MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2021
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IF 4.765
Qingyou Meng,Yuankai Xu,Zhitao Yuan,Xuan Zhao,Yusheng Du
The mixed BHA/NaOL surfactant was proposed as a flotation collector for the separation of ilmenite from titanaugite. Both experimental and computational studies were applied to reveal the interaction mechanism between minerals and mixed BHA/NaOL collector. Microflotation tests showed that the floatability of ilmenite was higher than titanaugite with mixed BHA/NaOL collector. The experiment of artificially mixed minerals achieved an excellent indicator with 86.50% of recovery and 39.42% of TiO 2 grade. The results of zeta potential, AFM and XPS analyses indicated that the mixed BHA/NaOL interacted with Fe and Pb active sites and co-adsorbed onto the ilmenite surface, but only physical adsorption on the titanaugite surface. Simulation results evidenced that BHA/NaOL collectors could substitute water molecules on ilmenite surface rather than titanaugite and form a stable hydrophobic layer on the ilmenite surface. These observations contributed to enlarging the floatability difference between ilmenite and titanaugite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
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DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2021
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IF 4.765
Yuankai Xu,Zhitao Yuan,Qingyou Meng,Xuan Zhao,Yusheng Du
The mixed BHA/NaOL collector was studied to improve the floatability of ilmenite in the presence of lead ions. The mechanism was discussed through surface tension measurements, zeta potential measurements, adsorption amount measurements, and XPS analysis. Microflotation results show that the mixed BHA/NaOL collector exhibited a better performance on the floatability of ilmenite than single BHA and NaOL collector. The recovery of ilmenite was 92.9% when the molar ratio of BHA/NaOL was set to 7:3. The adsorption amount of mixed collectors on the ilmenite surface was greater than that of equivalent single BHA and NaOL. The results of surface tension suggest that there was synergism between BHA and NaOL in aqueous solution. Zeta potential results indicate that mixed BHA/NaOL adsorbed onto ilmenite surface and had a more negative shift than single BHA. XPS results further confirm that BHA and NaOL adsorbed onto the ilmenite surface through chemisorption and hydrogen bonds.
研究领域:
矿物加工
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表面化学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2024
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IF 5.3
Yongchao Miao,Shuming Wen,Qicheng Feng,Shaojun Bai
The efficient flotation of microfine ilmenite is attracting growing interest in the field of mineral processing. In this study, the flotability of microfine ilmenite (18–37 μm) with a single collector (NaOL or OHA) or mixed collector (NaOL/OHA) was studied by micro-flotation tests, and the molar ratio of the two collectors to maximize ilmenite flotation was determined. The positive synergistic effect between the two collectors was confirmed by a surface tension calculation. Zeta potential, adsorption experiment, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements (XPS) showed that the mixed collector could co-adsorb at the Ti and Fe sites on the surface of ilmenite and the adsorption strength of the mixed collector was stronger than that of either single collector. The adsorption morphology of flotation reagents on the mineral surface was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which confirmed that the mixed collector had high coverage on the ilmenite surface, indicating the existence of co-adsorption. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicated that the relative concentration of water in the hydration film on the ilmenite surface decreased considerably and the hydrophobicity increased after exposure to the mixed collector.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
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DOI
高影响因子
AIP Advances
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2022
·Vol. 12
·期 8
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IF 1.697
Wei Ming-Zhang,Deng Tian-Song,Zhang Qi,Chen Xi,Cheng Zhiqun,Li Shiqi,Gu Yi-Jie
The roles of CTAB and Ag + have been discovered and given us a deeper understanding of the seed-mediated method in the gold nanorods synthesis. Former work used binary surfactants CTAB + NaOL (sodium oleate) to greatly improve the dimensional tunability and monodispersity of gold nanorods. However, they only used a few of the concentration combinations of the binary surfactants, and the influence of NaOL under this method has not been systematically studied. In this work, we carried out systematic experiments under the variation of NaOL and used transmission electron microscopy and UV–vis-near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor the growth process of the gold nanorods. The results showed that the NaOL contributed to the symmetry breaking process. We discovered the ideal ranges of NaOL concentration under different concentrations of CTAB (10–40 mM). Lower concentrations of NaOL produced many impurities, such as Au spheres, while higher concentrations of NaOL led to the decrease of monodispersity of the obtained gold nanorods. A growth model based on the balance of diffusion/reduction of the growth solution has been proposed in order to explain the formation of the gold nanorods.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.2
Yu Xie,Xiaoqi Ban,Wanzhong Yin,Jin Yao
