Energies
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 8
·3333
·
IF 3.2
Derui Jin,Ji Mi,Yongsheng Guo,Yitong Dai,Wenjun Fang
It was found in our previous work that hyperbranched polyester (HPE) can generate radicals and accelerate the chemical reactions of hydrocarbon fuels used as initiators. In this work, the evaporation and autoignition characteristics of JP-10 droplets with or without HPE were investigated using the high-speed backlight imaging technique in detail. The results indicate that the puffing and micro-explosion phenomena of HPE-blended JP-10 droplets can accelerate fuel evaporation and autoignition. When a 0.1% mass concentration of HPE was used, the droplet lifetime was reduced by 16.5% in evaporation at 850 K and 18.0% in autoignition at 900 K. A mechanism of HPE that promotes puffing and micro-explosions was proposed by analyzing droplet images of combustion and SEM images of combustion residues. Overall, this study provides a method for improving the evaporation and autoignition performance of JP-10.
研究领域:
燃烧学
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化学工程
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航空动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.939
Zhang Haocui,Xiao Zhourong,Yang Mei,Tian Yajie,Li Guozhu,Zhang Xiangwen,Liu Guozhu
As the only H 2 resource on aircraft from the steam reforming of the jet fuels on board, catalytic steam reforming of JP-10 (one of Jet fuels) over nickel-based catalyst Ni/SBA-15 were first carried out in a fixed bed tube reactor to produce hydrogen on-site or on board. A series of Ni/SBA-15 catalysts with different Ni content (3, 5, 8 and 10.8 wt%) were prepared by a modified incipient wetness impregnation method with addition of sucrose as ligand. And the effect of operation conditions of temperature (630–700 °C), nickel loading, liquid hour space velocity (LHSV = 5, 10, 15 ml/g cat ·h), steam to carbon molar ratio (S/C = 3, 5) on the catalytic activity and selectivity was investigated. It was found that 8Ni/SBA-15 was the optimal catalyst for steam reforming of JP-10 even with a higher LHSV and fuel gas concentration, and approximately 100% conversion of JP-10 with over 80% selectivity to hydrogen under the recommended experimental conditions of 680 °C, S/C of 5, LHSV of 10 ml/g cat ·h. The catalytic activity of 8Ni/SBA-15 dropped slowly to 84% after 6.5 h in the stability test and the carbon deposited was less with just 6% mass loss from TGA measurement (coke deposition rate 0.01g C /g cat h), which ascribed to possible reasons including confine effect of mesochannel of SBA-15, strengthened structure of mesochannels due to embeded Ni particles, and higher temperature to suppress the main carbon producing reaction.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Lei Shi,Ping Xu,Rui Wang,Weixin Tang,Tao Ding,Rongpei Jiang,Changhua Zhang
Ignition delay times of JP-10 in air and the vitiation effect of NO 2 on JP-10 autoignition at high temperatures were investigated behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were carried out at pressures of 2 and 10 atm, temperatures between 900 and 1460 K, fuel lean and stoichiometric conditions with and without 1.0 % NO 2 . The experimental results show that the ignition delay times of JP-10/air decrease with the increase of pressure or the decrease of equivalence ratio. The effect of adding 1.0 % NO 2 is pressure dependence. At 10 atm, the addition of NO 2 promotes the ignition of fuel, which shortens the ignition delay time. At 2 atm, the addition of 1.0 % NO 2 inhibits the ignition of JP-10, which prolongs the ignition delay time. A chemical kinetic mechanism of JP-10/NO 2 consisting of 290 species and 1768 reactions was developed by extending from a C0-C5 alkane and a cyclopentene sub-mechanism. The proposed mechanism has been well validated by ignition delay times, laminar flame speeds and species concentration profiles from literature. To further investigate the autoignition of JP-10 and the vitiation effect of NO 2 , kinetics analyses including reaction pathways and sensitivity coefficients were performed by the developed mechanism. The main consumption pathways of JP-10 in air are H-abstraction reactions from JP-10 by HO 2 radicals. With 1.0 % NO 2 vitiation, the addition of NO 2 has a strong effect on JP-10 consumption via the H-abstraction pathway JP-10 + NO 2 = C 10 H 15 + HONO, which further affects the autoignition of JP-10.
