JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2022
·
IF 8.91
Qiren Wang,Xin Ma,Shuai Wang,Zhanfang Cao,Zongwei Hua,Hong Zhong
Sintering dust from the steelmaking industry is a hazardous waste that is rich in valuable metals. The purpose with the present study has been to design an efficient process for the preparation of K 2 SO 4 and NH 4 Cl fertilizers by using sintering dust as raw material. The K, S, and Cl in the sintering dust were selectively and efficiently leached using water. The leaching of Ca impurities was then greatly reduced and the appearance of Zn and Mg was avoided. The Cl − ions in the leachate were, thereafter, adsorbed by a 201 × 7 resin to form a K 2 SO 4 solution. Finally, the loaded Cl − on the resin was desorbed to form a NH 4 Cl solution, and the resin was regenerated and recycled. The purified solutions were crystallized to prepare K 2 SO 4 (s) and NH 4 Cl(s) products, which met the national standard of China for superior potassium sulfate and ammonium chloride , to be used for agricultural use. The recoveries of K, Cl, and S from the sintering dust were 80.78%, 92.63%, and 93.92%, respectively. Notably, the Mn content in the leaching residue increased from 9.08% to 14.19%. This could be used for the conversion of Mn impurities into recyclable manganese-rich raw materials. This green process enables an effective extraction of important impurities in hazardous sintering dust, thereby providing a new potassium source for potash fertilizer manufacturing with notable economic and environmental benefits.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
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农业
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
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2019
·
IF 2.298
Rui-Zhi Cui,Wu Li,Ya-Ping Dong
The phase equilibria relationship between the quaternary system LiCl–KCl–Li2SO4–K2SO4–H2O and its subsystems LiCl–KCl–H2O and LiCl–Li2SO4–H2O was studied by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method at 288.15 K, and the corresponding phase diagrams were drawn. At 288.15 K, ternary systems LiCl–KCl–H2O and LiCl–Li2SO4–H2O all belong to the simple type. In the phase diagram of the quaternary system LiCl–KCl–Li2SO4–K2SO4–H2O, there are five equilibrium solid phase crystallization fields: LiCl·2H2O, KCl, Li2SO4·H2O, K2SO4, and Li2SO4·K2SO4. Compared with the multitemperature phase diagrams of this system at 288.15–348.15 K, it was found that the basic configuration of the phase diagrams is the same. As the temperature increased, the phase region of double salt Li2SO4·K2SO4 clearly increased, whereas the phase region of single salt KCl and K2SO4 clearly decreased. On the basis of the experiment, the extended Harvie–Weare model of the Pitzer model was used to predict the solubility data of the quaternary system. The simulated and measured values were basically in good agreement.
研究领域:
化学热力学
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无机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
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2021
·
IF 3.178
Rui-Zhi Cui,Yong-Ming Zhang,Ya-Ping Dong,Wu Li
In this paper, the solubility of unreported systems LiBr–NaBr–Li 2 SO 4 –Na 2 SO 4 –H 2 O, LiBr–KBr–Li 2 SO 4 –K 2 SO 4 –H 2 O and the subsystem LiBr–Li 2 SO 4 –H 2 O was measured by isothermal dissolution method at 298.15 K. Three phase diagrams are also given. It was found that the diagram of LiBr–Li 2 SO 4 –H 2 O system has only one invariant point of LiBr·2H 2 O + Li 2 SO 4 ·H 2 O. The phase diagram of LiBr–NaBr–Li 2 SO 4 –Na 2 SO 4 –H 2 O system includes eight crystallization regions LiBr·2H 2 O, Li 2 SO 4 ·H 2 O, NaBr·2H 2 O, NaBr, Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O, Na 2 SO 4 , Li 2 SO 4 ·3Na 2 SO 4 ·12H 2 O, and Li 2 SO 4 ·Na 2 SO 4 . Five crystallization regions corresponded to two single salts KBr and K 2 SO 4 , two hydrate salts Li 2 SO 4 ·H 2 O and LiBr·2H 2 O, and one double salt Li 2 SO 4 ·K 2 SO 4 in LiBr–KBr–Li 2 SO 4 –K 2 SO 4 –H 2 O system. The relevant Pitzer parameter was obtained and the result predicted by Pitzer model was consistent with the experimental values.
