Nano-aluminum double coated with copper and HTPB by one pot method and its catalysis on AP
Organic-inorganic double-coated aluminum nanopowders (HTPB/Cu/nAl) were synthesized using a one-pot method. The morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The analysis revealed that Cu particles were uniformly dispersed around the nAl core, while HTPB formed a coating on the Cu/nAl surface. The thermal oxidation kinetics and catalytic effects on ammonium perchlorate (AP) were investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated a 9% increase in the active aluminum content of the double-coated nanopowders compared to uncoated nAl, and a reduction in the average activation energy for thermal oxidation from 297.75 kJ·mol-1 to 218.85 kJ·mol-1. The HTPB coating enhanced the friction and impact sensitivity of the Cu/nAl particles. Adding 5% HTPB/Cu/nAl to AP advanced the low- and high-temperature decomposition peaks by 5°C and 40°C, respectively, while reducing the activation energy of AP from 85.61 kJ·mol-1 to 79.79 kJ·mol-1. This addition significantly influenced the thermal decomposition of AP, improving combustion efficiency and enhancing compatibility within composite propellant formulations.
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