BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2019
·
IF 6.669
Yu-Hong Liu,Adili Alimujiang,Xiang Wang,Shan-Wei Luo,Srinivasan Balamurugan,Wei-Dong Yang,Jie-Sheng Liu,Lin Zhang,Hong-Ye Li
Haematococcus pluvialis is a main biological resource for the antioxidant astaxanthin production, however, potential modulators and molecular mechanisms underpinning astaxanthin accumulation remain largely obscured. We discovered that provision of ethanol (0.4%) significantly triggered the cellular astaxanthin content up to 3.85% on the 4th day of treatment. Amongst, 95% of the accumulated astaxanthin was esterified, particularly enriched with monoesters. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that ethanol altered cell wall structure and physiological properties. Antioxidant analyses revealed that astaxanthin accumulation offset the ethanol induced oxidative stress. Ethanol treatment reduced carbohydrates while increased lipids and jasmonic acid production. Transcriptomic analysis uncovered that ethanol orchestrated the expression of crucial genes involved in carotenogenesis, e.g. PSY, BKT and CRTR-b were significantly upregulated. Moreover, methyl jasmonic acid synthesis was induced and played a major role in regulating the carotenogenic genes. The findings uncovered the novel viewpoint in the intricate transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of astaxanthin biosynthesis.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Lili Zhang,Yan Li,Jing Gao
Haematococcus pluvialis is rich in astaxanthin ester (Ast 1 ) and free astaxanthin (Ast 2 ). The astaxanthin is natural antioxidant, and shows higher biodegradability and eco-friendly characteristics than commercial astaxanthin. However, the existing extraction technology is difficult to achieve selectively separation of Ast 1 and Ast 2 . Novel aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) composed of ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were developed to selectively extract Ast 1 and Ast 2 . The results showed that the ABS composed of tributyloctylphosphine chloride ([P 4448 ]Cl) and choline chloride: d -fructose ([ChCl][Fru]) performed best. The yield and partition coefficient of astaxanthin was 2.35 mg·g −1 and 103.59, respectively. Moreover, Ast 1 and Ast 2 could be selectively separately with the highest coefficient of specificity of 48.31. Furthermore, the ABS maintained an excellent extraction capacity after three cycles of recycling. As compared with organic solvent extraction and prior methods, the IL-DES ABS is more efficient, recyclable, and environmentally friendly for selectively extraction of astaxanthin.
研究领域:
生物技术
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
·
2017
·Vol. 124
·期 2
·469-479
·
IF 2.099
T. Cheng,X. Xu,W. Zhang,L. Chen,T. Liu
Aims To establish a proper protoplast-preparation route from enriched motile flagellates and nonmotile resting cells of Haematococcus pluvialis . Methods and Results Through cultivations in two mixotrophic media, enriched Haematococcus flagellates and resting cells were respectively produced and applied in enzymatic protoplast preparations. Great differences of enzymatic sensitivity and osmotic-lability were identified between them. Flagellates showed the same osmotic-lability as protoplasts and the extracellular matrix-removing rate was applied for an evaluation of protoplast-releasing. During the treatment of flagellates, an addition of more than 0·2 mmol l −1 Ca 2+ was found to be essential for maintenance of high cellular viability. More than 80% cellular viability and a 90% protoplast-releasing rate were obtained simultaneously after 2–3 h treatment of 0·06% proteinase K in 0·05 mol l −1 Tris-HCl (pH7·8) buffer with 0·2 mmol l −1 CaCl 2 and 0·2 mol l −1 sorbitol/mannitol. For resting cells, a treatment of both 0·12% proteinase K and a combination of 2% cellulase + 1% snailase could function similarly in order to degrade the cellulosic cell wall, while the protoplast yield was limited to about 40%, due to the existence of an undegradable secondary wall in the mature resting cell. Conclusion Proteinase K was efficient for protoplast-releasing from either flagellates or resting cells. Due to the great difference of enzymatic sensitivity and osmotic-lability between flagellates and resting cells, it was necessary to select a different enzymatic treating process based upon the main cell type in the culture. A better protoplast-preparing efficiency was obtained from Haematococcus cells when flagellates were in the majority. Significance and Impact of the Study The protoplast preparation of H. pluvialis was firstly established based on two main cell types of H. pluvialis , motile flagellates and nonmotile resting cells. Increase of flagellate stability and viable protoplast-preparing efficiency through addition of Ca 2+ in enzymatic solution was firstly reported.