研究领域:
化学
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物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 4.015
Huan Chen,Richen Zhong,Yuling Xie,Hao Cui,Chang Yu,Yifan Ling,Zimeng Li,Lamei Li
Sulfate-bearing geofluids are widespread in many geological environments and play important roles in ore-forming processes. Recent experiments provide evidences that in silica-rich fluids, Na 2 SO 4 solubility exhibits a complex temperature dependence, first decreasing from 25 to 313 °C and then increasing from 313 to 425 °C. The fluid-borne silica have critical implications for sulfate-bearing hydrothermal systems and formations of rare earth element deposits. However, whether other sulfate salts share the same characteristics remains unknown. In this study, fused silica capillary capsules (FSCCs) containing K 2 SO 4 -saturated solutions and K 2 SO 4 crystals are used to quantitatively investigate the solubility of K 2 SO 4 at different temperatures in the K 2 SO 4 -SiO 2 -H 2 O system. In the K 2 SO 4 -SiO 2 -H 2 O system, K 2 SO 4 shows prograde solubility from 50 to 400 °C, and does not melt through the whole investigated temperature range. The relationship between temperature and the solubility of K 2 SO 4 can be described by a simple linear function with R 2 = 0.991: C sulfate = 4.1307 × 10 −3 × T + 0.5532, where C sulfate and T represent the solubility of K 2 SO 4 in m (mol/kg H 2 O) and temperature in °C, respectively. These results show that the solubility of K 2 SO 4 can be enhanced by 3 to 5 times at 300–400 °C by the presence of silica, compared with that in silica-absent system, even without the formation of sulfate melt. Considering that quartz is ubiquitous in the Earth's crust , the solubility of sulfate in natural geofluids may reach a much higher level than previously expected. The temperature dependences of the solubilities of K 2 SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 in silica-saturated fluids were used to constrain the compositions of the mineralizing fluids of the synmetamorphic hematite-quartz veins at Ouro Fino (SE Brazil) and the Maoniuping REE deposit (SW China), based on the previously reported microthermometric results of fluid inclusions that contain sulfate daughter minerals. For the hematite-quartz vein at Ouro Fino, the sulfate concentration was calculated to be 8.9–19.2 wt%, which is in line with previous laser ablation measurements (~15.3 wt%). For the Maoniuping REE deposit, the total sulfate concentration was determined to be 16.3–27.4 wt%, and the REE concentration of the ore-fluid was further estimated to be 0.30–0.44 wt%.
研究领域:
地质学
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地球化学
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矿物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 11
·3125-3132
·
IF 5.934
Qian Wang,Lei Wang,Xiaoyu Zhao,Ling Huang,Daojiang Gao,Jian Bi,Xin Wang,Guohong Zou
By introducing Sb3+ cations with a stereochemically active lone pair in the sulfate system, two antimony fluoride sulfates with the same stoichiometric ratio, namely, K2SO4·(SbF3)2 and Rb2SO4·(SbF3)2, were successfully synthesized via mild hydrothermal reactions. The cooperative effects of the alkali metal cation size and lone pairs resulted in a different symmetry for these two title compounds. The compound K2SO4·(SbF3)2 crystallized in a centrosymmetric (CS) space group of P21/c, while Rb2SO4·(SbF3)2 crystallized in the noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group of P21. Though both of these two compounds consisted of similar structural building units, [SbF3O2]4− tetragonal pyramid complexes and [SO4]2− tetrahedra, they displayed discrepant helix columns in the crystal structure due to the different steric hindrance forces produced by the alkali metal cations. The alkali metal cations K+/Rb+ provided a charge balance and connected the different helix columns to form the three-dimensional framework. The detailed characterizations revealed that Rb2SO4·(SbF3)2 was a potential ultraviolet nonlinear optical material. In addition, theoretical calculations were performed.
研究领域:
无机化学
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晶体学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
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2025
·
IF 4.4
Peng Feng,Donghai Xu,Kunkun Song,Gang Yin,Guanyu Jiang,Yang Yang,Yaling He
Supercritical water oxidation efficiently degrades organic waste but faces challenges from salt deposition due to the low solubilities of salts in supercritical water (SCW). This study investigated the characteristics and mechanisms of dissolution and deposition of mixed sulfate and chloride salts in SCW. At low water densities the common ion effect was observed in Na 2 SO 4 /K 2 SO 4 mixtures. Na + tended to occupy the junctions between SO 4 2- , while K + tended to occupy the cluster endings. Due to the weaker electrostatic interaction between K + (with larger ionic radius) and SO 4 2- , large and medium-sized clusters were more prone to decomposition in K + -rich solutions. K 2 SO 4 induced a “salting-in” effect on Na 2 SO 4 , whereas Na 2 SO 4 exerted a “salting-out” effect on K 2 SO 4 at high water densities. Both sulfates exhibited heterogeneous nucleation, depositing on heated sidewalls as nucleation sites, with Na 2 SO 4 proving more difficult to remove than K 2 SO 4 . In KCl/Na 2 SO 4 mixtures, homogeneously nucleated chloride salts created many preferential nucleation sites for Na 2 SO 4 deposition.
