Hu Zhao,Xiaopu Shi,Cheng Shen,Caifeng Chen,Jiyuan Liu,Changqing Qu
Toon bud is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, which not only have nutritional value but also have health benefits. However, the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid accumulation during storage remain unclear. In our report, small RNA libraries from toon buds were synthesized after three storage period (0, 3, and 5 days) at 4 °C. Overall, 303 homologous sequences with known microRNA (conserved miRNAs homology) and 19 putative novel miRNAs were obtained using Illumina sequencing technology. Furthermore, the potential target unigenes of these miRNAs were predicted. Of the predicted miRNAs and their target unigenes, 17 conserved miRNAs and their target unigenes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Exactly 11 miRNAs involved in the flavonoid pathway and 6 miRNAs targeting transcription factors displayed significant correlation with flavonoid accumulation in toon buds. The findings will be helpful for better understanding flavonoid accumulation in toon buds during storage.
Guang Guo,Fang Tian,Keqiang Ding,Lihong Wang,Tingfeng Liu,Feng Yang
The metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in polluted soil is limited by low contaminant bioaccessibility and low degradation by bacteria. A bacterial consortium that degraded 76 per cent of pyrene within 10 days was enriched from a contaminated soil. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) enhanced the rate of degradation by the consortium. The bacterial consortium was used to bioremediate PAH-contaminated soil (pyrene and benzo[α]pyrene) in the presence or absence of HPCD. Enhanced PAH mineralization was observed after 10 weeks, particularly in the presence of HPCD, which increased the bioavailability of PAHs. Illumina sequencing was performed to analyze the changes in the bacterial communities. The dominant genus was Burkholderia in all treated soils. Importantly, the inoculated bacteria cannot compete with native bacteria and will therefore not invade the community. The significantly stimulated genera were Burkholderia , Nitratireductor , Nevskia and Sulfuritalea . These results suggest that the combination of bacteria with HPCD can enhance the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil.
Shengli Fu,Mingmei Ding,Qingjian Liang,Yanjian Yang,Meng Chen,Xiufang Wei,Anli Wang,Shaoan Liao,Jianmin Ye
The immune mechanism elicited in pufferfish ( Takifugu obscurus ) against the invasion of Aeromonas hydrophila is still poorly understood. We examined the spleen of pufferfish at the transcriptome and proteome levels by using Illumina-seq and TMT coupled mass spectrometry after 12 h infection by A. hydrophila , respectively. A total of 2,339 genes (1,512 up-regulated and 827 down-regulated) and 537 (237 up-regulated and 300 down-regulated) proteins were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the responses to stimulus were the main biological processes , intestinal immune network for IgT production and calcium signaling pathway . Fourteen genes (8 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated) and proteins (5 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated) involved immune responses or signal transduction were validated by qRT-PCR and parallel reaction monitoring to confirm the reliability of the transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, respectively. Moreover, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to detect dynamics of the genes in calcium signaling pathway and changes of concentration of cytoplasm Ca 2+ in spleen cells within a 72 h challenge. This study provides the findings regarding immune response, especially intestinal immune network for IgT production pathway and calcium signaling pathway at the molecular, protein and cellular in pufferfish after infection by A. hydrophila . These results would provide a new insight and molecular targets into the response to pathogenic infection in pufferfish.
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