研究领域:
燃烧学
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化学动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Yucai Lu,Jiuyu Chen,Baozhong Zhu,Jiquan Wang,Cong Jiang,Minggao Xu,Yunlan Sun
Aluminum-containing hydrocarbon fuels cannot fully release their energy due to the poor dispersion and easy agglomeration of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs). To solve the issues, oleic acid (OA) was used to modify the surface of ANPs, and then Al@OA particles were incorporated into exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10) to form Al/JP-10 bi-phase system. Experimental and molecular simulation methods were used to analyze the stability, ignition, and combustion performance of the Al/JP-10 bi-phase system. The results show that at low temperatures, OA can improve the antioxidant and hydrophobic performance of Al@OA particles, which can effectively protect the ANPs from deep oxidation . At high temperatures, OA can accelerate the oxidative exothermic process of ANPs, and the Al@OA particles can shorten the ignition delay time of JP-10 droplets and intensify the combustion. Notably, when the ratio of Al and OA is 10:3 in the Al@OA particles, the Al/JP-10 droplet exhibits the shortest ignition delay.
研究领域:
材料科学
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燃料化学
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分子动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2019
·
IF 5.128
Guozhu Liu,Xueke Jia,Yajie Tian,Siyuan Gong,Li Wang,Xiangwen Zhang
The Pt@FGS/JP-10 nanofluids (0.1 wt% for Pt) were successfully prepared by two consecutive steps: loading Pt nanoparticles on the functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) grafted octadecylamine (ODA) via wet chemical method, following by dispersing it in JP-10 hydrocarbon fuel. The characterization of the prepared Pt@FGS showed that the size of Pt nanoparticles is ca. 2.2 nm, which could be stably dispersed in JP-10 for 2 weeks without significant aggregation or sediment, and the thermal conductivity of 0.2 wt% Pt@FGS/JP-10 nanofluids increases by ca. 35.2% compared with that of pure JP-10. Catalytic cracking performances of Pt@FGS/JP-10 nanofluids were evaluated in a batch reactor heated by fluidized sand at 360–420 °C, and observed that the cracking rate of JP-10 (400 °C, 5 h) improves by 150% in presence of 0.5 wt% Pt@FGS with improved hydrogen selectivity. The possible reason may be attributed to the catalytic dehydrogenation of JP-10 over Pt nanoparticles and the carbon defects on FGS (ca. 71.0% improvement in cracking rate for FGS/JP-10 nanofluids). This work provides a promising method to synchronously improve the thermal conductivity and endothermic cracking rate of JP-10 as a coolant for advanced aircrafts through adding trace Pt@FGS.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2018
·
IF 2.196
Zhizhen Qin,Siyuan Gong,Xiangwen Zhang,Qincheng Bi,Zhaohui Liu,Guozhu Liu
Density is one of the most important thermophysical properties of aviation fuel for the advanced fuel-cooled thermal management. The density of a hydrocarbon fuel JP-10 was measured using a gamma-ray radial method calibrated with deionized water, cyclohexane, and a mixture of n-heptane and n-octane. The average absolute deviation (AAD) of deionized water is 0.22% under 3.0 MPa and 0.43% under 5.0 MPa, that of cyclohexane is 0.80% under 5.0 MPa, and that of the mixture of n-heptane and n-octane is 0.33% under 5.1 MPa. The experimental density of JP-10 was reported at 267 to 873 K under the pressure of 0.70 to 6.00 MPa. Two empirical correlations were used to fit the liquid and gas density data separately. The results are that the AAD for all the liquid data is 0.46%, and that for all the gas data is 6.12%. Finally, the isobaric thermal expansion was calculated.