研究领域:
化学工程
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物理化学
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环境科学
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材料科学
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热力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Water
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 19
·
IF 3
Trung-Kien Pham,Quynh-Trang Thi Hoang,Cham-Anh Thi Le,Thi-Huyen Tran,Koemhong Bun,Ngoc-Tuyet Thi Le,Van-Son Ho,Van-Hieu Ngo,Quang-Duyen Le,Madina Naukanova
Water shortage has been a serious issue for many years. Hydrate-based desalination (HBD) technology is a potential candidate for this solution. The present study investigates the use of Cyclopentane (CP) as a hydrate former for desalination through crystallization at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The primary objective of this work is to provide phase equilibrium data for CP hydrates (CPH) in the presence of novel salt systems, including NaBr, KBr, K2SO4, NaBr–KBr, NaCl–NaBr, KCl–KBr, Na2SO4–K2SO4, and CaCl2–MgCl2. Phase equilibrium temperatures were determined using both rapid and slow dissociation procedures. The van der Waals and Platteeuw-based Kihara (Kihara) approach, Hu-Lee-Sum (HLS) correlation, Standard Freezing Point Depression (SFPD) approach, and Activity-Based Occupancy Correlation (ABOC) were applied to model these new experimental data. The experimental results demonstrate that the differences between the quick and slow procedure data range from 0 °C to 1.2 °C. In addition, the increasing salt concentration enhances the inhibitory effect on hydrate formation. Furthermore, the influence of cations on the equilibrium temperature follows the decreasing order of Mg2+> Ca2+> Na+> K+. In terms of halide anions, Br−exhibits a stronger impact on equilibrium temperature compared to Cl−. The thermodynamic modeling results (for all four models) show good agreement with the experimental data with the average absolute deviation (AAD) of less than or equal to 0.79 °C. The ABOC approach proves to be the most effective among the four methods evaluated for accurately reproducing the equilibrium temperature of CPH, with AAD less than or equal to 0.38 °C.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Yu Xie,Wangyang Wang,Jiale Cui,Hui Li,Kang Cheng,Qinghong Zhang,Ye Wang
The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) into C 2−3 hydrocarbons is still limited to a few types of catalysts with low product yield. Herein, we reported our discovery that a K 2 SO 4 -promoted TiO 2 catalyst can effectively catalyze the OCM reactions with a C 2−3 yield of up to 26 %, which is comparable to the classical Mn-NaWO x /SiO 2 catalyst. Besides, this catalyst not only exhibits promising stability for at least 200 h without signs of deactivation under typical OCM conditions but also demonstrates high sulfur-resistance performance, outperforming most reported catalysts. We have evidenced that K + ions are responsible for increasing the surface basicity of rutile TiO 2 , thus benefiting C 2−3 selectivity. The presence of SO 4 2− can prevent the formation of potassium titanates, which catalyze the over-oxidation of CH 4 . The surface lattice oxygen species are confirmed to be the active sites for selective CH 4 activation, while the chemisorbed oxygen species catalyze the combustion of CH 4 to CO 2 .
