EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Haoze Song,Jing Liang,Yuanyuan Guo,Yang Liu,Kuiru Sa,Guohong Yan,Wen Xu,Wei Xu,Lixia Chen,Hua Li
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is the most promising target for inducing ferroptosis . GPX4-targeting strategies primarily focus on inhibiting its activity or adjusting its cellular level. However, small inhibitors have limitations due to the covalent reactive alkyl chloride moiety, which could lead to poor selectivity and suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) by connecting RSL3, a small molecule inhibitor of GPX4, with six different ubiquitin ligase ligands. As a highly effective degrader, compound 18a is a potent degrader (DC 50, 48h = 1.68 μM, D max, 48h = 85 %). It also showed an obvious anti-proliferative effect with the IC 50 value of 2.37 ± 0.17 μM in HT1080. Mechanism research showed that compound 18a formed a ternary complex with GPX4 and cIAP and induced the degradation of GPX4 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system pathway. Furthermore, compound 18a also induced the accumulation of lipid peroxides and mitochondrial depolarization, subsequently triggering ferroptosis. Our work demonstrated the practicality and efficiency of the PROTAC strategy and offered a promising avenue for designing degraders to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
药物化学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 21
·期 7
·727-735
·
IF 20.479
Jia Mutian,Qin Danhui,Zhao Chunyuan,Chai Li,Yu Zhongxia,Wang Wenwen,Tong Li,Lv Lin,Wang Yuanyuan,Rehwinkel Jan,Yu Jinming,Zhao Wei
Stimulator-of-interferon genes (STING) is vital for sensing cytosolic DNA and initiating innate immune responses against microbial infection and tumors. Redox homeostasis is the balance of oxidative and reducing reactions present in all living systems. Yet, how the intracellular redox state controls STING activation is unclear. Here, we show that cellular redox homeostasis maintained by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is required for STING activation. GPX4 deficiency enhanced cellular lipid peroxidation and thus specifically inhibited the cGAS–STING pathway. Concordantly, GPX4 deficiency inhibited herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1)-induced innate antiviral immune responses and promoted HSV-1 replication in vivo. Mechanistically, GPX4 inactivation increased production of lipid peroxidation, which led to STING carbonylation at C88 and inhibited its trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. Thus, cellular stress–induced lipid peroxidation specifically attenuates the STING DNA-sensing pathway, suggesting that GPX4 facilitates STING activation by maintaining redox homeostasis of lipids.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
细胞生物学
·
病毒学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
OTOLOGY & NEUROTOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 1.9
Li Yingying,Xu Hui,Shi Jinping,Li Cong,Li Mengxin,Zhang Xiaoling,Xue Qing,Qiu Jingjing,Cui Limei,Sun Yan,Song Xicheng,Chen Liang
Background Gentamicin is a commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotic, with ototoxicity as a significant side effect. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, has been implicated in a variety of disorders. Whether ferroptosis impacts gentamicin ototoxicity is not yet known. The current work used an in-vitro model to examine the influence of gentamicin-induced ferroptosis on cochlear hair cell damage and probable molecular biological pathways. Methods House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells were treated with different concentrations of gentamicin for 24 hours, with or without ferrostatin-1 pretreatment, to observe gentamicin-induced ferroptosis. The role of p53/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling in gentamicin-induced ferroptosis was explored by pretreating cells with the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT-α). We investigated the effect of gentamicin on cells by assessing cell viability. Cellular proteins were isolated and Western blots were performed to detect changes in the expression of p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4. Fluorescence staining was used to assess levels of reactive oxygen species. An enzymatic detection kit was used to detect glutathione, Fe, and malondialdehyde markers. Results Gentamicin reduced cell viability, glutathione content, and SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein levels, and increased levels of p53 protein, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and Fe. These effects were largely blocked by pretreatment with ferrostatin-1. Pretreatment with the p53 inhibitor PFT-α prevented the gentamicin-induced reduction in SLC7A11 and GPX4, which alleviated several features of ferroptosis including glutathione depletion, iron overload, and lipid peroxidation build-up. Conclusion Gentamicin induces ferroptosis in the HEI-OC1 cell line, and the mechanism may be related to the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
研究领域:
耳科学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
·
2025
·
IF 11.5
Jian Xiao,Nana Feng,Qiushi Li,Xianghui Cao,Qingqing Huang,Biyu Zhou,Zhenrui Fan,Liping Wei,Yang Liu
