion modeling revealed a three-stage adsorption sequence: surface adsorption (0–2 h), pore diffusion (2–8 h), and dynamic equilibrium (8–48 h). Solution pH influenced adsorption efficiency by regulating surface charge. Under acidic conditions (pH < point of zero charge, pHzpc = 4.49), strong electrostatic interactions between protonated CSAC surfaces and anionic F-53B resulted in an 85% removal efficiency. In contrast, alkaline conditions (pH > 7) led to a 70% reduction in adsorption efficiency ( p < 0.05) due to electric repulsion. The microporous-dominated structure of CSAC (specific surface area: 857.69 m 2 /g; pore volume: 0.34 cm 3 /g) facilitated synergistic adsorption mechanisms. Oxygen-containing functional groups (C-O, -OH) promoted hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, enhancing F-53B adsorption. Besides, CSAC is optimized for emergency scenarios, it achieves 99.9% removal efficiency for 1 mg/L F-53B within 8 h at room temperature, with a maximum capacity of 261.64 mg/g; also, it maintains > 85% removal efficiency under wide pH conditions and tolerates coexisting ions (e.g., Cl − , SO 4 2− , Ca 2+ ).This study highlights the multi-mechanistic synergy of CSAC in theremoval of F-53B, providing theoretical foundations and technical insights for biochar-based remediation of emerging contaminants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
水处理
·
吸附技术
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Minfei Jian,Xi Chen,Shuai Liu,Yingxin Liu,Yu Liu,Qiyu Wang,Wenqing Tu
Microplastics (MPs) can adsorb and desorb organic pollutants, which may alter their biotoxicities. Although the toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and its alternative 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) to organisms has been reported, the comparative study of their combined toxic effects with MPs on aquatic organisms is limited. In this study, adult female zebrafish were exposed to 10 μg/L PFOS/F-53B and 50 μg/L MPs alone or in combination for 14 days to investigate their single and combined toxicities. The results showed that the presence of MPs reduced the concentration of freely dissolved PFOS and F-53B in the exposure solution but did not affect their bioaccumulation in the zebrafish liver and gut. The combined exposure to PFOS and MPs had the greatest impact on liver oxidative stress, immunoinflammatory, and energy metabolism disorders. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that the combined exposure to F-53B and MPs had the greatest impact on gut microbiota. Functional enrichment analysis predicted that the alternations in the gut microbiome could interfere with signaling pathways related to immune and energy metabolic processes. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between changes in gut microbiota and immune and energy metabolism indicators, highlighting the role of gut microbiota in host health. Together, our findings demonstrate that combined exposure to PFOS/F-53B and MPs exacerbates liver immunotoxicity and disturbances in energy metabolism in adult zebrafish compared to single exposure, potentially through dysregulation of gut microbiota.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
微生物学
·
水生生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2018
·
IF 4.427
Yongming Wu,Mi Deng,Yuanxiang Jin,Xiyan Mu,Xiaoli He,Nha-Thi Luu,Chunyan Yang,Wenqing Tu
6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) has been widely applied as a mist suppressant to replace perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the metal plating industry in China for decades. Recently, F-53B has been frequently identified in the aquatic environment and wild-caught fish. However, studies on the uptake and elimination kinetics, and the toxicological effects of F-53B were very scarce. In this study, zebrafish larvae (72 h post fertilization, hpf) were exposed to F-53B (10, 100 μ g/L) for 48 h, followed by a 24 h of depuration to examine both the dynamics of accumulation and elimination of F-53B and responses of antoxidant defense system in fish. The results showed that F-53B rapidly accumulated in zebrafish larvae in a concentration and time-dependent manner with BCF values of 3612–3615, but was eliminated slowly (half-life ranged from 241.5 to 258.6 h). F-53B exposure induced oxidative stress in zebrafish larvae, as reflected by the reduction in the GSH and MDA contents, CAT, SOD, CuZn-SOD, and GSH-ST activities, and the increase in GSH-Px activity as well as CAT and SOD protein levels. However, these oxidative stress markers were restored to control levels except for a decrease in protein level of SOD after depuration. Collectively, the results of this work indicate that F-53B behaves like PFOS and is bioaccumulative and persistent in zebrafish larvae, and further induced oxidative stress responses.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
水生生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2017
·
IF 4.9
Mi Deng,Yongming Wu,Chao Xu,Yuanxiang Jin,Xiaoli He,Jinbao Wan,Xiaoling Yu,Hongmin Rao,Wenqing Tu
