ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Hao Wu,Xiping Yuan,Yong He,Jinwei Gao,Min Xie,Zhonggui Xie,Rui Song,Dongsheng Ou
Niclosamide (NIC) is a commonly used insecticide and molluscicide in the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in fish. The utilization of NIC has the potential to disrupt the microbial community present on the mucosal tissue of fish, leading to localized inflammatory responses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of NIC on the immune system and bacterial populations within the gill and gut of Mylopharyngodon piceus . Fish were subjected to varying concentrations of NIC, including a control group (0 μg/L), a low NIC group (15% 96 h LC50, LNG, 9.8 μg/L), and a high NIC group (80% 96 h LC50, HNG, 52.5 μg/L). Gill and gut samples were collected 28 days post-exposure for analysis. The findings revealed that the 96-h LC 50 for NIC was determined to be 65.7 μg/L, and histopathological examination demonstrated that exposure to NIC resulted in gill filament subepithelial edema, exfoliation, degeneration, and a decrease in gill filament length. Furthermore, the gut exhibited apical enterocyte degeneration and leucocyte infiltration following NIC exposure. Additionally, NIC exposure led to a significant elevation in the levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement component 3 (C3), and complement component 4 (C4) in both gill and gut tissues. Moreover, the activity of lysozyme (LYZ) was enhanced in the gill, while the activities of peroxidase (POD) and immunoglobulin T (IgT) were increased in gut tissue. The exposure to NIC resulted in enhanced mRNA expression of c3 , c9 , tnfα , il6 , il8 , and il11 in the gill tissue, while decreasing c3 and il8 expression in the gut tissue. Furthermore, the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein ( nramp ) mRNA increased, and liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 ( leap2 ) mRNA decreased in gill and gut tissues. And hepcidin ( hepc ) mRNA levels rose in gill but fell in gut tissue. NIC exposure also led to a decrease in gill bacterial richness and diversity, which significantly differed from the control group, although this separation was not significant in the gut tissue. In conclusion, the administration of NIC resulted in alterations in both the immune response and mucosal microbiota of fish. Furthermore, it was noted that gills displayed a heightened vulnerability to sublethal effects of NIC in comparison to gut tissues.
研究领域:
水生毒理学
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免疫学
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微生物学
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鱼类生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Life-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·544
·
IF 3.2
Hao Wu,Xiping Yuan,Xing Tian,Jinwei Gao,Min Xie,Zhonggui Xie,Rui Song,Dongsheng Ou
Niclosamide (NIC) is a potent salicylanilide molluscicide/helminthicide commonly utilized for parasite and mollusc control in aquatic environments. Due to its persistent presence in water bodies, there is growing concern regarding its impact on aquatic organisms, yet this remains inadequately elucidated. Consequently, this study aims to assess the hepatotoxic effects and detoxification capacity of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) in a semi-static system, employing various parameters for analysis. NIC was applied to juvenile black carp at three different concentrations (0, 10 and 50 μg/L) for 28 days in an environmentally realistic manner. Exposure to 50 μg/L NIC resulted in an increase in hepatic lysozyme (LYZ), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and complement 4 (C4) levels while simultaneously causing a decrease in peroxidase (POD) activity. Additionally, NIC exposure exhibited a dose-dependent effect on elevating serum levels of LYZ, ALP, complement 3 (C3), C4, and immunoglobulin T (IgT). Notably, the mRNA levels of immune-related genestnfα,il8, andil6, as well asnrampandleap2, were upregulated in fish exposed to NIC. RNA-Seq analysis identified 219 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) inM. piceusafter NIC exposure, with 94 upregulated and 125 downregulated genes. KEGG and GO analyses showed enrichment in drug metabolism pathways and activities related to oxidoreductase, lip oprotein particles, and cholesterol transport at 50 μg/L NIC. Additionally, numerous genes associated with lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and innate immunity were upregulated in NIC-exposedM. piceus. Taken together, these findings indicate that NIC has the potential to cause hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity inM. piceus. This research offers important insights for further understanding the impact of molluscicide/helminthicide aquatic toxicity in ecosystems.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Wang Xiaoyuan,Wang Ashily Liang,Yang Chenyu,Qiu Weiqiang,Li Li,Jiang Yunzi,Zhao Wenbin,Li Feng,Jin Yinzhe
