TETRAHEDRON
·
2021
·
IF 2.457
Chao Xu,Ze He,Hongqin Yang,Hongyi Chen,Qingle Zeng
FeCl 3 -catalyzed three-component aryl-selenylation of alkenes with good to excellent yields has been disclosed. This method is characterized by synthesis of complicated products in a single-step reaction, simple operation and readily available commercially reagents. Finally, a reasonable mechanism of FeCl 3 -catalyzed aryl-selenylation is proposed.
研究领域:
有机化学
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2024
·
IF 1.3
Li Ziling,Shi Chundiao,Xiang Shengchang,Liu Chulong,Zheng Ximing
As an oral Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, upadacitinib shows good activity in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, especially for other drug-resistant and refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients. A key step in the synthesis of upadacitinib is the introduction of ethyl on the pyrroline ring. Here, a FeCl3/p-aminophenol catalyst system was used to increase the ethyl introduction for synthesis of pyrroline building blocks of upadaticinib. This catalytic system allows milder reaction conditions and increases the yield of this step by 25% compared to the existing reports, and the scale-up experiment is still effective. In addition, a possible FeII/FeIV catalytic mechanism for this reaction was also proposed.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
药物化学
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催化反应机制
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2015
·Vol. 3
·期 30
·15498-15504
·
IF 7.443
Xin Qi,Jin Qu,Hao-Bin Zhang,Dongzhi Yang,Yunhua Yu,Cheng Chi,Zhong-Zhen Yu
We report a facile and efficient approach to prepare graphene and FeCl3-intercalated few-layer graphene (FeCl3-FLG) with stage 1 FeCl3-graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) as a precursor by a non-oxidation process. The enlarged interlayer spacing by the intercalation of FeCl3 greatly weakens the interaction among graphite sheets and thus facilitates the exfoliation of FeCl3-GICs. By ultrasonic treatment, FeCl3-GICs are well exfoliated to graphene sheets (<2 nm) with a high yield of 100%, while the ultrasonication of pristine graphite is less efficient with a low yield (about 32%) of graphene sheets. By simply controlling the sonication time, FeCl3-FLG consisting of graphene sheets and sandwiched FeCl3 is also prepared, which exhibits a high capacity of 989 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles, fairly higher than that of the sonicated graphite (503 mA h g−1) and the theoretical value of graphite (372 mA h g−1). Furthermore, FeCl3-FLG still retains a reversible capacity as high as 539 mA h g−1 even at a current density of 1000 mA g−1. Therefore, the high reversible capacity, remarkable cycling stability and superior capability make FeCl3-FLG promising as anode materials for large-scale and high-capacity lithium ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
·
2017
·Vol. 18
·期 3
·1020-1028
·
IF 2.522
Gao Jianbo,Zhao Jie,Dong Changxun,Wu Longhua,Hu Pengjie
Purpose Batch extraction experiments were conducted to investigate the chemical washing of metal-contaminated paddy soils using mixtures of ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) and citric acid (CTA). Materials and methods The effects of the extractants (FeCl 3 , CTA, or FeCl 3 + CTA) and washing cycles (single-step or multistep washing) on the metal removal efficiency were studied. FeCl 3 + CTA increased metal removal efficiency to some extent compared to single FeCl 3 or CTA. When the liquid-to-solid ratio was 2:1 with three washes and two rinses, a mixture of 10 mmol L −1 FeCl 3 and 20 mmol L −1 CTA removed 78.9% Cd, 15.8% Cu, 34.0% Zn, and 18.1% Pb from a Typic Fe–accumuli–Stagnic Anthrosols. Using multistep washing instead of single-step increased the metal extraction effect. Moreover, the removal efficiency and speciation of metals in different soils and changes in soil properties in washed soils were also studied. Results and discussion The removal rate of Cd was higher than that of Zn, Cu, or Pb because of the higher proportions of acid-soluble forms of Cd in the soils. The removal of metals from different soils depended on the distribution of metal speciation and soil type. Soil pH, CEC, exchangeable Ca, and exchangeable Mg decreased significantly after soil washing. Conclusions We conclude that chemical washing of metal-contaminated paddy soils with mixtures of FeCl 3 and citric acid may be a feasible technique for soil remediation.