研究领域:
热力学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Daoan Sun,Chunying Li,Yuan Li,Yongmei Du,Chuyi Zhang,Jiangwei Li,Jian Lu
JP-10 as a representative polycyoalkane has high energy density and volumetric hydrogen storage capacity, which makes it very suitable for hydrogen production onboard by catalytic reforming. Monometallic Ni and bimetallic Ni-M (M = Fe, Co, and Cu) catalysts supported on γ-Al 2 O 3 were prepared by incipient-wetness co-impregnation method. Effects of the second metal M on the catalytic performance of Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 for hydrogen production by steam reforming of JP-10 were investigated in a coated microchannel reactor. The catalysts were characterized by N 2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, XPS, TEM, NH 3 -TPD, TG, H 2 -TPR, and Raman techniques. The results showed that the catalytic performance of Ni-M/γ-Al 2 O 3 deeply depended on the second metal M, in which Ni-Fe/γ-Al 2 O 3 was the best in terms of JP-10 conversion (82.9 %), H 2 selectivity (63.9 %), and coke amount (0.091 g coke/g cat. · h) under reaction conditions of 750 °C, 1.0 bar, steam to carbon of 2.4, weigh hourly space velocity of 472 h −1 . The doping of Fe formed highly dispersed Ni 3 Fe alloy crystallite for NFeA catalyst, and the average particle size is about 12.2 nm. Fe facilitated surface migration of Ni 0 species resulting in higher surface concentrations of Ni 0 species, thus enhanced the catalytic activity. In addition, Fe moderated the interaction between the support and nickel oxide particles, and promoted the reducing property of calcined catalysts overall, which ensured excellent resistance to sintering and high activity. The amount of weak and medium acid in the reduced NA catalyst were increased due to the presence of Fe, which improved activity and simultaneously avoided severe carbon formation. After reaction, NFeA catalyst produced much whisker graphite carbon, while the spent NA catalyst mainly generated amorphous carbon. NFeA catalyst maintained good stability over time on stream of 50 h, and severe carbon deposition, rather than the sintering of the active components, was the main cause of the catalyst deactivation. This work may provide important guidance for catalyst design applied to steam reforming of polycyoalkanes.
研究领域:
催化化学
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能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Junjian Xie,Jun Zhang,Xiaoyu Wang,Jiawei Xie,Bo Yang,Yuxuan Liang,Ji-Jun Zou,Qiuyu Zhang
JP-10 is the most widely used petroleum based fuel in military aircraft due to its high energy density and excellent cryogenic properties. However, the high price and low availability limit its application in civil aviation. Herein, JP-10 analogues fuel was first synthesized via one-pot Diels-Alder/hydrodeoxygenation reaction using biomass-derived furans and petroleum-derived norbornene. Hβ zeolite with Si/Al ratio of 25 exhibits the best catalytic performance (yield of 75.9 %) for Diels-Alder reaction ascribed to its large surface area and high acid concentration, especially the high ratio of Brønsted/Lewis acid sites. Kinetics research indicates that Diels-Alder reaction of norbornene and 2-methylfuran shows the apparent activation energy of 45.67 kJ/mol, much lower than that of norbornene dimerization (52.48 kJ/mol) and 2-methylfuran trimerization (63.61 kJ/mol). Importantly, the synthesized fuel has much higher density, volumetric neat heat of combustion and better cryogenic viscosity (0.943 g mL −1 , 40.39 MJ/L and 12.9 mm 2 s −1 at −40 °C) than classic JP-10 fuel (0.936 g mL −1 , 39.41 MJ/L and 18.6 mm 2 s −1 at −40 °C). This work provides an efficient and promising route to produce high-performance JP-10 fuel alternatives through co-conversion of biomass and petroleum derivatives.
研究领域:
能源化学
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催化化学
·
生物质转化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2023
·
IF 4.4
LongJin Du,Jianzhong Liu,Binghong Chen,ZhiHao Sun,WeiJuan Yang
B/JP-10 suspension fuel has very high energy density and high application prospects, but energy release during its actual combustion is incomplete. In this study, the surfaces of boron nanoparticles were modified by coating the particles with LiF and AP using a two-solvent method. Thermogravimetric experiments show that the ignition temperature of boron decreases from 772°C to 599°C when the LiF coating amount is 20 wt%. In a laser ignition experiment, the AP-modified B/JP-10 suspension fuel displayed a relatively obvious "microburst" phenomenon at the end of the combustion process . The "microburst" intensifies as the amount of AP coating increases; this behavior has positive implications for the release of energy from the boron in the fuel. The oxidation of boron in 10 wt% LiF-modified fuel increased from 26.35% to 36.22% without an increase in the ambient oxygen partial pressure . AP modification increases not only the oxidation rate of boron in the fuel but also the amount of oxidizing gas produced by decomposition, and this increases the burning intensity of JP-10. LiF and AP modification can destroy the shell layer of the agglomerates formed by the combustion of suspended fuels. LiF makes it difficult to close the shell layer by reacting with B 2 O 3 to form easily sublimated substances and flaky crystals. AP breaks the shell structure due to the high pressure generated by the "microburst", thus forming a porous configuration on the surface of the agglomerate.
