ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2020
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IF 8.758
Dan Huang,Shuangshuang Tan,Maosheng Li,Dandan Wang,Chunhua Han,Qinyou An,Liqiang Mai
The application of high-energy Mg/S batteries was obstructed by the insufficiency of low-cost and non-nucleophilic electrolyte. In this work, a non-nucleophilic electrolyte was prepared by facilely dissolving Mg(CF3SO3)2, MgCl2, and AlCl3 in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME). The equilibrium species of the MTB electrolyte mainly comprise [Mg2(μ-Cl)2(DME)4]2+ and [(CF3SO3)AlCl3]−, which are generated by dehalodimerization reaction and Lewis acid–base reaction, respectively. The electrolyte exhibits a highly efficient reversible Mg deposition/dissolution, low overpotential of around 250 mV, and good oxidative stability up to 3.5 V after conditioning. The conditioning process that the active [Mg2(μ-Cl)2(DME)4]2+ species transforms into [Mg3(μ3-Cl)(μ2-Cl)2(DME)7]3+ was demonstrated, owing to the irreversible deposition of Al3+ on Mg foil. More importantly, this electrolyte exhibited good compatibility and kinetics for reversible Mg/MgSx redox, resulting in a high specific capacity of 866 mAh g–1 at 200 mA g–1 and high power density of 550 W kg–1. This work offers a new direction for low-cost, non-nucleophilic electrolyte and paves the way to explore high-power Mg/S batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
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2021
·Vol. 30
·期 10
·7214-7222
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IF 1.819
Cai Hong,Li Xuan,Xue Feng,Chu Chenglin,Guo Chao,Bai Jing,Zhang Xiaobo
Abstract In order to ensure the safety of materials used in the field of orthopedic internal fixation, cytocompatibility was evaluated by culturing MC3T3-E1 cells with the extracts of Mg-2Zn rods, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) rods, hot pressed and hot drawn Mg wire/PLA composite rods. The adhesion, spread, and growth states of cells on each group of sample were analyzed according to SEM images. The fluorescent micromorphology was analyzed, and the relative growth ratio was calculated to quantitatively evaluate the influence of these extracts on the cell viability. Results displayed that moderate and severe cytotoxicity appeared after cells incubated with extracts of Mg-2Zn rod for 3 and 5 days, but it returned to normal phenomenon after the extracts diluted by 10 times. Extracts of other three groups of sample displayed good cytocompatibility. The growth and proliferation of cells were closely related to the pH value and concentration of Mg 2+ . The osmolality changes of extracts had little influence on cytocompatibility of samples at the early stage. Therefore, we can predict the effect of degradation products of Mg wire/PLA composites on their cytocompatibility during the degradation process, on the basis of pH value, concentration of Mg 2+ , as well as osmolality changes. The good cytocompatibility of Mg wire/PLA composites provided experimental valid and valuable guideline for further material design and scheme selection. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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骨科
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DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
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2022
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IF 5.767
Wanjun Zhao,Qingjie Jiao,Pengwan Chen,Shi Yan,Yanli Zhu,Bi Zhang,Xin Zeng,Dazhi Liu,Yapeng Ou,Fang Wang
Zn has been incorporated into Mg via centrifugal atomization in this work. The prepared Mg-Zn alloys have been characterized via SEM/EDS and XRD . The thermal behavior and combustion of Mg-Zn alloys have been tested by TG/DSC and laser ignition. Then, Mg-Zn alloys have been applied in pyrotechnics with PTFE as the oxidizer , followed by measuring the reactivity and ignition delay . Mg-5%Zn and Mg-10%Zn alloys consisting of α-Mg and eutectic phase (α-Mg and MgZn 2 ) in a high degree of sphericity with evenly distributed Zn were obtained. Thermal behavior characterization indicates that the oxidation of Mg-Zn alloys initiates ∼50 °C earlier than Mg along with a higher oxidation rate, which could be attributed to the lower melting point of MgZn 2 and Zn. In addition, the oxidation rate of Mg-Zn alloys is also higher than Mg that is the result of significantly lower apparent activation energy of Mg-Zn alloys than Mg. Due to the great discrepancy of melting and evaporation point between Mg, MgZn 2 , and Zn, a visible microexplosion phenomenon has been observed during the combustion process of Mg-Zn alloys. Then, Mg-Zn alloys have been applied as the fuel to replace Mg in Mg/PTFE pyrotechnics. The ignition delay of Mg-Zn/PTEE composites is shorter than that of Mg/PTFE, which is due to the easier oxidization initiation of Mg-Zn alloys compared to Mg. Besides, the lower melting and evaporation points of MgZn 2 and Zn than Mg can accelerate the combustion of Mg-Zn alloys, leading to the improved peak pressure and reaction rate of Mg-Zn/PTEE. Thus, the lower apparent activation energy of Mg-Zn alloys and the lower melting point of MgZn 2 and Zn could promote the energetic kinetics of Mg-Zn alloys synergistically. Above all, the prepared Mg-Zn alloys in this study are ambitious candidates in pyrotechnics for controllable ignition and reactivity kinetics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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燃烧学