Ferroptosis is gaining attention as a potential cancer immunotherapy strategy, as it can stimulate antitumor responses by enhancing dendritic cell (DC) activation and the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). However, cancer cells often develop resistance to ferroptosis, reducing the effectiveness of existing treatments. This study demonstrates a novel mitochondria-targeted ferroptosis inducer, designated mitoFePDA@R, which is engineered to achieve a “closed-loop” cancer immunotherapy strategy of ferroptosis induction, antitumor immune activation, and ferroptosis enhancement. In this strategy, mitoFePDA@R is designed to release Fe 2+ and the mitoGPX4 inhibitor RSL3 within tumor mitochondria, thereby effectively inducing ferroptosis and activating strong antitumor immune responses. Additionally, interferon γ ( IFN-γ) released from CTLs inhibits GSH synthesis, which further enhances the ferroptosis sensitivity of tumor cells to form a “closed-loop” strategy. In vitro studies indicated that mitoFePDA@R induced strong ferroptosis in tumor cells by accumulating lipid peroxides (LPO) in mitochondria (which lacks mitochondria targeting). Animal studies confirmed that mitoFePDA@R effectively triggered ferroptosis and activated subsequent antitumor immune responses, leading to significant tumor growth inhibition. This provides a viable and effective strategy for ferroptosis-associated cancer immunotherapy.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
免疫学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Yu Shi,Yi Zhao,Si-Jia Sun,Xiu-Ting Lan,Wen-Bin Wu,Zhen Zhang,Yu-Xin Chen,Yu-Ying Yan,Yu-Ping Xu,Dong-Jie Li,Hui Fu,Fu-Ming Shen
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal cardiovascular disease, closely related to inflammation and loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death associated with peroxidation of lipids. However, the direct role of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) itself determined ferroptosis in the course of AAA pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we reported that ferroptosis was triggered in human AAA, elastase- and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced mouse AAA, and Ang II-incubated VSMCs. Inhibition of ferroptosis via global genetic overexpression of GPX4, a critical anti-ferroptosis molecule, markedly prevented both vascular remodeling and inflammatory response. Mechanistically, GPX4 changed the migration and activation of macrophages/monocytes in AAA tissues in mice. Experiments in vitro demonstrated that overexpression of GPX4 prevented the JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in VSMCs induced by IL-6, production of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Finally, the role of ferroptosis was confirmed on an Ang II-induced mice AAA model. These results emphasized the significance of ferroptosis in AAA, and provided novel insights that therapy focusing on GPX4 might be a promising strategy for treatment of AAA in the clinic.
研究领域:
心血管疾病
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Arabian Journal of Chemistry
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Chenwei Xiong,JingJing Shang,Zhentang Yu,Junjie Zhang,Kaisong Miao,Changlin Yu,Yong Huang,Yiping Weng,Xindie Zhou
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage or inflamed joints. Britanin is a guaiacyl-type sesquiterpene lactone possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Methods In this study, western blotting, Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescent staining method were used to clarifying the molecular mechanisms of britanin in alleviating chondrocyte ferroptosis. The effect of britanin on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels in chondrocytes was examined by Dihydroethidium (DHE) stain and fluorescent dye BODIPY581 / 591 C11. The destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) model was used to mimic OA, then britanin was injected into the knee articular cavity. The morphological analysis was performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Safranin O-Fast green staining and Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis and Immunofluorescence assay was conducted to verify the effect of britanin in vivo . Results The results revealed that britanin treatment regulates the expression of chondrocyte extracellular matrix–related factors, such as ADAMTS5, MMP13, SOX9, aggrecan, and COL2A1. Britanin also significantly reversed the influence of interleukin (IL)-1β on the levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and upregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Erastin could alleviate the effects of britanin on chondrocytes. Moreover, britanin could prevent IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis in chondrocytes. Britanin also upregulated the expression of nuclear factor E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes, and Nrf2 activator played a similar role as that of britanin in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Furthermore, injecting britanin into the knee joints of OA rats alleviated cartilage destruction caused by surgical resection. Conclusions These findings confirmed that britanin can inhibit ferroptosis in OA chondrocytes through the Nrf2-GPX4 pathway. Thus, britanin has the potential to be developed as a drug for OA therapy.
