With the booming development of the new energy industry, the demand for lithium resources has increased dramatically. Adsorption is a green and inexpensive process for lithium extraction from saline lakes but current commercial adsorbents generally have low adsorption capacity and poor stability, and are difficult to be applied to the purification of high-concentration lithium salts. Herein, we report an adsorbent, sulfonate-modified MIL-101(Cr) (MIL-101(Cr)-SO 3 H), for the efficient extraction of lithium from brine and highly concentrated lithium solution. It has high adsorption capacity (118.2 mg g −1 ) on Li + adsorption and fast kinetics (3.5 h to achieve full adsorption equilibrium). Detailed investigations clarify that the adsorption follows the Freundlich model in a spontaneous manner. The adsorption mechanisms of MIL-101(Cr)-SO 3 H for Li⁺ primarily include physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, and functional group adsorption. Such capacity is demonstrated with high durability and selectivity, indicating MIL-101(Cr)-SO 3 H is a promising adsorbent for Li + recycling and extraction.
Xiao-Fang Liu,Hu Li,Heng Zhang,Hu Pan,Shan Huang,Kai-Li Yang,Song Yang
Catalytic ethanolysis of furfuryl alcohol (FA) to ethyl levulinate (EL) with MIL-101(Cr)–SO3H, prepared by simple one-pot hydrothermal treatment, is presented for the first time. The as-prepared catalyst with high surface area, hydrothermal and chemical stability, good dispersion, and feasible accessibility of –SO3H Brønsted acid sites was found to show superior performance to other sulfonic acid-functionalized solid catalysts. Besides the special textural properties, the obtained good catalytic activity of 79.2% EL yield and 100% FA conversion were also dependent on the density and strength of the Brønsted acid and the reaction parameters. A slight loss of catalytic activity after five consecutive recycles and the hot filtration experiment confirmed the good stability of MIL-101(Cr)–SO3H. Two coexisting reaction paths for the ethanolysis of FA to EL catalyzed by MIL-101(Cr)–SO3H were proposed, wherein 2-ethoxymethylfuran (2-EMF) was observed to be the dominant intermediate.
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