Yao Chen-guang,Zhao Zi-jia,Tan Ting,Yan Jiang-ning,Chen Zhong-wei,Xiong Jun-tao,Li Han-luo,Wei Yan-hong,Hu Kang-hong
Objective Lindqvist-type polyoxometalates (POMs) exhibit potential antitumor activities. This study aimed to examine the effects of Lindqvist-type POMs against breast cancer and the underlying mechanism. Methods Using different cancer cell lines, the present study evaluated the antitumor activities of POM analogues that were modified at the body skeleton based on molybdenum-vanadium-centered negative oxygen ion polycondensations with different side strains. Cell colony formation assay, autophagy detection, mitochondrial observation, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and animal model were used to evaluate the antitumor activities of POMs against breast cancer cells and the related mechanism. Results MO-4, a Lindqvist-type POM linking a proline at its side strain, was selected for subsequent experiments due to its low half maximal inhibitory concentration in the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer cells. It was found that MO-4 induced the apoptosis of multiple types of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, MO-4 activated intracellular mitophagy by elevating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and resulting in apoptosis. In vivo , breast tumor growth and distant metastasis were significantly reduced following MO-4 treatment. Conclusion Collectively, the results of the present study demonstrated that the novel Lindqvist-type POM MO-4 may exhibit potential in the treatment of breast cancer.
Chencheng Dong,Zhiqiang Wang,Zhichao Ye,Juhua He,Zexiao Zheng,Xueqing Gong,Jinlong Zhang,Irene M.C. Lo
In recent years, molybdenum disulfides (MoS 2 ) have been widely recognized as a promising catalyst or cocatalyst in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs); however, the discharge of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) after catalytic process is still a key issue that needs to be addressed. Hence, in this study, a superoxide radical (O 2 − ) dominated visible-light-driven peroxymonosulfate activation process has been established by adopting molybdenum selenide (MoSe 2 ) to replace MoS 2 in order to dramatically enhance the catalytic degradation efficiency of three types of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) (e.g., ibuprofen, benzophenone-3 and carbamazepine). This enhancement is due to its exposed surface metallic Mo 4+ ions, accompanied with the oxidization to Mo 5+ and Mo 6+ for further participating in the decomposing of PMS, as well as the photo-generated electrons playing a prominent role in reducing the Mo 5+ and Mo 6+ back to Mo 4+ . Scavenger tests and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) identify the O 2 − as the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the MoSe 2 /PMS system, and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) is mainly derived from the transformation of O 2 − . Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to explain the elongation of O O bond in the PMS molecule that would facilitate the generation of sulfate radicals and hydroxyl radicals in both of MoSe 2 catalyzed PMS system and cocatalyzed Fe(II) or Fe(III)/PMS systems. Ultimately, the MoSe 2 /PMS system is also applicable for the treatment of actual sewage. This work highlights the important role of photo-generated electrons and molybdenum ions in PMS reduction and oxidation , and establishes theoretical support for further relevant studies.
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