ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2025
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IF 6.1
Xiuru Zhang,Zhuangzhuang Liu,Yuna Li,Jingqin He,Lulu Yang,Yulin Yan,Shanshan Tong,Yeqi Wang,Tao Zhang
Lead (Pb), a persistent heavy metal, has caused widespread environmental contamination due to its extensive industrial use. Among its compounds, lead acetate (PbAc) is particularly hazardous in aqueous form, exhibiting neurotoxic potential. However, its toxic effects on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study demonstrates that zebrafish embryos exposed to varying concentrations of PbAc exhibit dose-dependent morphological abnormalities, including growth retardation, delayed hatching, and cardiovascular dysfunction, along with pronounced neurobehavioral deficits in both embryonic and adult zebrafish. Live imaging analysis revealed that both acute and chronic exposure to different concentrations of PbAc can induce cerebral hemorrhage and BBB dysfunction. Additionally, PbAc selectively disrupted cerebral angiogenesis without affecting trunk intersegmental vessels and significantly reduced pericyte coverage within both cerebral and trunk vessels. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing and qPCR validation revealed significant upregulation of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in PbAc-exposed embryos. Pharmacological inhibition of MMP-9/13 using polygalacic acid significantly reduced cerebral hemorrhage and restored pericyte coverage, suggesting that these proteases mediate PbAc-induced cerebrovascular damage. Overall, our findings underscore the ecological and public health risks associated with lead contamination and provide a basis for future therapeutic strategies targeting MMPs to mitigate heavy metal toxicity.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2026
·Vol. 27
·期 5
·2111
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IF 5.6
Mengting Xu,Yunmiao Ma,Mengxin Liu,Yueqiu Chen,Zongyi Duan,Zhenya Shen,Yanchao Han
Congenital valve defects account for a substantial proportion of cardiovascular malformations, yet the molecular mechanisms orchestrating cardiac valve development remain incompletely elucidated. While Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is essential for valvulogenesis, the specific contributions of individual BMP ligands, particularly the teleost-specificbmp16, have not been characterized. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we generated abmp16null knockout and delineated critical roles of this ligand in valvular morphogenesis.bmp16knockout embryos display a significant reduction in Sox9-positive valvular cells and exhibit severely dysplastic arterial valves, characterized by increased interleaflet distance, thickened leaflets, and shortened leaflet lengths. These morphological abnormalities correlate with impaired valve function, culminating in progressive blood regurgitation, ventricular dilation, and pericardial edema. Mechanistically, loss ofbmp16or pharmacological inhibition of BMP signaling significantly downregulatesnotch1bexpression in developing valves, while pharmacological activation of Notch signaling rescues the regurgitation phenotype inbmp16mutants. Collectively, our findings establishbmp16as a novel regulator of valve development and uncover a functional BMP-Notch signaling axis required for vertebrate valvulogenesis, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern cardiac valve formation and pathogenesis.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2025
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IF 5.6
Jia-Qiang Yang,Tao Song,Zhao-Yun Wang,Lei Jin,Yi Zhao,Ren Hu,Jian-Jia Su,Fang-Zu Yang,Dongping Zhan,Lianhuan Han
Metal Interconnection has been becoming the core technology in integrate circuit (IC) industry at post-Moore's law era from chip manufacturing through advanced 3D packaging to high density interconnection (HDI) of printed circuit boards (PCB), which is realized by electroplating copper (Cu) to fill the micro/nano-vias with various aspect ratio. However, the rational screening of Cu-electroplating additives remains challenges because there is no sufficient instrumental method for the real-time observation of the dynamic filling process. To this, we designed a visible electrolytic cell integrated with a microvia chip and recorded the dynamic microvia filling process in operando with a high-resolution video camera. The effects of suppressor, accelerator and leveler and the technique parameters were evaluated in a seeing-is-believing way, and were examined by the practical microvia filling experiments in PCB. This instrumental method, opens the “black box” of microvia filling process for metal interconnection, provides the most direct way for in-situ screening electroplating additives and will definitely facilitate the fundamental research and technical development of metal interconnection of IC manufacturing.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2026
·Vol. 27
·期 3
·1367
·
IF 4.9
Yuyan Jiang,Yijian Chen,Zeri Huang,Lian Chen,Xiao Huang
Tyrosinase, encoded byTyr, is a key rate-limiting enzyme in melanin biosynthesis. Knockout ofTyrresults in a distinct albino phenotype, making it a widely used target for evaluating gene-editing efficiency. Here, we found that the tyrosinase-deficient skin melanophore lineage ofXenopus tropicalis(X. tropicalis) tadpoles shows strong autofluorescence under the GFP filter, which may interfere with in vivo fluorescence imaging. Through spectral scanning analysis, we characterized the emission spectrum of the autofluorescence under commonly used excitation wavelengths for fluorescent proteins. Based on this, we established a reference protocol for identifying and excluding such interference inTyr-targeted knockin studies. Furthermore, knockout of the GTP cyclohydrolase 2 gene (Gch2) using CRISPR-Cas9 significantly reduced the fluorescence intensity induced by tyrosinase deficiency, indicating an essential role of the enzyme and its mediated pterine biosynthesis in the generation of the autofluorescence. This study systematically characterized these fluorescent mutant melanophores inX. tropicalistadpoles, providing a practical basis for avoiding fluorescent interference in experimental science and a new perspective on pigment cell development and evolution.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Wulan Zeng,Xia Wang,Xiangjun Kong,Youwang Li,Yunju Zhang
A new spirocompound containing thiourea group 1-((2,4-dioxo-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ylidene)methyl)-3-phenylthiourea (DMP) was designed and obtained. The compound (DMP) was confirmed using the single X-ray diffraction, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR, IR, Raman, MS and UV–Vis. The DFT calculations of molecular structure, infrared and Raman spectroscopy and electronic transition were performed using the two different levels of B3LYP/cc-pVDZ/ and B3LYP/6–311G(d, p). The theoretical results match with the experimental ones. The gap energy of HOMO and LUMO of DMP was 3.88 eV. The DMP is thermally stable up to 200 °C according to the data obtained from TG analysis. Finally, the Mulliken population analysis, Hirshfeld surfaces analysis, MEP, NLO and NBO of DMP were discussed.