Peptide–iron chelates were prepared, and their chelating properties were explored. High voltage pulsed electric field (PEF) was used to assist in the extraction of phosvitin (Pv) from Mylopharyngodon piceus roe, and the Pv extract was subsequently treated and enzymolyzed to obtain phosphopeptide (PP). After PEF pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, total antioxidant capacity and Fe 2 ⁺-chelating ability of PP increased by 54.45% and 12.06%, respectively. Peptide–iron chelates (PP 8 -Fe) were prepared using PP with the highest antioxidant activity. Chelate structure determination revealed that PP 8 -Fe was rich in amino acids with strong metal ion chelation capabilities, namely Glu, Asp, and Ser, which accounted for 50.91% of the total amino acids. Compared to PP 8 , PP 8 -Fe exhibited a more loosely structured surface at the microstructural level, increased iron content, a shift in secondary structure from random coil to α-helix and β-sheet, an increase in weighted average particle size from 420.20 ± 2.80 nm to 768.50 ± 1.90 nm, an increase in zeta potential from -33.70 ± 0.60 mV to -3.78 ± 0.46 mV, enhanced hydrophobicity, an increase in ΔH, and good gastrointestinal digestion stability. PP 8 has iron chelating sites, including phosphate, carboxyl, carbonyl, amino groups, and sialic acid residues. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for peptide preparation and enhancement of their bioactivity via PEF pretreatment, while also providing guidance for future research on their chelation mechanisms with metal ions.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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生物技术
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分析化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Genes
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·2196
·
IF 3.5
Hao Wu,Xiping Yuan,Min Xie,Jinwei Gao,Zhenzhen Xiong,Rui Song,Zhonggui Xie,Dongsheng Ou
Niclosamide (NIC, 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide) is a salicylanilide molluscicide, and the extensive utilization and environmental pollution associated with NIC engender a potential hazard to both human health and the wellbeing of aquatic organisms. However, the mechanism of the chronic toxicity of NIC at environmentally relevant concentrations in terms of oxidative stress, metabolic disorder, and barrier functions in black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) is unknown. Therefore, healthy juvenile black carp (M. piceus) (average weight: 38.2 ± 2.5 g) were exposed to NIC at an environmentally realistic concentration (0, 10, and 50 μg/L) for 28 days. The findings of this study indicate that exposure to NIC resulted in reductions in weight gain, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increased expression of the Nrf2 gene. Furthermore, the liver demonstrated a greater accumulation of NIC than that in the gut and gills, as determined with a chemical analysis. Additionally, NIC exposure led to a significant reduction in ATP content and the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase in the gut. Meanwhile, exposure to NIC resulted in a decrease in the liver glucose (Glu) level, gut cholesterol (CHO), and glycogen (Gln) and triglyceride (TG) content in all examined tissues. Conversely, it led to an increase in tissue lactic acid (LA) and acetyl-CoA levels, as well as LDH activity. Furthermore, NIC exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations demonstrated an upregulation in the expression of genes associated with glycolysis, such asPKandGK, while concurrently downregulating the gluconeogenesis geneG6Pase. Additionally, NIC exhibited an upregulation in the expression of genes related toβ-oxidation, such asCPT1andACOX, while downregulating genes involved in triglyceride synthesis, includingSREBP1,GPAT,FAS, andACC1. Moreover, NIC facilitated fatty acid transportation through the overexpression ofFATPandFat/cd36. These results suggest that chronic exposure to NIC is associated with oxidative stress, compromised barrier function, and metabolic disorder. Moreover, these results underscore the significance of assessing the potential consequences of NIC for black carp and aquatic environments for aquaculture.Keywords:niclosamide;oxidative stress;metabolic disorder;barrier functions;black carp
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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水产养殖
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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