研究领域:
土壤科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2021
·
IF 8.001
Junwei Yao,Xiaobao Xie,Qingshan Shi
In this work, we report that FeCl 3 , a benign Lewis acid, could be used as a catalyst in the γ-valerolactone (GVL)/H 2 O solvent system to facilitate efficient pretreatment of Chinese silvergrass. The results showed that approximately 87.8% of xylan and 75.8% of lignin were removed by 80% GVL under 170 °C using 50 mM FeCl 3 as a catalyst. The solubilized carbohydrate fractions in the pretreatment liquor were mainly composed of monosaccharides (glucose and xylose) rather than oligosaccharides (glucose oligomers and xylose oligomers) and inhibitors (furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, formic acid and acetic acid). Moreover, FeCl 3 decreased the transesterification of GVL with hydroxyl groups on the cellulose surface and resulted in more easily degraded cellulose. Approximately 96.5% of cellulose and 92.2% of xylan in the pretreated Chinese silvergrass were converted to fermentable monosaccharides by 10 FPU/g cellulases . This study indicated that FeCl 3 -catalyzed GVL solvent could efficiently deconstruct biomass and increase the cellulose digestibility, which provided a novel, GVL-based pretreatment system for processing biomass.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生资源与环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2020
·
IF 3.573
Yangfeng Xia,Xing Zhang,Long Liu,Haiyun Sun,Guoying Zhao,Yanqiang Zhang
Pyrazoline derivatives as valuable five-membered heterocyclic compounds could be readily prepared through the intramolecular cyclization of ketazines. In this paper, transition metals (Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+) were applied for the catalytic synthesis of 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-pyrazoline, and FeCl3 showed the best catalytic performance with 95% conversion and 99% selectivity. Substrate screening exhibited that the steric hindrance of ketazines is a key factor on the conversions of R-substituted pyrazolines, following the order of R as methyl (95%) > ethyl (83%) > propyl (68%) > butyl (55%). Moreover, the mechanism of the cyclization of ketazines catalyzed by FeCl3 is calculated by density functional theory. The energetic profile shows that the cyclization reaction consists of two steps and FeCl3 can efficiently reduce their barrier energies. This work provides a feasible method for the preparation of pyrazoline derivatives using inexpensive, less toxic, and environmentally friendly FeCl3 as a catalyst.
研究领域:
有机化学
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催化化学
·
理论化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2021
·
IF 6.953
Bin Liang,Yuhuan Deng,Xingtang Liang,Xiunan Cai,Yanjuan Zhang,Yanzhen Yin,Huayu Hu,Zuqiang Huang,Yuben Qin
In this work, a combined mechanical activation and FeCl 3 (MA + FeCl 3 ) method was applied to pretreat chitin to enhance the degree of hydrothermal carbonization. MA + FeCl 3 pretreatment significantly disrupt the crystalline region of chitin and Fe 3+ entered into the molecular chain, resulting in the destruction of the stable structure of chitin. The chemical and structural properties of hydrochars were characterized by EA, SEM, FTIR , XRD , XPS , 13 C solid state NMR , and N 2 adsorption-desorption analyses. The results showed that the H/C and O/C atomic ratios of HC-MAFCT/230 (the hydrochar derived from MA + FeCl 3 pretreated chitin with hydrothermal reaction temperature of 230 °C) were 0.96 and 0.34, respectively. Van Krevelen diagram indicated that the hydrothermal carbonization of chitin underwent a series of reactions such as dehydration, decarboxylation , and aromatization . HC-MAFCT/230 had abundant oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups. HC-MAFCT/230 exhibited a porous structure, with the specific surface area of 128 m 2 g −1 , which was a promising carbon material.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2021
·
IF 5.302
Peng-an Zong,Zhengdong Mao,Yixiang Ou,Taifeng Shi,Zhiweng Wang,Qihao Zhang,Peng Zhang,Chunlei Wan
Filling the icosahedral lattice holes of the cage-compound CoSb 3 with alkali, alkaline-earth and rare-earth metal atoms can endow CoSb 3 with the transport characteristic of "phonon-glass-electron-crystal". However, the filler atoms greatly increase the cost in raw material as well as fabrication complexity. In this work, we embedded FeCl 3 -intercalated graphene nanolayers into polycrystalline CoSb 3 by a solution-dispersion method combined with spark plasma sintering technology. The graphene nanosheets were mainly distributed in grain boundaries. Due to the increased carrier concentration and mobility, the electrical conductivity was improved. Meanwhile, due to the enhanced interfacial phonon scattering, the lattice thermal conductivity was effectively suppressed. The thermoelectric figure of merit of the nanocomposite reached 0.6 at a mass content of 0.2 % FeCl 3 -intercalated graphene nanolayers, outperforming all reported values of binary CoSb 3 based nanocomposites, and even comparable to that of commercially used filled p-type Fe 3 CoSb 12 . This work provides a promising strategy for low-cost fabrication of p-type skutterudites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2014
·
IF 3.84
Ying Zhang,Bo Fu,Kuixue Liu,Yupeng Zhang,Xu Li,Shanpeng Wen,Yu Chen,Shengping Ruan
FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) with different FeCl 3 content was prepared and characterized by XRD , SEM and XPS . The humidity sensing properties of FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) have been investigated. Compared with NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti), FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) was more effective in the humidity sensing. The optimal mixing ratio was FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) (8 wt%), which exhibited the best linearity. The impedance of FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) (8 wt%) decreases by almost three orders of magnitude in the range of 11%-95% RH. The response time and recovery time of the humidity sensor by FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) (8 wt%) are 11 s and 86 s respectively. These results indicate the potential application of FeCl 3 -NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) in humidity sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
·
纳米材料
·
功能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Hemin Li,Yuefeng Deng,Ji Chen
Lithium is becoming one of the most eye-catching metal elements in modern industry, mainly because of its crucial role in manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. The demand for lithium in the new energy market is burgeoning significantly, while enormous lithium resources reserved in salt lakes in northwest China are not exploited effectively, due to the high Mg/Li mass ratio. Although the TBP extraction system has been applied in lithium extraction from salt lake brines, there are still some problems to be solved, such as its high solubility, easy degradation, and so on. In this work, a novel low dissolution loss extraction system was developed, with DEHEHP and FeCl 3 serving as extractant and co-extractant, respectively. A real brine from Da Qaidam Lake was used to prove its practicality and effectiveness. After studying the detailed conditions of each process, a whole countercurrent process was performed, including eight stages of extraction, two stages of scrubbing, three stages of stripping, and regeneration. It was found that 99.4% of Li + was successfully recovered from the brine, and the stripping liquor contained 22.74 g/L Li + , 0.51 g/L Mg 2+ , and 3.16 g/L B. The concentration of Li + increased approximately 20-fold while the Mg/Li mass ratio decreased by a factor of 3900, from real brine to stripping liquor. High-purity (>98.5%) lithium carbonate products were prepared from the stripping liquor by precipitation. The dissolution loss of the organic phase in the raffinate was only 22.5 ppm, much lower than published works. Finally, the mechanism of extraction and co-extraction were systematically studied and the structure of the complex formed during extraction was revealed as LiFeCl 4 ·2DEHEHP.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Zhao Zhao,Yan Li,Ziyu Chen,Chengzong Li,Haibin Zeng,Chengming Du,Tao Li
Traditional recycling technologies for spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 , LFP) usually suffer from issues such as complex procedures, heavy chemical consumption, and limited economic viability. Herein, we propose a method combining FeCl 3 leaching and spray pyrolysis for the high-value-added recycling of spent LFP. Using FeCl 3 as leaching agent, over 99 % of Li is selectively leached out within 30 min with a solid-liquid ratio up to 300 g L −1 . The resulting leaching residue (FePO 4 ) serves as a precursor for the synthesis of new LFP. Subsequently, the Li and Fe-containing leachate undergoes a spray pyrolysis process, yielding a pyrolysis powder comprising LiCl and Fe 2 O 3 . Through a water-leaching procedure, the separation of LiCl and Fe 2 O 3 is achieved based on their distinct solubility in water. The resulting high-purity LiCl solution and Fe 2 O 3 residue are directly utilizable for producing battery-grade Li 2 CO 3 and LFP cathodes, respectively. LFP/C cathodes, synthesized using the recovered Li 2 CO 3 and FePO 4 precursor, exhibit an impressive 99.8 % capacity retention after 200 cycles at a 1C rate. This method holds great economic and environmental benefits by producing high-value-added products while avoiding the consumption of acids or alkalis.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 15
·8313-8323
·
IF 3.917
Wang Chao,Yang Guihua,Zhang Xueming,Shao Lupeng,Lyu Gaojin,Mao Jianzhen,Liu Shijie,Xu Feng
Levulinic acid (LA) production from corncob acid hydrolysis residues (CAHR) using FeCl 3 as Lewis acid catalyst in green solutions of salt was investigated. The reaction kinetic relationships were determined in the temperature range of 160–180 °C, with FeCl 3 concentrations of 0.12–0.36 M, and a reaction time of 0–60 min. The maximum LA concentration of 59.0 mol% (24.5 g/L) was achieved at 170 °C in a 30% NaCl solution containing 0.24 M FeCl 3 . A pseudo first-order kinetic model was proposed to describe the cellulose deconstruction to LA. The model agreed perfectly with the evolution in the concentrations of the major compounds such as glucose, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and LA during the CAHR hydrolysis. The kinetic model developed for CAHR was in good agreement with that previously developed for other lignocellulosic systems. Based on our kinetic model and reaction system, the LA yield is increased at the lower end of the temperature range with the higher acid concentrations. The results indicated that the concentrated seawater after desalination could be a green solvent in the biorefinery.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
生物技术
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）