Constructing advanced heterojunction structures is an effective approach to improve light utility and enhance photogenerated charge separation and transfer for solar energy conversion. Herein, we reported a MWCNT@MOF-derived In 2 S 3 hollow tube heterostructure via facile MOF sulfidation process, significantly boosting its photocatalytic degradation performance of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. The MWCNT bonds to the In 2 S 3 hollow tube strongly to construct an effective heterojunction, as illustrated in TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The 0.3%-MWCNT@MOF-derived In 2 S 3 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for visible-light-driven TC degradation, achieving ˜100% degradation efficiency, with its apparent reaction rate constants 3–5 times higher than that of the pure MOF-derived hollow In 2 S 3 and traditional In 2 S 3 bulk. The boosted visible-light-driven degradation efficiency was attributed to the synergy between electron acceptor of MWCNTs for enhanced separation of charge carriers and active center of MOF-derived In 2 S 3 hollow tube with shorter transfer distance of charge carriers, which not only promotes the carrier transfer and inhibits the recombination rate effectively, but also improves the visible light response. Such MOF-derived visible-light-active heterostructures thus provide a novel insight into the development of highly efficient photocatalyst for a wide usage.
The self-stacking propensity of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) during synthesis, combined with their intrinsic limitations in electrical conductivity and mechanical stability, constrains their utility as high-capacity energy sources in wearable electronics. Here, we employ a surfactant-assisted method to mitigate the Z-axis stacking of zinc metalloporphyrin organic frameworks (NMOFs), yielding ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) material sheets. By integrating carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes into these nanosheets (denoted as C-NMOF-x), the lamellar structure of MOF is preserved while promoting the formation of rich multistage micropores and continuous conductive channels. This structural refinement remarkably enhances electrochemical properties, including capacitance, electronic conductivity, and cycling stability. Leveraging synergistic interactions, the resulting C-NMOF-4 composite achieves a specific capacitance of 0.152 mAh/g in a three-electrode system at a current density of 1 A/g. Furthermore, the modulated C-NMOF-4 composites are successfully formulated into homogeneous e-inks suitable for dispensing printing, enabling the mass production of flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). Notably, these MSCs maintain 95 % of their capacitance even after 180° bending under wearable conditions. This surface and interface microstructure modulation strategy holds promise for enhancing the synergistic coupling effects of 2D materials and offers new avenues for the application of innovative 2D materials in wearable electronics.
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