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物技术
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植物科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Peng Zhang,Lan-Yi Lu,Shuang-Yan Liao,Gui-Ting Xu,Xin-Yi Liu,Zhang-Li Hu,Ying Xu,Li-Yan Wang
The microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis is a commercial source of natural astaxanthin. However, mature cells develop rigid three-layer wall structures and a repulsive odor. This study applied a liquid static fermentation system to screen hydrolyzing microorganisms for cell wall hydrolysis. Baijiu jiuqu and Gutian hongqu were found to have promising potential for application. The fermentation using 2% baijiu jiuqu and 2% glucose for pre-activation achieved comparable recovery of carotenoids to homogenizer disruption methods and produced stable fragrance which may be attributed to ethyl octanoate, hexyl formate, and phenethyl butyrate, as revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The abundance of astaxanthin molecules was slightly affected by fermentation with fold change < 2, while molecules with higher fold change (>10) were mainly carbohydrates, lipids, and steroids proving the safety of the fermentation. This study provides a new scheme for the biorefining of Haematococcus. pluvialis , potentially contributing to the industrial production of natural astaxanthin.
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物技术
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食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2022
·
IF 5.895
Xiang Wang,Jin-Hua Mou,Zi-Hao Qin,Ting-Bin Hao,Lan Zheng,Joseph Buhagiar,Yu-Hong Liu,Srinivasan Balamurugan,Yuhe He,Carol Sze Ki Lin,Wei-Dong Yang,Hong-Ye Li
The unicellular freshwater green alga Haematococcus pluvialis has attracted much research attention due to its biosynthetic ability for large amounts of astaxanthin, a blood-red ketocarotenoid that is used in cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. Recently, numerous studies have investigated the functions of natural astaxanthin; however, the high cost of the production of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis cultures restricts its commercial viability. There is an urgent need to fulfill commercial demands by increasing astaxanthin accumulation from H. pluvialis cultures. In this study, we discovered that treatment of H. pluvialis cultures at the beginning of the macrozooid stage (day 0) with 1 μM rac-GR24, a synthetic analogue of strigolactones (a class of phytohormones), led to significant increases in biomass [up to a maximum dry cell weight (DCW) of 0.53 g/L] during the macrozooid stage and astaxanthin (from 0.63 to 5.32% of DCW) during the hematocyst stage. We elucidated that this enhancement of biomass accumulation during the macrozooid stage by rac-GR24 is due to its increasing CO2 utilization efficiency in photosynthesis and carbohydrate biosynthesis. We also found that rac-GR24 stimulated the overproduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and antioxidant enzymes in H. pluvialis cultures, which alleviated the oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species generated during the hematocyst stage due to the exhaustion of nitrogen supplies. Moreover, rac-GR24 treatment of H. pluvialis synergistically altered the activity of the pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis and astaxanthin esterification, which resulted in larger amounts of astaxanthin being generated by rac-GR24-treated cultures than by controls. In summary, we have developed a feasible and economic rac-GR24-assisted strategy that increases the amounts of biomass and astaxanthin generated by H. pluvialis cultures, and have provided novel insights into the mechanistic roles of rac-GR24 to achieve these effects.
