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Formation Mechanism and Optical Property Changes of Porous Polystyrene Films Prepared by Blade Coating With Carbon Black Participating

Yiran Gu,Peng Zhu,Huapeng Zhang

Here, porous polystyrene (PS)/carbon black (CB) films were prepared using a blade coating method with different precursor liquid layer thicknesses. Firstly, the scattering efficiency, extinction efficiency, and absorption efficiency of a single air pore or CB with various diameters were simulated based on the Mie theory. Secondly, the correlation between optical properties and internal structures of porous PS/CB films was systematically characterized, relying on the color highlighting effect of CB. Thirdly, the morphological changes during the evaporation process of thicker precursor liquid layers and their corresponding internal structures were studied in depth using CB as a color marker. Thus, the formation mechanism of porous polymer films prepared by blade coating was inferred. When the polymer solution layer is thin, its evaporation process is fast, resulting in a uniform porous structure. If the polymer solution layer is thick, its evaporation time will be longer. After phase separation, the coalescence or Ostwald ripening will happen, resulting in internal defects such as cavities. Especially, as its evaporation is limited, the capillary action generated by slow and single-direction evaporation would lead to bottom collapse and repeated changes in optical appearance.