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AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
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2023
·
IF 2
Tingting Hou,Zaizhao Wang,Kui Tang,Shuai Zhang,Shilin Liu,Jialiang Liu,Xiaoteng Fan,Xiaolin Liu
This study investigated the capability for fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae with the mechanism of FCS isolated from green and purple sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus (G-FCS and P-FCS). HPGPC determined that mean molecular weight of purified G-FCS and P-FCS is 19.5 and 18.8 kDa, and the FT-IR spectrum displayed similar characteristic absorption peaks. AFM images presented that G-FCS was shown as a spherical polysaccharide, while P-FCS molecules exhibited elongated chains. For the regeneration examination, FCS increased the regrowth area of the larval fin at 48 hours postamputation with enhanced locomotor behaviors, and the transcription levels of regeneration-related genes (Wnt10a, msx1b, fgf20a, bmp2a, bmp4, and igf2b) were upregulated. Moreover, FCS promoted the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors (iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ) and TLR/NF-κB pathway-related genes (TLR3, TLR4a, NF-κb, and MyD88). The Western blot analyses of TNF-α and IL-1β supported that FCS enhanced immune response. ELISA results indicated that FCSs increased the contents of NO, CAT, SOD, and G6PD. Summarily, the present results suggested that FCS was a potential regeneration enhancer by elevating immunomodulatory and antioxidative processes in zebrafish.
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CHEMOSPHERE
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2022
·
IF 8.943
Huilin Yu,Junhui Zhang,Yinghong Chen,Juan Chen,Yang Qiu,Yan Zhao,Honghao Li,Shengyao Xia,Shiguo Chen,Jiajin Zhu
Fluxapyroxad (Flu), one of the succinate dehydrogenase-inhibited (SDHI) fungicides , has been extensively used in crop fungal disease control. Despite its increasing use in modern agriculture and long-term retention in the environment, the potentially toxic effects of Flu in vivo , especially on neurodevelopment, remain under-evaluated. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to Flu at concentrations of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/L for 96 h to evaluate the neurotoxicity of Flu. The results showed that Flu caused concentration-dependent malformations, including shorter body length, smaller head and eyes, and yolk sac edema. After exposure to Flu, larval zebrafish exhibited severe motor aberrations. Flu at a concentration of 1 mg/L significantly decreased dopamine level and notably altered acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and acetylcholine (ACh) content. Abnormal central nervous system (CNS) neurogenesis and disordered motor neuron development were observed in Tg ( HUC-GFP ) and Tg ( hb9-GFP ) zebrafish in Flu-treated groups. The expression of key genes involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment further proved that Flu impaired the zebrafish nervous system. This work contributes to our understanding of the neurotoxic effects and mechanisms induced by Flu in zebrafish and may help us take precautions against the neurotoxicity of Flu.