研究领域:
植物学
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植物化学
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生物技术
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药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6
Peihan Kang,Yunyang Zhang,Xiangdong Kong,Ruibo Zhao
Astaxanthin is a high-value ketocarotenoid with potent antioxidant activity and wide applications in nutraceutical, cosmetic, and aquaculture industries. The green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis represents the most promising natural source; however, its efficient production requires precise control of growth and stress conditions, while free cells remain susceptible to environmental and mechanical stress. Hydrogel encapsulation offers a protective microenvironment, yet conventional alginate systems are limited by poor mechanical stability and uncontrolled swelling. Here, we report calcium alginate-based biomimetic mineralized core-shell capsules for the encapsulation, cultivation, and high-light-induced astaxanthin production of H. pluvialis. Capsules were fabricated by ionic crosslinking of alginate containing KH2PO4 with a CMC/CaCl2 precursor solution, enabling in situ calcium phosphate formation within the capsule shell. Comprehensive characterization confirmed successful mineralization, reduced swelling, enhanced inorganic content, and improved mechanical strength. Encapsulated cells exhibited sustained growth and metabolic activity under moderate light without cytotoxic effects. Upon high-light exposure, both free and encapsulated cells showed a characteristic transition from green to red, accompanied by a significant increase in astaxanthin content. Notably, astaxanthin accumulation was comparable to that of controls. This study establishes a scalable encapsulation strategy that enhances structural stability without compromising biological function, offering potential for industrial microalgal cultivation and astaxanthin production.
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DOI
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 4.011
Shao Yongni,Gu Weimin,Jiang Linjun,Zhu Yiming,Gong Aiping
As an ideal raw material for the production of astaxanthin, H . pluvialis was drawing attention during the last few years, there are some research topics initiated to find out the synthetic pathway of astaxanthin in H . pluvialis . In this study, confocal microscopic Raman technology was utilized to analyze the point-by-point mapping for H . pluvialis , and the visualization of pigment such as carotenoid and astaxanthin content were achieved. By comparing the Raman spectra of H . pluvialis and standard product of astaxanthin, and using the C = C stretching vibration of the Raman intensity as the main indicator for carotenoids, the visual spatial distribution for the carotenoids content was obtained. The MCR-ALS was applied to analyze the Raman data of H . pluvialis , and the information of astaxanthin was extracted to achieve real-time spatial distribution. The visualization of astaxanthin content shows that MCR-ALS is very effective for extracting the information of astaxanthin content from H . pluvialis . By exploring the spatial distribution of carotenoids and astaxanthin contents, analyzing the spatial distribution rules during its growth, Raman spectroscopy technology can be utilized to investigate the internal components of the pigment (ataxanthin, etc.) in H . pluvialis , which make it as an effective methodology to monitor the accumulation and changing mechanism of pigment content in microalgae.
研究领域:
生物化学
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光谱学
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藻类研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 14.7
Tang Si,Liu Yaqing,Zhu Jianming,Cheng Xueyu,Liu Lu,Hammerschmidt Katrin,Zhou Jin,Cai Zhonghua
Understanding how organisms have adapted to persist in unpredictable environments is a fundamental goal in biology. Bet hedging, an evolutionary adaptation observed from microbes to humans, facilitates reproduction and population persistence in randomly fluctuating environments. Despite its prevalence, empirical evidence in microalgae, crucial primary producers and carbon sinks, is lacking. Here, we report a bet-hedging strategy in the unicellular microalga Haematococcus pluvialis . We show that isogenic populations reversibly diversify into heterophenotypic mobile and non-mobile cells independently of environmental conditions, likely driven by stochastic gene expression. Mobile cells grow faster but are stress-sensitive, while non-mobile cells prioritise stress resistance over growth. This is due to shifts from growth-promoting activities (cell division, photosynthesis) to resilience-promoting processes (thickened cell wall, cell enlargement, aggregation, accumulation of antioxidant and energy-storing compounds). Our results provide empirical evidence for bet hedging in a microalga, indicating the potential for adaptation to current and future environmental conditions and consequently conservation of ecosystem functions.