This study systematically investigated the impact of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) corrosion pretreatment on hematite flotation within the NaOL system, analyzing the influence of varying HCl concentrations (measured as pH) on hematite acid corrosion. The results showed that at pH = 1, after 4 min of acid corrosion, hematite exhibited optimal floatability, achieving a recovery rate of 82.49 %, significantly surpassing the original ore. Conversely, at pH = 5, after the same duration of acid corrosion, hematite’s flotation is inhibited, yielding a recovery rate of 59.38 %, lower than the original ore. Through contact angle, adsorption amount measurements, and AFM detection, it is observed that after corrosion in pH = 1 HCl solution, hematite surface roughness increases, more NaOL collector is adsorbed, leading to significant hydrophobicity enhancement. After corrosion in pH 5 weak acid environment, despite increased surface roughness, hematite surface was coated with particulate matter, greatly reducing NaOL adsorption and further decreasing hydrophobicity. Further analysis using FTIR, XPS, and hydrolysis component calculation indicated that after acid corrosion in HCl at pH = 1, hematite exposed more active Fe sites, enhancing flotation performance. Conversely, at pH = 5, surface-dissolved Fe 3+ transformed into hydrophilic Fe(OH) 3 , inhibiting flotation by covering the hematite surface.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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材料科学与工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2023
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IF 8.6
Lingfeng Shen,Ning Sun,Rui Xu,Wei Sun,Li Wang
In this paper, the flotation separation of quartz and feldspar was studied with CaCl 2 as activators and mixed sodium oleate/ dodecylamine (NaOL/DDA) collectors under alkaline condition, and the action mechanism of mixed NaOL/DDA collectors on the quartz and feldspar surfaces were systematically explored. The results of micro-flotation test showed that there were 90.98% quartz and 13.08% feldspar were floated with 0.5 mmol/L CaCl 2 and 2.8 mmol/L mixed NaOL/DDA collectors with molar ratio of 8/1 at pH 10.0. And the artificial mixed minerals flotation manifested these two minerals were able to efficient separation with CaCl 2 and mixed NaOL/DDA collectors at pH 10 ∼ 11. These outcomes indicated that DDA could increase recovery of quartz obviously and reduce about a half dosage of NaOL (from 0.5 mmol/L to 0.25 mmol/L) in flotation under alkaline condition; Meanwhile, mixed NaOL/DDA collectors were able to decreased the flotation separation pH from 12 to 10 on quartz and feldspar. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed that when NaOL collector was added alone, it could adsorb on activated quartz surface but hardly detected on feldspar surface at pH 10. However, they all were found on both quartz and felspar surface when mixed NaOL/DDA collectors were introduced as collectors. Quartz microcrystal balance with dissipation (QCM-D) experiment confirmed that mixed NaOL/DDA collectors showed a higher adsorption mass and more stable adsorption layer on quartz compared with NaOL was introduced as collector alone. In addition, whether CaCl 2 , NaOL or mixed NaOL/DDA, the adsorption mass on quartz sensor were larger than that on feldspar senor, which might cause difference of hydrophobicity on the surface of quartz and feldspar in flotation. The above experiments showed that the mixed NaOL/DDA collectors can significantly improve hydrophobic difference between quartz and feldspar after activating with CaCl 2 and expand the floated pH range of quartz compared with using NaOL as collector alone, which were efficient reagents to separate quartz and feldspar in flotation.
研究领域:
矿物加工
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表面化学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Particuology
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2025
·
IF 4.3
Chengping Deng,Teng He,Liuyang Dong,Yuqiang Mao,Peilun Shen,Dianwen Liu
Dynamic pore wetting plays a major role in the flotation of porous mineral particles. However, the role of chemical properties of the liquids in dynamic pore wetting is not systematically studied. This paper studied the dynamic pore wetting process of the porous carbon particles by 10 g/L NaOL solution and n-hexadecane at different wetting times using a 1 H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). The mechanism of chemical groups of liquids affecting the pore wetting percentage and floatability of porous particles was revealed by FTIR, zeta potential, contact angle, and particle-bubble attachment tests. The results displayed that the pore wetting percentage of the particles wetted by NaOL solution was larger than that by n-hexadecane except for mesopores. Compared with the raw sample, the surface potential of the particles wetted by n-hexadecane was decreased and that by NaOL solution were negative. The NaOL, as an amphiphilic reagent contained some hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups, which was different from the n-hexadecane. The NaOL molecule could be easily adsorbed into the particles by electrostatic interaction compared with n-hexadecane, achieving a better surface hydrophobicity of the particles. Thus, the floatability of porous carbon particles wetted by NaOL solution was larger than that by n-hexadecane.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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界面化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Xin Hu,Xianping Luo,Zishuai Liu,Hepeng Zhou,Xuekun Tang,Zhizhao Yang,Siqi Yang
