This study established novel and high-throughput strategies for the simultaneous analysis of 30 fluorinated emerging pollutants in different matrices from the shrimp aquaculture system in eastern China using UHPLC-MS/MS. The parameters of SPE for analysis of water samples and of QuEChERS methods for sediment and shrimp samples were optimized to allow the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 17 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 13 fluoroquinolones (FQs). Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection of 30 pollutants for water, sediment, and shrimp samples were 0.01–0.30 ng/L, 0.01–0.22 μg/kg, and 0.01–0.23 μg/kg, respectively, while the limits of quantification were 0.04–1.00 ng/L, 0.03–0.73 μg/kg, and 0.03–0.76 μg/kg, with satisfactory recoveries and intra-day precision. The developed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of multiple samples collected from aquaculture ponds in eastern China. PFASs were detected in all samples with concentration ranges of 0.18–0.77 μg/L in water, 0.13–1.41 μg/kg (dry weight) in sediment, and 0.09–0.96 μg/kg (wet weight) in shrimp, respectively. Only two FQs, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, were found in the sediment and shrimp. In general, this study provides valuable insights into the prevalence of fluorinated emerging contaminants, assisting in the monitoring and control of emerging contaminants in aquatic foods.
Lin Duan,Haoyang Deng,Qianqing Zhang,Peijie Gao,Lang Wu
Bisphenol A (BPA) and fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) have been detected frequently in aquatic environments. Studies have shown that high levels of BPA and FQs exposure have adverse effects on chondrogenesis in young terrestrial vertebrates. However, little is known about their combined toxicity to bone metabolism. Here, we evaluated the single and combined effects of BPA and norfloxacin (NOR, a typical species of FQs) at an environmentally relevant level (1 μg/L) on early skeletal development in zebrafish. We found that both individual and combined BPA and NOR exposure resulted in poor embryo quality and decreased calcium-phosphorus ratio. The malformation increased after exposure to BPA and NOR, and craniofacial cartilage ossification was delayed. At the molecular level, the transcriptions of genes related to ossification were down-regulated significantly, and the lysine oxidase activity decreased. Hence, we infer that an environmentally relevant concentration of BPA and NOR have adverse effects on early skeletal development in fish. In addition, combined exposure to BPA and NOR seems to have an antagonistic effect on early skeletal development.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）