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烟火技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2018
·Vol. 6
·期 23
·10947-10957
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IF 9.931
Xiaoqin Sun,Gang Liu,Xiaoxiang Xu
Although SrNbO2N has a promising band gap of ∼1.8 eV for solar water splitting, its photocatalytic activity is generally very poor under ordinary conditions, primarily due to high defect levels caused by synthetic procedures. In this work, we managed to control defect levels inside SrNbO2N by incorporating Mg into the structure, i.e. SrMgx/3Nb1−x/3O2+yN1−y (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). Strikingly, a number of important properties such as band gap value, defect level, nitrogen content and particle size can be tuned by varying the amounts of Mg in the structure. More importantly, efficient photocatalytic water oxidation into oxygen was realized using these Mg modified SrNbO2N. An apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) as high as 5.13% was reached at 420 ± 20 nm for SrMg0.2Nb0.8O2+yN1−y (x = 0.6), which stands as the highest AQE reported to date for SrNbO2N. Mott–Schottky and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed the shift of valence band maximum of SrNbO2N in response to Mg uptake. Moreover, open-circuit voltage decay measurements confirmed a much prolonged charge lifetime in Mg modified SrNbO2N. Thus, Mg serves not only to tailor band edge positions but also to ameliorate charge separation conditions in SrNbO2N, both of which contribute to the superior photocatalytic activities.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Materials
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2023
·Vol. 16
·期 16
·5511
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IF 3.4
Anyu Yue,Yong Cao,Yi Zhang,Shenggang Zhou
The Mg-Li alloy stands as the lightest metallic structural material known to date, finding a wide range of applications. However, its development has been hindered by its susceptibility to oxidation and corrosion. In this study, we aimed to address this issue by employing electroless deposition to form a protective zinc layer on the surface of a magnesium–lithium alloy. The optimization of the zinc layer was achieved through varying parameters such as the zinc dipping time (1~10 min), temperature (20~70 °C), and zinc content (20~200 g/L). Surface characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction, while electrochemical tests and scratch tests were conducted to evaluate corrosion resistance and coating adhesion. The results demonstrated the successful formation of a uniform and dense pure zinc layer on the surface of the Mg-Li alloy when the zinc-dipping time was set at 5 min, the temperature was at 30 °C, and the zinc content was at 50 g/L. Under these conditions, the corrosion potential of the Mg-Li alloy experienced the greatest positive shift, reaching as high as −1.38 V. Additionally, the corrosion current was minimized, measuring at 2.78 × 10−6A/cm2. Furthermore, the maximum arc tolerance radius was observed. Consequently, the electroless deposition of zinc onto Mg-Li alloys significantly improves their corrosion resistance and bonding, opening up new prospects for the application of zinc-plated Mg-Li alloys.Keywords:Mg-Li alloy;electroless-deposited;zinc coating;corrosion resistance
研究领域:
材料科学
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腐蚀工程
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表面工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
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2024
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IF 8.9
Fangzhao Pang,Yongxin Wu,Xiaowei Liu,Xiang Chen,Lei Guo,Shuaibo Gao,Kaifa Du,Dihua Wang,Huayi Yin
The corrosion of positive grid alloys is important for determining the service life of lead-acid batteries (LABs). Herein, we prepared a series of PbCaSnAl-M (M = Mg, Sr, Ba) alloys by an induction melter and systematically investigated the effect of Mg, Sr and Ba on their microstructures and corrosion resistance. The results show that the average grain size of PbCaSnAl-Mg reduces from 14.56 μm to 11.96 μm, and the average grain size of PbCaSnAl-Sr and PbCaSnAl-Ba increases to 25.95 μm and 39.17 μm, respectively. The addition of Sr and Ba reduces the corrosion rate of PbCaSnAl alloys from 0.366 mg h −1 cm −2 to 0.258 and 0.289 mg h −1 cm −2 , respectively. The increase corrosion resistance is due to the Sr and Ba change the microstructures of the corrosion layer and improve the densification of the corrosion layer.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2018
