Arsenic is an environmental contaminant with potent renal toxicity. Accumulating evidence has indicated that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in kidney disease. However, the role of gut microbiota in arsenic-exposure-induced renal injury remains unclear. In our study, chronic exposure to NaAsO2 and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from NaAsO2-exposed mice increased intestinal permeability and elevated renal indoxyl sulfate (IS), a key metabolite of gut microbiota, which promoted renal fibrosis and activated the AhR/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Moreover, AST-120, a non-specific adsorbent, alleviated chronic NaAsO2 exposure-induced renal fibrosis by reducing the IS level in mice. In HK-2 cells, IS mediated NaAsO2-induced fibrosis via the AhR/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Collectively, we confirmed that chronic exposure to NaAsO2 caused renal fibrosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Meanwhile, the gut–kidney axis plays a significant role in the mechanism of NaAsO2-induced renal fibrosis, providing a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of arseniasis.
A colorimetric method for detection of DNA damage was developed by using hemin-graphene nanosheets (H-GNs). H-GNs were skillfully synthesized by adsorping of hemin on graphene through π–π interactions. The as-prepared H-GNs possessed both the ability of graphene to differentiate the damage DNA from intact DNA and the catalytic action of hemin. The damaged DNA made H-GNs coagulated to different degrees from the intact DNA because there were different amount of negative charge exposed on their surface, which made a great impact on the solubility of H-GNs. As a result, the corresponding centrifugal supernatant of H-GNs solution showed different color in the presence of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H 2 O 2 , which could be discriminated by naked eyes or by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectrometer. Based on this, the damaged effects of styrene oxide (SO), NaAsO 2 and UV radiation on DNA were studied. Results showed that SO exerted most serious damage effect on DNA although all of them damaged DNA seriously. The new method for detection of DNA damage showed good prospect in the evaluation of genotoxicity of new compounds, the maximum limit of pesticide residue, food additives, and so on, which is important in the fields of food science, pharmaceutical science and pesticide science.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）