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DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
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2021
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IF 3.636
Yu-Chen Pu,Rui Wang,Hui-Hui Liu,Sheng-Ping Lu,Fan-Xi Tang,You-Ming Hou
Recent works have generally indicated that insects exhibit two immune response strategies: external and internal immune defense. However, the immune-related trade-offs and physiological regulatory mechanisms in red palm weevil , a major invasive pest , remain unclear. Based on postinfection survivorship experiments, we initially measured baseline constitutive external immunity (antibacterial activity of external secretions) and internal immunity (phenoloxidase and antibacterial activity of hemolymph) in uninfected individuals. Then, we challenged the individual immune system and examined subsequent investment in immune function. Our data showed that multiple factors (instar, age, sex, mating status, immune treatment) interacted to affect immune components and infection outcomes, but the magnitude and nature of the impact varied in each case. Although immune senescence is a common phenomenon in which immune function decreases with age, different components of the immune system changed differentially. Notably, mating activity may impose an immunity-related cost, with some evidence of sexual dimorphism and age-associated differences. Finally, parameters related to life-history traits usually decreased temporarily because of increased immunity, suggesting that the ultimate consequences of immune function fitness may be physiologically traded off with other fitness aspects, including growth, development, mating, reproduction, and longevity. These results reveal the complex factors that impact immunity as well as the physiological regulation of individual immunity, which may determine the evolution and outcome of immune senescence and trade-offs.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 6.274
Runren Jiang,Guanghua Lu,Jianchao Liu,Donghai Wu,Zhenhua Yan,Yonghua Wang
Reinforcing migration of charge carrier in g-C 3 N 4 photocatalytic system is critical for photocatalytic H 2 evolution. Herein, we constructed a benzene-ring-incorporated g-C 3 N 4 by copolymerization of urea with N-phenylthiourea. A π electron donor-acceptor conjugated structure is formed in which benzene ring is the donor while triazine ring is the acceptor. It is noteworthy that ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation were applied to gain more insight into the properties of the benzene ring with g-C 3 N 4 as the electron donor in the triazine ring. As expected, the introduction of the benzene ring into triazine ring of the g-C 3 N 4 displayed extraordinarily aggrandized hydrogen evolution, which not only crucially modified the π electronic structures and promote π-electron availability, but also played the role of a donor to improve the electron-hole separation. This study revealed that the photocatalytic H 2 evolution of the donor-acceptor system can be further improved by inserting suitable π-conjugated as one of the units.
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BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.275
Ni-Ping Li,Jun-Shan Liu,Jiao-Wen Liu,Hai-Yan Tian,Hong-Ling Zhou,Yuan-Ru Zheng,Xiao-Jun Huang,Jia-Qing Cao,Wen-Cai Ye,Lei Wang
Two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), gelsechizines A-B ( 1 – 2 ), along with four known ones ( 3 – 6 ) were isolated from the fruits of Gelsemium elegans . Compound 1 features a new carbon skeleton with two additional carbon atoms forming a 4-methylpyridine unit. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, MS, X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 – 3 showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro , which may be related to the inhibition of the trecruitment of neutrophils and macrophages as well as the secretion of TNF- α and IL-6. Preliminary structure–activity relationship analysis revealed that the β - N -acrylate moiety plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory effect.
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2020
·
IF 4.225
Lv Jinpeng,Jiang Songzhou,Yang Ying,Zhang Ximei,Gao Rongyin,Cao Yan,Song Guoqiang
FGIN-1-27 is a synthetic mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptor (MDR) agonist that has demonstrated pro-apoptotic, anti-anxiety, and steroidogenic activity in various studies. Here we report, for the first time, the anti-melanogenic efficacy of FGIN-1-27 in vitro and in vivo. FGIN-1-27 significantly inhibited basal and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-, 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG)- and Endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced melanogenesis without cellular toxicity. Mushroom tyrosinase activity assay showed that FGIN-1-27 did not directly inhibit tyrosinase activity, which suggested that FGIN-1-27 was not a direct inhibitor of tyrosinase. Although it was not capable of modulating the catalytic activity of mushroom tyrosinase in vitro, FGIN-1-27 downregulated the expression levels of key proteins that function in melanogenesis. FGIN-1-27 played these functions mainly by suppressing the PKA/CREB, PKC-β, and MAPK pathways. Once inactivated, it decreased the expression of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and inhibited the tyrosinase activity, finally inhibiting melanogenesis. During in vivo experiments, FGIN-1-27 inhibited the body pigmentation of zebrafish and reduced UVB-induced hyperpigmentation in guinea pig skin, but not a reduction of numbers of melanocytes. Our findings indicated that FGIN-1-27 exhibited no cytotoxicity and inhibited melanogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. It may prove quite useful as a safer skin-whitening agent.
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Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
·
2020
·
IF 5.186
Zhang Yan,Wang Yanfei,Yao Xuebo,Wang Changquan,Chen Fangyi,Liu Dong,Shao Ming,Xu Zhigang
Hair cells in the inner ear and lateral lines are mechanosensitive receptor cells whose development and function are tightly regulated. Several transcription factors as well as splicing factors have been identified to play important roles in hair cell development, whereas the role of RNA stability in this process is poorly understood. In the present work, we report that RNA-binding motif protein 24a (Rbm24a) is indispensable for hair cell development in zebrafish. Rbm24a expression is detected in the inner ear as well as lateral line neuromasts. Albeit rbm24a deficient zebrafish do not survive beyond 9 days post fertilization (dpf) due to effects outside of the inner ear, rbm24a deficiency does not affect the early development of inner ear except for delayed otolith formation and semicircular canal fusion. However, hair cell development is severely affected and hair bundle is disorganized in rbm24a mutants. As a result, the auditory and vestibular function of rbm24a mutants are compromised. RNAseq analyses identified several Rbm24a-target mRNAs that are directly bound by Rbm24a and are dysregulated in rbm24a mutants. Among the identified Rbm24a-target genes, lrrc23, dfna5b, and smpx are particularly interesting as their dysregulation might contribute to the inner ear phenotypes in rbm24a mutants. In conclusion, our data suggest that Rbm24a affects hair cell development in zebrafish through regulating mRNA stability.
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