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Processes
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·823
·
IF 3.352
Bin Li,Xinjun Jing,Junsheng Yuan
The phase equilibria of the reciprocal quaternary system LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O and its ternary sub-systems LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O and KBr-K2SO4-H2O at 308.15 K were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Then, the solubility data of the equilibrium solutions were collected, and the phase diagrams were plotted. The phase diagrams of the ternary sub-systems at 308.15 K were compared with those at other temperatures. This study found that the phase diagram of the LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two solid-phase crystallization regions of Li2SO4·H2O and LiBr·2H2O, and their corresponding solubility curves. The system generated two hydrated salts, which belonged to the hydrate type I phase diagram. The phase diagram of the KBr-K2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two univariant solubility curves, and two solid-phase crystallization regions of KBr and K2SO4, and no solid solution and double salts were formed. Thus, it belonged to a simple co-saturation type phase diagram. In the LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O system, K2SO4·Li2SO4double salt formed at 308.15 K, and the phase diagram consisted of three invariant points, five crystallization regions, and seven univariant solubility curves.Keywords:lithium bromide;potassium bromide;lithium sulfate;potassium sulfate;phase equilibrium
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
·
2022
·
IF 4.644
Nengyuan Zeng,Yuling Liu,Yuanshen Cheng,Chong Luo,Hongdong Zhao
The efficient copper removal of the in the multi-layer copper interconnect copper film chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process is one of the important indicators for high production efficiency of integrated circuit process. The chemical corrosiveness of polishing slurries to copper is the key factor affecting the copper removal rate. Since the copper polishing slurries are relied too much on the synergistic effect of complexing agent and oxidant for the copper chemical dissolution to achieve efficient removal of copper film, the planarization and corrosion of copper CMP cannot be well improved. In this paper, it was found that adding potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ) in polishing slurries can improve the copper removal effect of CMP. In this paper, the mechanism of the effect enhancement of K 2 SO 4 was explored with series of characterization experiments. Firstly, the influence of K 2 SO 4 on the increase of electrochemical corrosion degree of copper electrode was studied by electrochemical method. Secondly, based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), it was determined that the copper surface oxide formation increased after electrochemical corrosion caused by K 2 SO 4 . Finally, the efficiency of copper polishing removal of K 2 SO 4 in polishing slurries was verified by CMP experiments, and the dynamic oxidation enhancement mechanism of K 2 SO 4 in polishing slurries for CMP copper removal was analyzed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2021
·
IF 2.694
Fei Yuan,Hua Li,Long Li,Yafei Guo,Shiqiang Wang,Tianlong Deng
Considering the significance of fundamental phase equilibrium data in resource exploitation from salt lake brines, the solid–liquid phase equilibria of the ternary system (KBO2 + K2SO4 + H2O) at 288.15, 308.15 K, and 0.1 MPa were investigated using the isothermal dissolution method. Along this line, the solubilities and physicochemical properties of densities were experimentally determined. Based on the experimental data, phase diagrams and the related physicochemical property diagrams against composition were plotted. It was found that there are one invariant point, two univariate solubility curves, and two crystalline regions corresponding to potassium metaborate hydrate (KBO2·1.33H2O) and arcanite (K2SO4) in the ternary phase diagrams at 288.15 and 308.15 K. In addition, they belong to the hydrate type I and neither double salt nor solid solution was formed. The distributive behaviors of density against the concentration of KBO2 in the equilibrium solution at two temperatures were similar. Moreover, the theoretical values of density were calculated, which were found to be consistent with the experimental values, further demonstrating the accuracy and reliability of this work.
研究领域:
化学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Yifan Li,Sifan Wang,Jiangbo Chen,Huan Zhou
Boron-containing brines are widely distributed in nature, and within the pH range of salt lakes, B4O72– is one of the primary boron forms. To express the brine properties and phase equilibrium behavior of boron-containing brine systems, experiments and thermodynamic research based on the eNRTL framework were carried out. Tetraborate aqueous systems are focused in this study: (1) the phase diagram data of K2B4O7–K2SO4–H2O and K2B4O7–K2SO4–KCl–H2O systems at 298.15 and 323.15 K were experimentally determined; (2) the heat capacity of the B4O72– ion was determined via simultaneously fitting the thermodynamic property and solubility data of Li2B4O7, Na2B4O7 and K2B4O7 aqueous systems; (3) the liquid parameters (interaction parameters between water–ionic pair and ionic pair–ionic pair) and solid parameters (ΔfGk°, ΔfHk°, ΔCp,k°) for three binary systems (Li2B4O7–H2O, Na2B4O7–H2O, K2B4O7–H2O) and two ternary systems (K2B4O7–K2SO4–H2O, K2B4O7–KCl–H2O) were determined by fitting the multitemperature phase diagram data; and (4) the complete structures of the phase diagram for the ternary and quaternary systems were predicted. The results demonstrate that (1) the models can effectively describe the solution properties and solid–liquid phase equilibrium behavior of tetraborate-containing aqueous systems, (2) the parameters exhibit thermodynamic consistency, and (3) the predicted complete phase diagram is reasonable.
研究领域:
化学
·
地球科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
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