ChemNanoMat
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2025
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IF 2.6
Mingjun Tang,Min Ling,Wenjing Ma,Wenqian Sheng,Wenjun Yan
Microemulsions are extensively utilized in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics due to their superior solubilizing capacity and protective capabilities. However, a longstanding critical issue with microemulsions is the quantitative relationship between the HLB value and the physicochemical properties. Herein, to quantify the effect of the HLB value on microemulsions, Juniperus chinensis Roxb. essential oil (CEO) microemulsions were fabricated. It is certified that HLB values between 8.5 and 11.5 correspond to the smallest biphasic regions, while values between 9.5 and 13.5 correspond to the largest monophasic regions. Besides, the phase evolution from lamellar structures to microemulsions was monitored by the Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) patterns. The physicochemical properties of the resulting emulsions, e.g., polydispersity indices (PDI), zeta potential, thermal stability, viscosity, and conductivity, were also investigated. The quantification of the effect of the HLB value on the formation of microemulsions will provide significant quantitative and theoretical guidance to researchers and industry professionals.
研究领域:
药剂学
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食品科学
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化妆品科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBON
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2025
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IF 11.6
Tianhao Zhang,Junjie Fan,Wenxiu Qiu,Xinyu Yuan,Jianwen Hu,Haotian Gao,Wenqing Xie,Chunling Li,Shuangqing Sun,Songqing Hu
This study reports the development of two pH-responsive Pickering emulsifiers utilizing carbon dots (CDs) as the core component. Both emulsifiers were fabricated via a post-synthetic method, involving the grafting of poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) onto the surface of CDs to create CD-based emulsifier. Notably, despite employing an identical synthetic route, the two CD-based emulsifiers exhibit markedly distinct pH-responsive behaviors. The findings demonstrate that both CD-based emulsifiers effectively stabilize Pickering emulsions, and their emulsification and demulsification behaviors can be precisely controlled by adjusting the pH, displaying excellent reproducibility in their pH-responsive performance. To elucidate the underlying reason for this differing pH-responsiveness, the concept of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) was introduced. The analysis of the HLB values of the two CD-based emulsifiers revealed that their hydrophilic-lipophilic properties exhibit opposite trends under differing pH conditions, contributing to their contrasting pH-responsive behaviors. This study not only lays a fundamental basis foundation and offers guidance for further research and applications of CD-based smart-responsive emulsifiers but also presents novel insights into design and development of more intelligent and functional emulsifying agents. Moreover, owing to the enhanced fluorescence characteristics of CDs, these pH-responsive emulsifiers hold significant potential for interdisciplinary applications, such as oil and gas exploration and fluorescent labelling.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS
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2024
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IF 1.6
Yifei Gao,Jian Wang,Dehua Xu,Yuxuan Lin,Wenbao Song,Yubo Wang,Fei Xu,Gang Chen
In this article, polyether-modified polysiloxanes were synthesized by the reaction of poly(methyl hydrogen siloxane) (PMHS) with Allyl alcohol polyether B-400. FT-IR, laser particle size analysis, hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) value test, and surface tension measurements were used to characterize its structures and properties. The results show that the control law for the HLB value of polyether-modified polysiloxanes was obtained as follow: the HLB value increases with increasing hydrogen content of PMHS. When the polyether-modified polysiloxanes were used to emulsify the polysiloxane, at the HLB value of 10.5, the average particle size of the emulsion was about 0.23 μm with a narrow particle size distribution. The emulsion has good emulsifying and dispersing properties, as well as excellent foam elimination and foam inhibition performance. When the cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) was used as a protective agent for the preparing of the polysiloxane defoamer, the stability of the emulsion does not affect, but its foam elimination and foam inhibition of emulsion can be further improved at the presence of CNF. The lowest surface tension of CNF-enhanced polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer is about 22.4 mN m −1 , which has good surface property. When the concentration of CNF-enhanced polyether-modified polysiloxane defoamer was 0.1 g L −1 , the foam elimination time and foam inhibition time were 5.8 s and 38 min, respectively, at the temperature (80°C) and alkali environment (pH 13).
