Agronomy-Basel
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2024
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·626
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IF 3.3
Shuaiqi Zhao,Wanglong Miao,Sheng Sheng,Xin Pan,Ping Li,Weihong Zhou,Fuan Wu
Cadmium (Cd) is the most serious heavy metal pollutant in the agricultural soil of China and can transfer and accumulate through the food chain and affect the growth, development and physiological processes of phytophagous insect.Glyphodes pyloalisWalker (G. pyloalis) is one of the most important pests of mulberry, and there are few studies on the adverse effects of heavy metals on insects, especially mulberry pests. To understand the toxicology of Cd exposure onG. pyloalis, we investigated the effects of three different concentrations of Cd (0, 3.89 and 51.69 mg/kg, labeled as control check (CK), low dose (LD) and high dose (HD)) on the development and detoxification mechanism ofG. pyloalisand explored the molecular mechanism of Cd onG. pyloalislarvae using RNA-seq technology. Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with the CK, a total of 63 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in LD exposure, including 24 upregulated and 39 downregulated candidates. In CK versus HD groups, 395 upregulated DEGs and 436 downregulated DEGs were identified and the expression patterns of 12 genes related to detoxification and metabolism were verified using qPCR. These DEGs were relevant to multiple specific peroxisome and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 pathways. Gene annotation and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that a high concentration of Cd significantly stimulated the expression of metabolic detoxification enzyme genes. The results revealed that Cd exposure changed the pupal weight, adult emergence rate and the activities of AKP, ACP and GST inG. pyloalisand induced notable adverse effects at the molecular level on detoxification and metabolism such as concentration and time differences. In addition, we silencedCYP12A2by RNA interference. Bioassays showed that after silencingCYP12A2, the survival rate ofG. pyloalisunder Cd exposure was lower than that of the control group.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
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昆虫学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 3.963
Zhi-Xiang Liu,Xiao-Rong Xing,Xin-Hao Liang,Jian-hao Ding,Yi-Jiangcheng Li,Ying Shao,Fu-An Wu,Jun Wang,Sheng Sheng
Glyphodes pyloalis Walker is a destructive pest on mulberry trees and poses a significant threat to the sericultural industry in China. Phoxim and chlorfenapyr are two commonly used insecticides in mulberry fields. Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a multifunctional protein superfamily that plays important roles in the detoxification of insecticides and xenobiotic compounds in insects. However, whether GSTs participate in the tolerance of phoxim and chlorfenapyr in G. pyloalis is still unknown . To better understand the mechanism of insecticide tolerance in G. pyloalis , the enzymatic activity of GSTs was evaluated under phoxim and chlorfenapyr exposure, respectively. GST enzyme activity was significantly increased after 12, 36 and 48 h of phoxim treatment and 12, 24, 36 and 48 h of chlorfenapyr treatment. Subsequently, eighteen GST genes were identified from the larvae transcriptome of G. pyloalis . Among these, ten GpGSTs had GSH-binding sites and fifteen GpGSTs had variable hydrophobic substrate-binding sites. The expression levels of Delta-GpGST and Epsilon-GpGST genes were significantly influenced by phoxim and chlorfenapyr treatment, and by the time post insecticide application . Furthermore, after silencing GpGST-E4 , the mortality rate of G. pyloalis larvae was increased when they were exposed to chlorfenapyr, but it did not significantly alter when the larvae were exposed to phoxim. Our results indicated the vital roles of GpGSTs in the tolerance of insecticides and this action depends on the categories of insecticides. The present study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating insecticide susceptibility and promotes functional research on GST genes in G. pyloalis .