研究领域:
生物学
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生态学
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微生物学
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进化生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2019
·
IF 4.191
Yunchang Fan,Zeyu Niu,Chen Xu,Lei Yang,Feiyang Chen,He Zhang
Haematococcus pluvialis , a green microalga, can accumulate high level of astaxanthin which is regarded as a super antioxidant extensively used in cosmetics, poultry, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The difficult point for extraction of astaxanthin is how to break the thick resistant cell walls of Haematococcus pluvialis effectively. In this work, this difficulty was successfully solved by the biocompatible protic ionic liquids-based microwave-assisted liquid-solid extraction (PILs-MALSE). Ethanolammonium caproate (EAC), a PIL used in here, can strongly dissolve mannan, one of the main components of the cell walls of Haematococcus pluvialis , which can leave out the pretreatment process to disrupt the cell walls before extraction, thereby leading to fast extraction (extraction time, 50 s). Furthermore, EAC has the obvious advantages over the imidazolium-based ILs, such as low cost, easy synthesis, and excellent biocompatibility. The PILs-MALSE method is more effective for the extraction of astaxanthin compared with conventional extraction techniques.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
食品科学
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制药工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·Vol. 54
·期 2
·583-590
·
IF 2.383
Zhi-Wei Liu,Zhou Yue,Xin-An Zeng,Jun-Hu Cheng,Rana Muhammad Aadil
Summary Haematococcus pluvialis is a proficient source of natural antioxidant astaxanthin. However, the efficient extraction of astaxanthin from this microalga remains a great challenge due to the presence of the tough and non-hydrolysable cell walls. In this study, ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment was used for deconstruction of cell wall method. Imidazolium-based ILs exhibited higher cell disruption capability than pyridinium-based and ammonium-based ILs. After the ILs determination, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim] Cl) was the most efficient method for cell wall deconstruction that leads to the highest astaxanthin extractability. More than 80% astaxanthin was extracted from H. pluvialis under mild conditions (pretreatment with 40% IL aqueous solution at 35 °C, followed by methanolic extraction at 50 °C). In addition, [Bmim] Cl showed the excellent recyclability, and negligible loss of astaxanthin during IL pretreatment was observed. The present work demonstrates that the combination of IL pretreatment and organic solvent extraction was an energy efficient and eco-friendly process for the astaxanthin recovery from H. pluvialis .
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Wenjing Su,Wenhao Xu,Weike Su
In this study, a new method for efficient astaxanthin extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) by mechanochemistry was developed. The method is a water-based and water-reused one-pot procedure, which can simultaneously achieve cell wall breaking and astaxanthin extraction from H. pluvialis. In addition, the optimized process parameters were determined based on studies of different conditions; an elevated recovery of astaxanthin extraction yield (91.6 wt %) was achieved using 1 g of dried H. pluvialis and 4 mL of water at 200 rpm in 30 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 90 (m/m). The underlying mechanism revealed the extraction process by electron microscopy, thermodynamic analysis, spectroscopic determination, and particle size distribution analysis. The results of this study followed the sustainability criteria that include the concept of circular economy and contribute to the achievement of items 3, 6, 12, and 14 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.1 This method innovates a new way for green and gentle extraction of natural fatty-soluble substances.
研究领域:
生物工程
·
可持续发展
·
食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Yuya Liu,Fuzhen Liu,Zhan Wang,Huiling Huang,Jing Gao
The cell wall of Haematococcus pluvialis ( H. pluvialis ) is rich in polysaccharides. After astaxanthin extraction, cellulose and hemicellulose remain abundantly present in the residue, which could form chemical interactions of hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O) with dyes. In this study, H. pluvialis residue (HPR) was treated using acid deep eutectic solvent (DES) combined with cellulase at low temperature. The treatment parameters and adsorbent conditions were investigated to improve the removal rate of Congo red (CR) from water. The HPR-based biosorbent was characterized via SEM, FTIR, and elemental and BET analysis. After the treatment with choline chloride:p-toluenesulfonic acid (ChCl:pTSA) at 60 °C for 3 h and cellulase at 60 °C for 16 h, the specific surface area of the HPR was increased from 1.44 m 2 /g to 7.45 m 2 /g, while the pore volume increased from 0.0031 cm 3 /g to 0.0599 cm 3 /g, and the maximum removal rate of CR reached 95% with a dosage of 0.67 g/L. The adsorption kinetic was better described by pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir model provided the best fit and the maximum sorption capacity of 443.42 mg/g was recorded. The findings demonstrate that HPR treated with acid DES and cellulase can serve as an eco-friendly bioadsorbent for anionic dye removal.
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）