Li Danni,Guo Xin,Shao Xiang,Zhou Anhui,Zhu Lin,Zhang Yuting,Li Binbin,Du Yan,Cao Limei,Yang Ji
The electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) has shown significant promise in the field of refractory organic wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency and environmentally friendly nature. In this study, Ti/Sb-SnO 2 electrodes with varying proportions of Hf were prepared using the sol–gel method. The addition of Hf transformed the original collapsing and broken surface into a flat and regular surface. The results demonstrated that Ti/Sb-SnO 2 -Hf electrode doped with 6% Hf exhibited a higher oxygen evolution potential (OEP) and excellent stability. The OEP increased from 2.315 V without Hf-doping to 2.482 V, and the corresponding actual life was 321.05% higher than that without Hf. The current density (5–40 mA·cm −2 ), electrolyte concentration (0.02–0.2 mol·L −1 ), pH (3–11), and initial pollutant concentration (5–80 mg·L −1 ) were evaluated to confirm the tetracycline (TC) degradation characterization of Ti/Sb-SnO 2 -6%Hf electrodes. It was concluded that under the optimal degradation conditions, the removal rate of TC could reach 99.66% within 2 h. The degradation of TC follows first-order reaction kinetics. The oxidative degradation of TC was achieved through indirect oxidation, with ·OH playing a dominant role. TC’s electrochemical oxidation degradation pathway has been proposed: Based on LC–MS results, three main pathways are speculated. During the electrocatalytic oxidation process, decarboxylation, deamidation, and ring-opening reactions occur under ·OH attack, producing intermediate compounds with m/z values of 427, 433, 350, 246, 461, 424, 330, 352, 309, 263, and 233. These intermediates are further oxidized to intermediate compounds with an m/z value of 218. This work introduces a new efficient anode electrochemical catalyst for the degradation of TC, providing a strategy for industrial applications.
Xingxing Li,Yan Zhu,Nan Zhang,Yansheng Gong,Rui Wang,Huanwen Wang,Jun Jin,Ling Zhao,Beibei He
The development of symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells (SSOFCs) faces a significant challenge in designing electrode materials that exhibit both high activity and stability. In this work, a novel layered perovskite oxide symmetric electrode material PrBaFe 1.8 Hf 0.2 O 5+δ (PBFH) for SSOFCs is proposed and synthesized. Doping Hf at the B-site of PrBaFe 2 O 5+δ (PBF) improves the stability in reducing atmosphere and increases the concentration of oxygen vacancies . Furthermore, a small amount of RuO x is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) onto PrBaFe 1.8 Hf 0.2 O 5+δ scaffold as symmetric electrodes. The surface modification of ALD-RuO x significantly boosts the catalytic activity for both fuel oxidation and oxygen reduction, simultaneously. Compared to PBF electrodes, the interfacial polarization resistances of RuO x -PBFH decrease to 0.77 Ω cm 2 under H 2 /Ar and 0.021 Ω cm 2 under air atmosphere at 800 °C, respectively. At 800 °C, SSOFCs equipped with RuO x -PBFH symmetric electrodes exhibit a high peak power density of 0.85 W cm −2 and 0.41 W cm −2 using humidified hydrogen and propane as fuels, respectively. Moreover, the RuO x -PBFH electrode demonstrates long-lasting performance, displaying high resistance against coking. These findings reveal a facile ALD approach for tailoring symmetric perovskite electrodes, offering robust and efficient electrocatalysis with efficient noble metal utilization.
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