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
·
害虫防治
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Insects
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·370
·
IF 2.769
Zuo-min Shao,Jian-hao Ding,De-lei Jiang,Zhi-xiang Liu,Yi-jiangcheng Li,Jiao Wang,Jun Wang,Sheng Sheng,Fu-an Wu
Simple SummarySericulture has always been threatened byGlyphodes pyloalisWalker (G. pyloalis). Trehalase is an essential enzyme in chitin metabolism and energy supply. In this study, two trehalase genes inG. pyloalis(GpTre1andGpTre2) were identified and functionally analyzed. Knockdown of the two genes led to the significant downregulation of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes, the difficulty in molting of larvae, and the deformation of adult wings. Moreover, the trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A, treatment increasedGpTre1andGpTre2expression and affected the expressions of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes. The inhibitor also caused a significantly increased cumulative mortality of larvae. The results suggested thatGpTre1andGpTre2played a vital role onG. pyloalisdevelopment, which could be useful for providing information for insect pest control in the future.AbstractGlyphodes pyloalisWalker (G. pyloalis) is a serious pest on mulberry. Due to the increasing pesticide resistance, the development of new and effective environmental methods to controlG. pyloalisis needed. Trehalase is an essential enzyme in trehalose hydrolysis and energy supply, and it has been considered a promising target for insect pest control. However, the specific function oftrehalaseinG. pyloalishas not been reported. In this study, two trehalase genes (GpTre1andGpTre2) were identified from our previous transcriptome database. The functions of thetrehalasein chitin metabolism were studied by injecting larvae with dsRNAs and trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A. The open reading frames (ORFs) of GpTre1 and GpTre2 were 1,704 bp and 1,869 bp, which encoded 567 and 622 amino acid residues, respectively. Both ofGpTre1andGpTre2were mainly expressed in the head and midgut. The highest expression levels of them were in 5th instar during different development stages. Moreover, knockdown both ofGpTre1andGpTre2by the dsRNAs led to significantly decreased expression of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes, includingGpCHSA,GpCDA1,GpCDA2,GpCHT3a,GpCHT7,GpCHSB,GpCHT-h,GpCHT3b,GpPAGM,andGpUAP, and abnormal phenotypes. Furthermore, the trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A, treatment increased the expressions ofGpTre1andGpTre2, increased content of trehalose, and decreased the levels of glycogen and glucose. Additionally, the inhibitor caused a significantly increased cumulative mortality ofG. pyloalislarvae on the 2nd (16%) to 6th (41.3%) day, and decreased the rate of cumulative pupation (72.3%) compared with the control group (95.6%). After the activities of trehalase were suppressed, the expressions of 6 integument chitin metabolism-related genes decreased significantly at 24 h and increased at 48 h. The expressions ofGpCHSBandGpCHT-h, involved in chitin metabolism pathway of peritrophic membrane in the midgut, increased at 24 h and 48 h, and there were no changes toGpCHT3bandGpPAGM. These results reveal thatGpTre1andGpTre2play an essential role in the growth ofG. pyloalisby affecting chitin metabolism, and this provides useful information for insect pest control in the future.Keywords:Glyphodes pyloalisWalker;trehalase;chitin metabolism;Validamycin A;RNA interference;pest control
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
·
害虫防治
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 2.5
Cao Hongmei,Hu Guiping,Wei Hongyi,Wang Feng,Wang Junwen,Chen Lihui,Zeng Bing,Shuang Qiaoyun,Hu Yaogen
In modern agriculture, both the “3R” (Resistance/Residue/Resurgence) problems caused by chemical insecticides and the issue that commercial sex pheromone attractants only lure male moths have driven researchers to urgently seek safer and more environmentally friendly alternatives. In this study, dynamic headspace adsorption method combined with GC-MS was employed to collect and identify volatile organic compounds emitted by mulberry leaves from different cultivars selected by female Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Walker, 1859) for oviposition. Subsequently, qualitative screening of active components with oviposition-attracting effects on female G. pyloalis was conducted using an EAG apparatus, a three-arm olfactometer, a wind tunnel device, and field trapping experiments. The results indicate that female G. pyloalis exhibit a strong preference for oviposition on mulberry varieties JS, XJ5, SH1, and Y1. Among the identified leaf volatiles, four compounds inciuding Hexacosane, Butyl acrylate, (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol, and 4-Hexen-1-ol, 1- acetate, elicited significant EAG responses and behavioral attraction in female moths. Specifically, compared with the CK, Butyl acrylate at a concentration of 10.0 μg/μL and (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol at 100.0 μg/μL produced the highest responses, with EAG amplitudes of 689.90 × 10−3 mV and 620.22 × 10−3 mV, respectively, the selection rates of female moths to them were 78.95% and 76.19%. Further screening and verification experiments confirmed that the optimal ratio of the novel “female moth-specific attractant” was Butyl acrylate: (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol = 19.627%: 15.189%. These findings provide a scientific foundation for exploring the host location mechanism of female G. pyloalis during oviposition and developing novel biological control technologies.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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