The photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics requires a good separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and a wide visible light absorption range. Current studies have discussed the successful preparation of ferroferric oxide/graphite carbon nitride/reduced graphene oxide (Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /rGO). The phase structure and morphology of the Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /rGO composites were characterized by XRD, HR-TEM, SEM, and EDS. The obtained composites were used to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) to evaluate its photocatalytic activity. The effects of four variables on the degradation of TCH were analyzed by the response surface method and artificial intelligence (gradient regression tree, random forest, artificial neural network, etc.). The results showed that the graphite carbon nitride in the catalyst maintained its original structure and that the photocatalytic activity was significantly improved. The degradation rate of TCH was 86.7% under the optimal conditions (the Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /rGO dosage was 0.1 g, pH = 7.0, the initial concentration of TCH was 20 mg/L, and the visible light irradiation time was 60 min). At the same time, the degradation rate of TCH changed little after the material was used five times, which indicates that the stability and recyclability of the Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /rGO photocatalyst were excellent. Finally, a possible photocatalytic mechanism of the Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /rGO photocatalyst is proposed in this paper.
Wenqian Fan,Zhi Zhu,Yang Yu,Zhi Liu,Chunxiang Li,Pengwei Huo,Yue Qiu,Yongsheng Yan
In the present work, the ternary hybrid photocatalyst Fe3O4@g-C3N4/RGO is developed by a facile hydrothermal method, which shows a satisfactory degradation rate (90%) and stability in degrading tetracycline. The improvement in the photocatalytic activity of the ternary hybrid photocatalyst is attributed to the Fe3O4 nanobelt and RGO. As a center of oxidation–reduction, the Fe3O4 nanobelt can utilize electrons effectively. RGO with good conductivity is an outstanding electron transporter, which inhibits the recombination of electron–hole pairs. Moreover, the results of the ESR and the radical capture experiment prove that h+ and ˙O2− are the major active species in the tetracycline removal process. At the same time, the degradation intermediates of tetracycline and the photocatalytic mechanism is discussed in this paper in depth. The novel design concept is expected to be used in practical applications.