The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of baicalin on controlling the pulmonary infection and improving the prognosis in influenza A virus (IAV) infection. PCR and western blot were used to measure the changes of some key factors in RLRs signaling pathway. MSD electrochemiluminescence was used to measure the expression of pulmonary inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, and KC/GRO. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg. The results showed that IAV infection led to low body weight and high viral load and high expression of RIG-I, IRF3, IRF7, and NF-κB mRNA, as well as RIG-I and NF-κB p65 protein. However, baicalin reduced the rate of body weight loss, inhibited virus replication, and downregulated the key factors of the RLRs signaling pathway. Besides, baicalin reduced the high expression inflammatory cytokines in lung and decreased the ratios of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg to arouse a brief but not overviolent inflammatory response. Therefore, baicalin activated a balanced host inflammatory response to limit immunopathologic injury, which was helpful to the improvement of clinical and survival outcomes.
Ke Yang,Jingyu Pan,Guoqing Deng,Changyi Hua,Cancan Zhu,Yong Liu,Ling Zhu
Mobile sensing enabled by MS 2 technology, which integrates microfluidic and smartphone components, has seen many applications in recent years. In this direction, we developed an MS 2 platform (an integrated kit) for nucleic acid assay, which included a chitosan-modified minimalistic microfluidic chip (CM 3 -chip), a smartphone-based fluorescence detector (SF-detector), an APP for imaging and analysis, reagents, and accessories. Once the lysed sample was loaded into the CM 3 -chip modified by 1% concentration and 200–260 kDa molecular weight of chitosan, the following assay can be completed in approximately 1 h. The Mkit can detect 3 × 10° copies μL −1 of plasmid DNA and its polymerase chain reaction (PCR) efficiency was 96.8%. The CM 3 -chip equipped for the Mkit can enrich nucleic acid from the pH = 5 of lysis buffer, instead of using conventional adsorption mediums such as the magnetic beads and silica gel membranes, which could result in unexpected impurity residuals and tedious cleaning operations. In addition, the performance of the Mkit equipped with the pristine chip was demonstrated to perform poorer than that coupled with the CM 3 -chip in which the enriched nucleic acid can be all used for “ in-situ PCR”. The universality, selectivity, and user-friendliness of the Mkit were also validated. We finally demonstrated the feasibility of the Mkit for testing artificially prepared infected samples. H5N6 and IAV-infected saliva samples provided the limits of detection of 5 × 10 2 copies mL −1 and 3.24 × 10 2 copies mL −1 per chamber, respectively. The streamlined assay and compact device should enable the great potential of the Mkit in research and potential diagnostic uses.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）