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Room temperature g-C3N4/Mo1.33CTx-based enhanced acetone gas sensor by visible light excitation for highly responsive and rapidly recoverable diabetic breath detection

Chenxing Wang,Yinghao Xie,Yong Liu,Jing Wang,Shixiang Sun,Xiaoteng Jia,Qingrun Li,Liang Zhu,Fangmeng Liu,Geyu Lu

MXenes are characterized by high specific surface area and narrow band gap, while in-plan order MXene (i-MXene) provides enhanced ordered active sites through a vacancy structure, making it a promising 2D material for room temperature gas sensors. However, MXene-based gas sensors face challenges such as low response value, high limit of detection (LOD), poor recoverability, and long response/recovery time. Herein, we fabricated a room temperature gas sensor using g-C 3 N 4 /Mo 1.33 CT x sensing material and explored its sensing performance under visible light excitation. The visible light excitation brought a substantial enhancement in acetone sensing performance (328.8 % response in 2.5 ppm acetone), which was a 3.4-fold improvement compared with the dark scenarios. The LOD of the sensor was reduced to 50 ppb by visible light excitation, and the response/recovery time (15 s/34 s, in 2.5 ppm acetone) was drastically reduced with a high recovery level of > 97 %. Furthermore, mechanism exploration revealed that introducing g-C 3 N 4 material facilitates photogenerated carrier separation and increases gas adsorption sites, therefore achieving a higher gas response under light. This developed sensor achieved success in initial screening for diabetic ketoacidosis via breath analysis, thereby underscoring its potential for clinical diagnostic applications. This work contributes to explain the interaction of i-MXene with volatile organic compound molecules, and validates the prospect of i-MXene materials as sensitive materials for gas sensors.