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IF 5.116
Jing Zeng,Zulai Cao,Yang Yang,Yunhui Wang,Yueying Peng,Yiyong Zhang,Jing Wang,Jinbao Zhao
The commercial applications of rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are hindered by the slow diffusion kinetic of Mg 2+ ions in cathode materials. To overcome this problem, we design a new Na-Mg hybrid battery with the NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 @Carbon (NTP@C) nanoparticles as a cathode material, the Mg metal as an anode and the Mg(TFSI) 2 + NaBH 4 - triglyme/1,2-Dimethoxyethane (DME) as a hybrid electrolyte. For the first time, the Mg(TFSI) 2 is applied as a Mg 2+ ions source in the chlorine-free Na-Mg hybrid electrolyte with NaBH 4 as both Na + ions source and moisture scavenger. The NTP@C/Mg hybrid battery shows excellent electrochemical performance. The corresponding average capacity decay after 1000 cycles is only 0.004% and 0.008% per cycle at 2 C and 10 C, respectively. Even at 20 C, about 60 mAh g −1 can be obtained after 26000 cycles. The impressive capacity retention of 93.7% and 90.2% can be obtained at 5 and 10 C, respectively. The excellent electrochemical performance of the hybrid battery confirms the feasibility using Mg(TFSI) 2 in the chlorine-free hybrid electrolyte for long term cycle. The developed NTP@C/Mg hybrid battery possesses the advantages of excellent electrochemical performances, good safety and low cost, making it promising for the commercial applications, especially for the large-scale energy storages.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2019
·Vol. 7
·期 17
·10723-10728
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IF 10.733
Hao Zhong,Liuzhang Ouyang,Meiqin Zeng,Jiangwen Liu,Hui Wang,Huaiyu Shao,Michael Felderhoff,Min Zhu
The regeneration of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is crucial to form a closed cycle after it either supplies hydrogen energy via a hydrolysis process or provides energy through electron transfer at the anode of direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs). In both of these cases, the spent fuels are NaB(OH)4 from NaBO2 aqueous solution. However, the current regeneration process from (NaB(OH)4)·xH2O to form NaBH4 by reduction reaction and calcination at high temperature with metal hydrides as reducing agents is very expensive. In this work, we developed a simple regeneration process via ball milling with Mg–Al alloys as the reducing agent for NaB(OH)4 under an argon atmosphere. Under optimized conditions, a high yield of about 72% of NaBH4 could be obtained. Mechanistic study showed that all the hydrogen atoms from NaB(OH)4 remain in NaBH4 and no additional hydrogen sources are needed for the reduction process. The inexpensive Mg–Al alloy works as a reducing agent transforming the H+ to H− in NaBH4. This approach demonstrates a ∼20-fold cost reduction compared with the method using metal hydrides. This opens the door to the commercial implementation of simple ball milling processes for the regeneration of spent NaBH4 from NaB(OH)4 with cheap reducing agents.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
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2020
·Vol. 167
·期 14
·146508
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IF 3.721
Shaolong Li,Yusi Che,Jianxun Song,Yongchun Shu,Jilin He,Baoqiang Xu,Bin Yang
Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of Mg(II) in LiCl-KCl eutectic melt were investigated by electrochemical techniques. The diffusion coefficients of Mg(II) in the melt at various temperatures were studied by cyclic voltammetry, and the activation energy of Mg(II)/Mg was calculated to be (48.5 ± 3.7) kJ mol−1. The exchange current densities and reaction rate constants of Mg(II)/Mg at different temperatures from 773 K to 873 K were calculated by testing polarization curves on Mo electrode, and results showed that the exchange current densities became larger as the temperature increased. Equilibrium potentials of Mg(II)/Mg on Mo electrode and liquid Zn electrode were also tested by open circuit potential method. Subsequently, the apparent standard potential of Mg(II)/Mg, apparent standard Gibbs energy for the formation of MgCl2 and activity coefficients of Mg in the liquid Zn were calculated. Finally, metallic Mg was extracted in the form of Zn-Mg alloys by galvanostatic electrolysis on liquid Zn electrode. The deposit was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Mg2Zn11 was detected in the deposit.
