The epoxy/silica nanocomposites containing a wide range of isopropyltri[di(octyl) phosphate] titanate coupling agent (KR-12) modified nanosilica (m-nanosilica) loading (0–7 wt%) cured with tetrabutyl titanate hardener were prepared. Their morphology, thermal stability, thermal expansion, and mechanical properties including hardness, abrasion resistance were investigated. The wetting ability of epoxy-nanosilica systems on glass surface was assessed based on static contact angle. The obtained results showed that the contact angle of the nanocomposites containing m-nanosilica is slightly changed as compared to the contact angle of pure epoxy resin and lower than that of the nanocomposite containing unmodified nanosilica. The data of dynamic mechanical analysis of the nanocomposites using different nanosilica content indicated that the presence of m-nanosilica lowered the recovery energy of the nanocomposites to 41.62% as compared to neat epoxy. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the nanocomposites confirmed that the m-nanosilica increased the flame retardance of epoxy matrix. When using 7 wt% of m-nanosilca, the LOI value of the nanocomposite was 27.4 while this index of neat epoxy was 21.6. The scanning electron microscopic images of residual char combustion of the nanocompsites indicated a formation of nanosilica layer contributed to restrain combustion of the material.
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and causes high ratios of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although many potential therapeutic targets have been reported, the therapeutic effect needs to be further improved. Herein, we report a strategy to specifically target inflammation site via anti-ICAM-1 antibody bonded antibacterial peptides polymeric nanoparticle. Antibacterial peptide (KR-12) grafted amphipathic PCL- b -P(OEGMA- co -AMA)- g -Cys-KR-12 block copolymer and PCL- b -P(OEGMA- co -AMA)- g -biotin block copolymer were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization and click chemistry. Then, antibacterial peptides polymeric nanoparticles (AMPNP) were prepared by co-assembly of amphipathic PCL- b -P(OEGMA- co -AMA)- g -Cys-KR-12 and PCL- b -P(OEGMA- co -AMA)- g -biotin in aqueous solution. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is highly expressed on the surface of inflammatory endothelial cells, and the anti-ICAM-1 antibody can specifically bind to it. To obtain the anti-ICAM-1-AMPNP nanoparticles, biotinylated anti-ICAM-1 antibodies were bonded on the surface of AMPNP nanoparticles through the biotin-avidin system. The anti-ICAM-1-AMPNP nanoparticles had low systemic toxicity and exhibited ideal antibacterial property against drug-resistant bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. The anti-ICAM-1-AMPNP nanoparticles exhibited favorable targeting capabilities to inflammation endothelial cells in vitro and significantly reduced the inflammatory response of CLP mice in vivo . The present investigation might provide a specific strategy for targeting combating sepsis with anti-ICAM-1-AMPNP nanoparticles.
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