研究领域:
医学
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Li Yue,Li Hailan,Sun Minhui,Chen Hong,Xiao Yao,Wang Jieman,Zhang Yuanyuan,Fang Shuhua,Kou Junping
Silibinin (Sil) is a major bioactive component of silymarin, extracted from the fruit and seeds of Silybum marianum . Silibinin meglumine (SM) is a water-soluble derivative of silibinin that has shown significant potential in liver fibrosis. However, the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of SM on acute liver failure (ALF) are still not fully understood. This study aims to find the likely mechanism. An ALF mouse model and a cell model were established with GalN/LPS. SM was administered to mice via the tail vein or to a hepatocyte line (alpha mouse liver 12, AML12). The results showed that SM particularly lowered the mortality and improved liver pathological lesions in ALF mice. Meanwhile, SM improved the levels of GSH, SOD, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the liver tissues and serum. Additionally, SM enhanced cell viability and reduced oxidative stress in vitro. In the AKT/GSK3β/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, the subpathway of AKT/GSK3β was inhibited, and the subpathway of Nrf2/GPX4 was activated by SM both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, and the silencing of AKT using siRNA weakened the protective effect of SM, indicating that this process is mediated in an AKT-dependent manner. All the results suggested that SM inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating the AKT/GSK3β/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.
研究领域:
药理学
·
肝脏病学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 3.3
Miao Xing,Xiaoyu Ma,Xi Wang,Haoze Wang,Minjuan Xie,Ziwen Zhang,Jie Zhou
Emodin has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological activities. However, emodin has also been reported to induce nephrotoxicity at high doses and with long-term use, and the underlying mechanism has not been fully disclosed. The current study aimed to investigate the roles of oxidative stress and ferroptosis in emodin-induced kidney toxicity. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with emodin, and NRK-52E cells were exposed to emodin in the presence or absence of treatment with Jagged1, SC79, or t-BHQ. Emodin significantly upregulated the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde, and Fe 2+ , reduced the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and induced pathological changes in the kidneys in vivo. Moreover, the viability of NRK-52E cells treated with emodin was reduced, and emodin induced iron accumulation, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and lipid peroxidation and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential ( ΔΨm ). In addition, emodin treatment downregulated the activity of neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1), reduced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 protein levels. However, Notch1 activation by Jagged1 pretreatment, Akt activation by SC79 pretreatment, or Nrf2 activation by t-BHQ pretreatment attenuated the toxic effects of emodin in NRK-52E cells. Taken together, these results revealed that emodin-induced ferroptosis triggered kidney toxicity through inhibition of the Notch1/Nrf2/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis.
研究领域:
药理学
·
毒理学
·
细胞生物学
·
肾脏生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2025
·
IF 3.7
Qiyu Yang,Chunyan Wang,Jingwei Cao,Zhanbin Tang,Shurong Duan
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with the highest rates of mortality and residual disability. To date, effective treatments to delay or prevent ICH are still lacking. Multiple forms of neuronal cell death have been discovered following ICH, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) has been identified to act as a protective factor in ferroptosis. However, whether AKR1C1 was involved in the development of ICH was unknown. In this study, the left cerebral striatum of the Sprague-Dawley rat was injected with collagenase type IV to induce an in vivo model. Primary rat cortical neurons treated with oxygen hemoglobin (OxyHb) were applied to as an in vitro model. AKR1C1 was found to be downregulated and immunoreactivity colocalized with NeuN-positive neurons in the perihematomal region. Rats injected with lentiviral particles overexpressing AKR1C1 showed the reduction of cerebral hematoma and the remission of blood-brain barrier disruption. Moreover, AKR1C1 upregulation repressed cell apoptosis and ferroptosis induced by ICH through downregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, inhibiting iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, along with increasing the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). The results of in vitro assays were consistent with results from the in vivo . Mechanistically, P53 overexpression augmented the cellular damage in OxyHb-stimulated neurons when AKR1C1 was overexpressed. Taken together, AKR1C1 improves ICH injury by inhibiting neuronal cell death via negatively regulating P53 expression and affecting the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.