研究领域:
燃烧工程
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材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Yiran Zhang,Xufeng Li,Yongsheng Guo,Junjie Ding,Shu Yan,Wenjun Fang
Water-emulsified fuel represents a promising alternative fuel due to its potential to improve combustion efficiency through micro-explosions. In this work, a novel amphiphilic cetylated hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (CHPEI) was designed and synthesized as a surfactant for formulating a high energy-density JP-10 emulsified fuel, marking the first application of CHPEI in such a fuel system. The resulting emulsion demonstrates high stability at a low surfactant concentration, indicating exceptional emulsification efficiency. Single-droplet experiments revealed intense micro-explosions of emulsions during both evaporation and combustion. As a typical result, the emulsion droplets with 10% water exhibited a 43.9% reduction in evaporation lifetime compared to neat JP-10. The characteristics of micro-explosions were found to depend strongly on fuel composition: surfactant-only systems produced weaker (an intensity of 0.48 compared with 14.42) and less frequent (a frequency of 1 compared with 23) micro-explosions than the emulsion containing 10% water. Furthermore, increasing water content from 1% to 15% linearly enhanced the micro-explosion intensity. An optimal water content of 5% was identified, effectively balancing micro-explosion enhancement and the heat sink effect of water, which resulted in the shortest combustion lifetime. The emulsion with 5% water achieved a combustion energy release rate of 65.43 J·s −1 , which is 90.4% higher than that of neat JP-10 (34.36 J·s −1 ) and exceeded those of conventional fuels, including RP-3 (29.31 J·s −1 ), EHF-1 (32.69 J·s −1 ), and decalin (31.37 J·s −1 ). This work provides a practical design strategy to achieve high energy-density emulsified fuels with significantly enhanced combustion performance, offering valuable guidance for future fuel development.
研究领域:
燃料化学
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燃烧学
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能源材料
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界面科学
·
热物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Xing Zhang,Guangyi Li,Hailu Yu,Lianqi Xing,Aiqin Wang,Wei Wang,Zhitong Zhao,Ning Li
In recent years, numerous methods have been reported for the preparation of bio-jet fuel. However, the cost remained the most vital determinant for the practical application of these methods. In 2019, our research team reported a synthetic process for bio-JP-10 fuel. It was suggested the production cost of bio-JP-10 fuel can be greatly reduced to $2547/ton that is significantly lower than the market price (∼7091 US$/ton) of fossil energy-based JP-10 fuel. However, energy consumption constituted as much as 42 % of the bio-JP-10 fuel production cost. In the present work, the initial 1,3-cyclopentanediol concentration in the dehydration step of the original route was amplified by six-fold by the optimization of solvent. Upon further optimization of reaction conditions, higher than 80 % cyclopentadiene carbon yields were achieved. Furthermore, a tandem reaction process involving the dehydration, Diels-Alder reaction and hydrogenation steps was developed, eliminating the need to separate the products. Both innovations considerably enhanced the production efficiency of bio-JP-10 fuel. Following the process simulation and energy balance of Aspen Plus 11, the energy consumption cost of bio-JP-10 fuel can be reduced by 67 %.
研究领域:
生物化学
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能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering
·
2018
·Vol. 12
·期 3
·358-366
·
IF 2.643
E Xiu-Tian-Feng,Zhang Lei,Wang Fang,Zhang Xiangwen,Zou Ji-Jun
High energy density fuels are critical for hypersonic aerospace propulsion but suffer from difficulties of ignition delay and incomplete combustion. This research reports aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) assisted ignition and combustion of high energy density JP-10 fuel. Al NPs with a size of 16 nm were fabricated through a mild and simple method by decomposing AlH 3 ·Et 2 O with the addition of a surfactant ligand. The uniform size distribution, nanoscaled size and surface ligand make Al NPs stably suspend in JP-10, with 80% NPs being dispersed in the liquid fuel after six months. A shock tube test shows that the presence of 1 wt-% Al NPs can significantly shorten ignition delay time at temperature of 1500 to 1750 K, promote the combustion, and enhance energy release of JP-10. This work demonstrates the potential of Al NPs as ignition and combustion additive for high energy density fuel in hypersonic applications.
研究领域:
航空航天工程
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材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）