研究领域:
冶金学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2011
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IF 4.057
Y.J. Chai,Z.Y. Liu,H.N. Gao,Z.Y. Zhao,N. Wang,D.L. Hou
A nanoporous Ni layer on the surface of Mg was prepared utilizing the reduction reaction of Ni 2+ by Mg in NiCl 2 .12H 2 O solution. XRD result showed that the product was composed of cubic Ni, hexagonal Mg and little Mg(OH) 2 . SEM and TEM results suggested that a nanoporous Ni layer microencapsulated Mg and formed Ni@Mg. The specific surface area of Ni@Mg formed in this reaction was 65.3 m 2 /g. Hydrogen uptake increased as the temperature increased. Moreover, Ni@Mg showed a reversible hydriding-dehydriding process without formation of the stable hydrides, which indicated that the nanoporous Ni layer on the surface of Mg showed an obvious physisorption characteristics rather than hydrogen storage behavior of Mg.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2022
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IF 24.319
Guoan Lin,Xiaoqin Sun,Xiaoxiang Xu
LaTiO 2 N is modified by Mg doping to construct solid solution series, i.e ., LaTi 1−x Mg x O 2+y N 1−y (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5). This modification effectively decreases the defect concentration (particularly bulk Ti 3+ species and anion vacancies), increases the surface hydrophilicity, positively shifts the valence band top albeit it also enlarges the bandgap and induces Ti/Mg ordering when x ≥ 0.2. These competitive tensions render an optimal composition at LaTi 0.9 Mg 0.1 O 2+y N 1−y (x = 0.1) where both a low defect concentration and a disordered state of Ti/Mg can be reached, demonstrating much-improved photocarrier separation and exceptional photocatalytic activity with apparent quantum efficiency as high as 13.02 % at 420 ± 20 nm for O 2 -evolution. Overall water splitting (H 2 /O 2 molar ratio = 2/1) with good recycling stability has been realized by integrating LaTi 0.9 Mg 0.1 O 2+y N 1−y into a Z-scheme system. These findings justify the efficacy of Mg as a useful modulator to improve the photocatalytic performance of metal oxynitrides.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2020
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IF 7.888
Hong Zhang,Shunhang Wei,Xiaoxiang Xu
BaTaO 2 N owns a promising band gap of 1.8 eV and suitable band edge positions but generally exhibits poor photocatalytic activity for water splitting reactions. In this work, we have modified BaTaO 2 N by introducing Mg to the B site of perovskite lattice to form a new compound, i.e. BaTa 0.95 Mg 0.05 O 2+x N 1−y . This modification results in an alteration to a number of important parameters such as unit cell size, nitrogen content, optical absorption and microstructures etc. More importantly, Mg modifications are responsible for stronger Ta-O/N bonds, lower Ta 4+ defects concentration and positively shift of band edge positions, which in turn contribute to high photocatalytic activities for water oxidation reactions. Apparent quantum efficiency as high as 2.59% has been realized at 420 ± 20 nm, being the highest for BaTaO 2 N reported to date under similar conditions. Further photoelectrochemical analysis confirms better charge utilizations in Mg modified BaTaO 2 N.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学
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DOI
高影响因子
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