研究领域:
神经科学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 3.9
Zhang Yuxi,Zhan Junbiao,Qiu Zhen,Tian Hao,Lei Shaoqing,Huang Qin,Xue Rui,Sun Qian,Xia Zhongyuan
Myocardial cold ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable consequence of heart transplantation, significantly affecting survival rates and therapeutic outcomes. Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) has been shown to regulate GPX4-mediated ferroptosis, playing a critical role in mitigating I/R injury. Meanwhile, verbascoside (VB), an active compound extracted from the herbaceous plant, has demonstrated myocardial protective effects. In this study, heart transplantation was performed using a modified non-suture cuff technique, with VB administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection for 3 days in vivo. In vitro, cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 50 µg/ml VB for 24 h. VB treatment significantly reduced histopathological injury, decreased myocardial injury markers, and inhibited ferroptosis and oxidative stress during myocardial cold I/R injury in vivo. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that GDF15 alleviates ferroptosis induced by hypoxic reoxygenation by upregulating GPX4. Therefore, it is concluded that VB preconditioning can effectively reduce ferroptosis induced by myocardial cold I/R after heterotopic heart transplantation, possibly through up-regulation of GDF15/GPX4/SLC7A11 pathway.
研究领域:
心血管病学
·
药理学
·
移植学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Junling An,Hao Li,Wenjing Wen,Gaojian Liu,Zixuan Huang,Xinwei Zhao,Gaofeng Liang
Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), presents significant therapeutic challenges due to factors such as drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, offers a promising alternative to overcome these challenges. This study investigates the use of folic acid-modified iron oxide nanoparticles as a delivery system for miR-214-3p to promote ferroptosis in liver cancer cells. The folic acid modification enhances the efficiency of nanoparticle-mediated miR-214-3p delivery, thereby improving its therapeutic potential. miR-214-3p plays a dual role in promoting ferroptosis: first, by downregulating lipocalin-2 (LCN2), it acts synergistically with iron oxide nanoparticles to increase intracellular iron levels, reduce iron excretion, and promotes the Fenton reaction; second, by inhibiting glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), it weakens cellular antioxidant defenses, further promoting ferroptosis. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that the folic acid-modified nanoparticles effectively delivered miR-214-3p, resulting in significant ferroptosis in liver cancer cells. Animal models showed that FeNP/miR could effectively target tumors and had excellent tumor suppressive effects. This research highlights a promising approach for targeting HCC through enhanced nanoparticle-based gene therapy, offering a potential strategy in cancer treatment.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
分子生物学
·
纳米医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LIFE SCIENCES
·
2020
·
IF 3.647
Shujun Wang,Wei Liu,Jin Wang,Xia Bai
Curculigoside (CUR) is natural ingredient from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn with multiple biological activities. However, whether CUR protects from ulcerative colitis (UC) and underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, mice challenged with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were established and administrated with CUR for 7 days. Then histological pathologies and ferroptosis regulators were determined in vivo . The ferroptotic IEC-6 cells were prepared to investigate the underlying mechanism of CUR. Results showed that CUR inhibited the disease activity index, histological damage and cell death in mice with colitis. We also found that ferroptosis was induced in mice with colitis, as evidenced by iron overload, GSH depletion, ROS and MDA production, accompanied by decreased expression of SOD and GPX4. CUR treatment significantly reversed these alterations of ferroptotic features in DSS-induced mice. Furthermore, similar effects of CUR on ferroptosis were observed in IEC-6 cells under the combined treatment of H 2 O 2 and iron chloride hexahydrate. Interestingly, we found that CUR could increase the selenium sensitivity and promote GPX4 transcription level in IEC-6 cells. Knockdown of GPX4 significantly blocked the protective effects of CUR on cell death, GSH and MDA contents as well as LDH activity in ferroptotic IEC-6 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that CUR protects against ferroptosis in UC by the induction of GPX4, which presents a potential agent for UC treatment.
研究领域:
药理学
·
胃肠病学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）