Weihua Ni,Yu Li,Jingyue Feng,Boxuan Liu,Hongyan Yuan,Guixiang Tai,Hongtao Bi
Hirsutella sinensis (H. sinensis), a non-sexual form of the valuable Chinese medicinal herb, demonstrates various biological activities, such as immune modulation and antioxidative capabilities. Nonetheless, the effects of bioactive polysaccharides derived fromH. sinensison colitis have yet to be investigated. In our prior research, we extracted a mannoglucan (HSWP-1d) fromH. sinensisand found that it attenuates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The present study investigated the protective effects of HSWP-1d against colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. The results demonstrate that HSWP-1d effectively ameliorates symptoms of colitis and preserves the intestinal barrier’s stability by enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins. The administration of HSWP-1d results in a reduction in oxidative stress through the augmentation of antioxidative enzyme activities, concomitant with the suppression of oxidative product generation. Simultaneously, HSWP-1d reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines while elevating the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, effectively mitigating the inflammatory response. Furthermore, HSWP-1d influences and alters short-chain-fatty-acid (SCFA) levels, thereby enhancing the intestinal microenvironment. In conclusion, HSWP-1d contributes to intestinal well-being and holds potential as both a therapeutic choice and a supplier of essential nutrients for the amelioration of colitis.
Hirsutella sinensis ( H. sinensis ), a substitute for a valuable edible and medicinal fungus, Cordyceps sinensis , is well known for its various of beneficial pharmacological properties. However, research on the effects of H. sinensis on colitis in mice is limited. In our previous studies, we carried out a systematic classification and structural identification of the polysaccharides in H. sinensis . Here, we utilized a murine model of colitis induced by a 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration to investigate the protective effects of the H. sinensis mycelium-derived starch-like polysaccharide (HSWP-1a) on colitis. Our findings demonstrate that HSWP-1a effectively mitigates DSS-induced weight loss, reduces colon tissue damage, increases tight junction protein expression, and restores intestinal barrier function. Notably, during this process, HSWP-1a reversed the DSS-induced increase in M1/M2 macrophage polarization and the Th17/Treg cell balance, ameliorating the DSS-induced decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokine expression while inhibiting the DSS-induced increase in proinflammatory cytokine levels and mediating immune tolerance to maintain local intestinal immune homeostasis. Furthermore, HSWP-1a is capable of regulating the intestinal microbiota, enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group , and reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria like Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria. HSWP-1a also restores the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) to maintain the balanced intestinal microenvironment. Overall, HSWP-1a achieves its colitis-protective effects through its ability to strengthen the intestinal barrier, regulate the immune system, and restore gut microbiota interactions. These findings suggest that HSWP-1a has potential as a valuable food supplement or nutritional health product for alleviating colitis.
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