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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE · 2021 ·Vol. 102 ·期 6 ·2321-2329 · IF 3.639

Thiocyanate increases the nitrous oxide formation process through modifying the soil bacterial community

Jian Gao,Meng M Li,Guangyong Zhao

BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a potent greenhouse gas depleting the stratospheric ozone. Previous studies reported that the thiocyanate (TC) excretion in the urine of cattle fed rapeseed meals containing glucosinolates was positively correlated with the N 2 O-nitrogen (N) emissions. The objectives of the experiment were to verify the effects and the mechanism of TC on the N 2 O-N emissions from the soil applied with artificial urine using static incubation technique. Four levels of TC, that is 0.00, 0.26, 0.78 and 2.33 mmol L −1 were composited in artificial urine as experimental treatments. Soil inorganic N and bacterial community were analyzed to elucidate the effects of TC on the N 2 O-N emissions of artificial urine. RESULTS Adding TC increased the N 2 O-N fluxes, the N 2 O-N to N application ratio, and the estimated N 2 O-N emissions from the soil applied with artificial urine both linearly and quadratically. The estimated N 2 O-N emission ( Y , in μmol) was increased with the TC adding level ( X , in μmol) in a quadratic manner: Y = 52.57 + 4.47 X − 0.123 X 2 ( R 2 = 0.70). Adding TC did not affect the soil bacterial diversity and richness, but increased the relative abundances of Nitrosomonas (both for nitrification and denitrification) and Hyphomicrobium , Lysobacter and Terrimonas (for denitrification), and tended to increase the relative abundances of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. CONCLUSION TC increased the N 2 O-N emissions of the soil applied with artificial urine possibly through enhancing the denitrification of nitrifiers in the soil. Field experiments are necessary to verify the laboratory results. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

CAS / MDL: 540-72-7

研究领域: 环境科学 · 微生物学 · 土壤学

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ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY · 2021 · IF 3.247

Dietary supplementation with red cabbage extract rich in anthocyanins increases urinary hippuric acid excretion and consequently decreases nitrous oxide emissions in beef bulls

Jian Gao,Bingbing Cheng,Yufeng Liu,Meng M. Li,Guangyong Zhao

Two consecutive experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with red cabbage extract (RCE) rich in anthocyanins on the nitrogen (N) metabolism in beef bulls and the nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from the soil applied with the urine of beef bulls. In Experiment 1, 8 Simmental beef bulls (body weight 387.9 ± 40.7 kg) were used as experimental animals . Two levels of RCE, i.e. 0 and 114 g dry matter per day, were supplemented to a basal ration as experimental treatments. The animals and the treatments were allocated in a 2 × 2 crossover design. In Experiment 2, the static incubation technique was used to determine the N 2 O-N emissions from the soil applied with the urine samples collected from Experiment 1. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that RCE supplementation did not affect the N excretion, N retention, and N retention rate in beef bulls ( P > 0.10). However, RCE supplementation increased the ratio of hippuric acid-N/urinary N ( P < 0.05) and tended to increase the ratio of creatinine-N/urinary N ( P = 0.081) without changing the excretion of other urinary nitrogenous components ( P > 0.10). Plasma metabolome analysis indicated that RCE supplementation upregulated 12 metabolites while downregulated 18 metabolites ( P < 0.05). The results of Experiment 2 indicated that RCE supplementation reduced the estimated urine N 2 O-N emissions by 33.1% through decreasing the ratio of N 2 O-N/urine-N ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, RCE supplementation did not affect the N retention and N excretion of beef bulls, whereas it attenuated the urine N 2 O-N emissions of beef bulls through increasing urinary hippuric acid excretions.

CAS / MDL: 149-91-7 522-12-3

研究领域: 动物科学 · 环境科学 · 营养学

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Thiocyanate increases the nitrous oxide formation process through modifying the soil bacterial community

Dietary supplementation with red cabbage extract rich in anthocyanins increases urinary hippuric acid excretion and consequently decreases nitrous oxide emissions in beef bulls