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
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2023
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IF 2.4
Wen Xin,Wang Lei,Lai Xiao-juan,Liu Gui-ru,Yang Wen-wen,Gao Jin-hao,Liu Ya-meng
Emulsion polymerization is an effective means of synthesizing high-molecular-weight polymers in order to reduce the consumption of fossil energy. This paper adopts isoamyl octanoate to replace white oil as the continuous phase of emulsion polymerization to synthesize the high molecular weight polyacrylamide emulsion RSE. S-80 and T-80 were chosen as the emulsifiers, and the test results showed that the HLB value is 5.72 when S-80/T-80 is 6.5. When S-80/T-80 is 6.5, the HLB value is 5.72. Water and isoamyl octanoate can produce ultra-low interfacial tension and stable arrangement in the interfacial membrane to form a stable emulsion, and the particle size is uniformly distributed in a normal manner. The test of the exothermic process of polymerization shows that the emulsion can be stabilized into nuclei, and polyacrylamide polymers with a molar mass of more than 18 million are obtained. The microstructure test observes that RSE molecules are in an aggregated state in the aqueous solution. A three-dimensional spatial network structure is formed, and the polymerization can be stabilized in a three-dimensional network structure after 120 °C, 170 s −1 shear, which still has good stability. After the variable shear performance test proved that the aqueous solution of RSE belongs to the typical non-Newtonian fluids, to shock test the viscoelasticity of different concentrations of RSE polymer, G′ > G″, the RSE solution to elasticity is dominant. In this paper, the capacity to form stable emulsions of isoamyl octanoate in the emulsion polymerization process is investigated to provide a basis for seeking the selection of a continuous phase with little environmental pollution and high functionality.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Songxiang Zhu,Lingyun Kong,Yi Peng,Bowen Feng,Xin Xian
The disparity of the dielectric constants between asphalt and water gives rise to a non-uniform electrostatic field in the oil/water interaction environment, significantly undermining the stability of the oil-water interface. This study investigates interfacial stability mechanisms using laboratory experiments, molecular dynamics, and quantum mechanics simulations. Results show cationic emulsifiers (STAB and STAC) with HLB values of 7.85 demonstrate excellent hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, reducing interface surface tension by over 60 %. In contrast, anionic emulsifiers (KDS and SDBS) perform weaker at elevated temperatures. Cationic emulsifiers exhibit superior thermal conductivity with uniform heat distribution, reducing localized heat accumulation while enhancing system diffusivity, thereby preventing oil-water separation. The moderate HOMO-LUMO energy gap (6.540 eV) of cationic emulsifiers provides balanced reactivity and good interfacial stability, unlike KDS (7.447 eV) with lower reactivity and SDBS (4.241 eV) with intense electron transfer but increased separation risk. Anionic emulsifiers' high electrophilicity enables sulfonate groups to form strong hydrogen bonds with water molecules. In contrast, cationic emulsifiers' strong nucleophilicity allows nitrogen atoms to form stable bonds with halide ions (Br⁻, Cl⁻), enhancing oil-water interface stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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表面化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2025
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IF 5.2
Wei Wang,Mingan Zhou,Zhiqiao Wu,Hualin Lin,Bin Dai,Yuan Xue,Sheng Han
To cope with the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste of traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluids, this study optimized the performance of vegetable oil-based cutting fluids under hard water environment (hardness 450 mg L −1 , pH = 9) by response surface methodology (RSM), using soybean oil as the base oil and combining with Span 20 and Tween 80 composite surfactants. The experimental design used hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, surfactant concentration and soybean oil content as variables, as well as emulsion stability (particle size) and friction performance (wear scar diameter, WSD) as response values to construct a prediction model and verify its reliability. The results showed that the optimized cutting fluid formulation (HLB = 11.79, surfactant concentration 0.50 wt%, soybean oil content 10.06 wt%) exhibited excellent emulsion stability (particle size 573.8 nm, microscopically observed average particle size 2.48 μm) and friction performance (WSD = 0.506 mm) in the validation experiments. The emulsion has a lower coefficient of friction (25.7 % lower torque) and higher thermal conductivity than commercial cutting fluids. Microscopic characterization (DSC, rheological analysis) showed that its low-temperature fluidity and wettability were significantly better than that of pure water, and the contact angle was smaller. This research provided the theoretical and technological basis for the development of environmentally friendly and efficient hard water applicable cutting fluids to support the sustainable development goal of green manufacturing.
研究领域:
材料科学
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机械工程
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绿色制造
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表面化学
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润滑技术
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环境友好材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2021
·
IF 9.381
Xinyu Meng,Huan Liu,Yongmei Xia,Xueyi Hu
Strong hydrophilicity of polysaccharide and physicochemical instability of peptides limit application of polysaccharide-peptide mixtures in food industry. In this study, a natural resource platform of polysaccharide-peptide conjugates was constructed through Maillard reaction from chitosan and casein hydrophobic peptide. By choosing the molecular weight and deacetylation degree of chitosan and other reaction parameters, the conjugated chitosan-peptides possess extensive HLB values from 6 to 14 were obtained with grafting degree of 3.10%–15.08%. The conjugates have gained dramatically improved emulsifying ability, and endowed the emulsion higher antioxidant capacity than the peptide, chitosan and the mixture of peptide-chitosan has. Emulsions prepared with all conjugates exhibited long-term stability and strengthened tolerance towards temperature and electrolyte stimuli. This stable emulsion system also provided an effective encapsulation, protection and controlled release of curcumin, which may provide a method for transfer polysaccharides to stable emulsifiers with broader HLB values and application.
研究领域:
食品科学
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材料科学
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药学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2025
·
IF 11.3
Yu Yao,Xueming Qin,Yufeng Fu,Yeping Gao,Chengwu Zhang,Hui Zhang,Chuanyu Qin,Bing Qin,Liming Ren
Surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) is an effective strategy for removing dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) from contaminated groundwater. While Gemini surfactants possess unique dimeric structures and excellent physicochemical properties, the role of hydrophobic chain length in governing their solubilization performance has not been systematically clarified. Here, five sugar-based anionic–nonionic Gemini surfactants (SANG 06, 08, 09, 10, and 13) with different hydrophobic chain lengths were synthesized and evaluated. The surface activity, hydrophilic–lipophilic balance, and micellar behaviors were characterized, and the relationship between chain length and DNAPL solubilization was systematically investigated. Results showed that increasing hydrophobic chain length significantly influenced micelle formation and solubilization behavior. Among them, SANG 13, with the longest chain, exhibited the most favorable characteristics, including an extremely low critical micelle concentration (0.086 g/L), an optimal HLB value (16.85), and ultra-low interfacial tension with PCE (0.6 mN/m). It also formed the largest micelles (26.80 nm) and the highest aggregation number (Nagg=15.98 at 10 CMC), resulting in superior solubilization and desorption efficiencies for DNAPLs. This study provides the first systematic evidence of how hydrophobic chain length regulates the physicochemical properties and solubilization mechanisms of Gemini surfactants. The findings offer new insights into surfactant structure–function relationships and provide theoretical support for optimizing SEAR technology in DNAPLs-contaminated groundwater remediation.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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胶体与界面科学
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地下水修复
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有机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）