Yadan Chen,Yanbin Wang,Liang He,Liling Wang,Jianchen Zhao,Zhenya Yang,Qin Li,Rui Shi
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of supercritical CO2(SC-CO2) extraction in enhancing the extraction rate, purity, and antioxidant activity ofIndocalamus latifolius(Keng) McClure (Poaceae) leaf terpenoids (ILLTs). Crude extracts obtained from leaves were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyses, revealing neophytadiene, phytol, β-sitosterol, β-amyrone, squalene, and friedelin as the primary terpenoid constituents, identified through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compared with steam distillation extraction (SD), simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), ultra-high pressure-assisted n-hexane extraction (UHPE-Hex), ultra-high pressure-assisted ethanol extraction (UHPE-EtOH), ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction (UE-Hex), and ultrasound-assisted ethanol extraction (UE-EtOH), SC-CO2exhibited a superior ILLT extraction rate, purity, and antioxidant activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of the residues further revealed more severe damage to both the residues and their cell walls after SC-CO2extraction. Under optimal parameters (4.5 h, 26 MPa, 39 °C, and 20% ethyl alcohol), the ILLT extraction rate with SC-CO2reached 1.44 ± 0.12 mg/g, which was significantly higher than the rates obtained by the other six methods. The subsequent separation and purification using WelFlash C18-l, BUCHI-C18, and Sephadex LH-20 led to an increase in the purity of the six terpenoid components from 12.91% to 93.34%. Furthermore, the ILLTs demonstrated cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with an IC50value of 148.93 ± 9.93 μg/mL. Additionally, with increasing concentrations, the ILLTs exhibited an enhanced cellular antioxidant status, as evidenced by reductions in both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.
White tea (WT) andIndocalamus latifoliusleaves (ILLs) are valued for their distinctive aromas and bioactive properties. In this study, flavonoid extraction from ILLs was optimized using total flavonoid yield as the response variable through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The resultingIndocalamus latifoliusleaf extract (ILLE) was vacuum-concentrated and sprayed onto WT to produceIndocalamus latifoliusleaf–white tea (IT). The effects of spray ratio, spraying liquid temperature, and drying temperature on the sensory and chemical qualities of IT were further evaluated. Untargeted metabolomics was performed to compare the metabolite profiles of IT and WT. The optimal extraction conditions for ILLs’ flavonoids were 95 °C, 120 min, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 60:1 mL/g, yielding 4.39 mg/g total flavonoids. The optimal processing parameters for IT were a spray ratio of 1:1.75 g/g, a spraying liquid temperature of 50 °C, and a drying temperature of 105 °C. Compared with WT, IT showed improved sensory and biochemical qualities, including a richer and more persistent ILLs aroma, a more refreshing and more layered taste, and significantly higher levels of water extracts, flavonoids, tea polyphenols, soluble sugars, and amino acids (p< 0.05). Metabolomic analysis revealed clear compositional differentiation between IT and WT, including the enrichment of several metabolites, some with potential functional relevance, as well as aroma-active compounds. These findings provide chemical and sensory evidence for the distinctive quality of IT and support further development of this novel specialty tea.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）