A Chinese perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) substitute frequently detected in the environment, 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B), has a similar structure to PFOS and it is proposed to cause thyroid dysfunction. To further confirm this hypothesis, the effects of F-53B on the thyroid endocrine system and underlying mechanisms were investigated in vitro and in vivo using rat pituitary GH3 cells and developing zebrafish, respectively. In GH3 cells, F-53B enhanced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, indicative of thyroid receptor agonistic activity. In zebrafish larvae, F-53B exposure induced significant developmental inhibition and increased thyroxine (T 4 ) but not 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) levels accompanied by a decrease in thyroglobulin (TG) protein and transcript levels of most genes involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Interestingly, T 4 levels remained significantly increased while TG protein and gene transcription levels were markedly upregulated after depuration. Molecular docking studies revealed that F-53B binds to transthyretin (TTR) by forming hydrogen bonds with Lys123 and Lys115, thereby interfering with thyroid hormone homeostasis. Our collective in vitro , in vivo and in silico studies provide novel evidence that F-53B disrupts the thyroid endocrine system at environmentally relevant concentrations, which cannot be recovered after depuration. Given the persistence of F-53B in the environment, the long-term consequences of thyroid hormone disruption by this chemical warrant further investigation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
内分泌学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 8.355
Qiongfang Zhuo,Jinbao Wang,Junfeng Niu,Bo Yang,Yang Yang
BDD/SnO 2 -F electrode was synthesized by spin-coating and heat treatment, and it was characterized by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Electrochemical oxidation of chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B, ClCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -O-CF 2 CF 2 -SO 3 K) as PFOS substitute was carried out with the BDD, BDD/SnO 2 , BDD/PbO 2 , and BDD/SnO 2 -F anodes. The effects of F and Sn ratio, current density, initial pH, initial F-53B concentration, the supporting electrolyte, NaCl concentration, and electrode distance on the degradation ratios were investigated. The defluorination and the desulfurization were evaluated by ion chromatography and UV–vis spectra. The intermediate products were analyzed on the liquid chromatography system coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). The experimental results showed that BDD/SnO 2 -F had the most outstanding electrochemical oxidation performance. After introduction of F into SnO 2 crystal, the grain size of SnO 2 -F was reduced, the oxygen evolution potential was increased by 0.13 V, and the degradation ratio of F-53B was increased by 15.07%. Under the optimum operating parameters, F-53B removal ratio of 95.6% was obtained, and the defluorination ratio reached 61.39% with NaCl supporting electrolyte concentration of 1 mol/L at current density of 30 mA/cm 2 after electrolysis of 30 min. Finally, the electrochemical degradation pathways and the mechanisms of F-53B were proposed based on the intermediate products and the previous literature reported. This study indicates that the electrochemical performance of BDD anode can be much improved by modification with SnO 2 -F, and BDD/SnO 2 -F anode is kind of effective anode to decompose refractory compounds.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Toxics
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 11
·942
·
IF 4.1
Jun Nie,Chao Hu,Yuru Huang,Ying Ma,Liping Lu
A comprehensive understanding of gene-environment interactions is essential for maintaining human cardiac health, and deficiency in the keyparkingene exacerbates cardiac injury. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure has been determined cardiotoxicity from the epidemiological perspective but the potential remained unclear. Here, we investigated the co-effects on cardiac pathological structure and function of an emerging PFAS, 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate acid (F-53B), on male parkin−/−mice at dose of 3 and 3000 μg/kg for 60 d. Mechanism was focused on the activity, phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and the content of nitric oxide (NO), vital vascular function regulating molecule. F-53B significantly increased cardiac fibrosis to 1.58- and 2.80-fold, and cardiac troponin T (cTNT) to 1.17- and 1.32-fold compared with control group, at dose of 3 and 3000 μg/kg, respectively, indicating F-53B can inhibit the normal activities of the heart and cause functional disorders. Content and phosphorylation of eNOS significantly decreased to 0.68-, 0.67-fold, and to 0.65-, 0.54-fold compared with control group, respectively. The subsequent content of NO level was also significantly decreased to 0.47- and 0.33-fold, respectively, indicating that significant co-effects of parkin deficiency and F-53B exposure on cardiac function and structural changes via eNOS/NO signalling. Our work underscores the importance of assessing cardiac risk associated with PFAS at environmentally relevant doses, especially considering environmental exposure and gene co-interaction from the perspective of F-53B andparkingene.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）