Quartz and feldspar, both framework silicates, exhibit remarkably similar physicochemical properties, rendering their efficient flotation separation a persistent challenge in mineral processing. Conventional collector systems typically require strongly acidic conditions for effective separation yet still suffer from suboptimal concentrate grades or recoveries. To mitigate water contamination from acidic wastewater discharge and achieve highly selective flotation separation of quartz and feldspar, this study introduces a novel collector combination—tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC) and sodium oleate (NaOL). This system enables selective surface modification of the minerals under neutral pH conditions, thereby accomplishing highly efficient separation. Micro-flotation and artificial mixed ore tests demonstrate TTPC's superior affinity for quartz over feldspar, with NaOL further optimizing separation performance. Floation of artificially mixed ore (initial grades: 82.70 % SiO₂, 10.71 % Al₂O₃) yielded exceptional results: a concentrate grading 98.77 % SiO₂ at 51.80 % recovery, alongside tailings assaying 18.61 % Al₂O₃ with 98.42 % recovery. Mechanistic investigations utilizing a multimodal approach—including high-speed imaging, contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)—elucidated the selective adsorption behavior. Under single-reagent conditions, NaOL shows negligible adsorption on either mineral, while TTPC undergoes electrostatic adsorption on both. During co-treatment, synergistic adsorption of TTPC and NaOL occurs exclusively on quartz, enhancing its floatability. Conversely, NaOL impedes TTPC adsorption on feldspar, maintaining its hydrophilicity. This amplified flotation response differential enables highly selective separation. A conceptual model elucidating the selective adsorption mechanisms on both mineral surfaces is proposed.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面与界面化学
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资源与冶金工程
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胶体与界面科学
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环境友好工艺
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 6
Xinzhuang Fu,Chuanxi Peng,Di Chen,Haisheng Han,Wei Sun,Tong Yue
A surface complexation model framework was developed to quantitatively describe carbonate mineral flotation mechanisms. • Magnesite and calcite both follow a three-zone dissolution mechanism jointly controlled by proton and surface complexation. • The intrinsic constants and site densities of protonation reactions on magnesite and calcite were quantitatively analyzed. • NaOL adsorption occurred via dissolved-ion-bridged bidentate-binuclear coordination on ≡MeOL and ≡CO 3 MeOL sites. For a long time, it has been quite difficult to effectively carry out flotation separation of magnesite and calcite owing to the fact that their physicochemical properties are essentially very similar. However, the primary interfacial mechanisms causing this similar flotation behavior are unknown, impeding predictions of site distribution in the carbonate mineral-collector system. In this study, a multiscale surface complexation modeling (SCM) combining dissolution kinetic, adsorption isotherm, and spectral characterization data was developed. The results demonstrate that magnesite and calcite followed a three-zone dissolution pattern, which was jointly controlled by proton and surface complexation reactions. The release of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ions from the crystal lattice regulated the evolution of surface sites and surface wettability. According to the SCM, the surface densities, protonation constants and species distributions of the magnesite and calcite were very similar. The control of sodium oleate (NaOL) adsorption was via dissolved-ion bridging bidentate-binuclear coordination mechanism operating on ≡MeOL and ≡CO 3 MeOL sites. Calcite demonstrated a marginally higher intrinsic binding affinity than that of magnesite, however, its offset by multisite interactions led to similar adsorption capacities and floatability. XPS and SEM-EDS evidence confirmed the formation of multisite complexes, which were also predicted by the SCM. These findings offer molecular insights into the differing adsorption behavior of NaOL, which enhances our understanding of the reactivity at the flotation interface of carbonate minerals. They could also provide a theoretical basis for controlling and predicting the flotation behavior of carbonate minerals.
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2022
·
IF 9.136
Ya Gao,Xinzhuang Fu,Zujiang Pan,Tong Yue,Wei Sun
Although the relevant direct and revers flotation mechanism has been discussed a lot in diaspore and kaolinite separation, the quantitative analysis of surface-active sites and their reaction descriptions during flotation have not been reported yet. In this study, the hydration and collector adsorption reactions of anionic sodium oleate (NaOL) and cationic hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) onto diaspore and kaolinite were quantized. Surface complexation model (SCM) was referred to obtain intrinsic reaction equilibrium constants. It can be found that for NaOL adsorption, the equilibrium constant of diaspore (10 13.55 ) was obviously bigger than that of kaolinite (10 11.76 and 10 10.35 for ≡AlOH and ≡SiOH, respectively), corresponding to direct flotation of bauxite. While the interaction (10 3.90 for ≡XNR) between the permanent negatively charged site ≡X − and CTAB was much stronger than other sites. Besides, the single adsorbed amount in mixed minerals were successfully predicted at ratios of 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1. Finally, the fitted potential curves were also acceptable to zeta potential tests. These conclusions from SCM calculation can provide strong supports for collector adsorption differences and then help for separation much more efficiently and economically through saving preliminary exploration cost.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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物理化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 5
Tengyue Yuan,Yao Guo,Chao Su,Zhiyuan Wang,Aiyan Zuo,Longhua Xu,Jia Tian,Zhoujie Wang,Kaiqian Shu,Donghui Wang,Kai Xue,Yue Cao
Flotation is a technology that utilizes the differences in hydrophobicity of mineral surfaces to selectively adsorb mineral particles onto bubble surfaces. While traditional research predominantly focuses on mineral-reagent adsorption mechanisms, the role of the foam phase in the flotation process remains insufficiently investigated, particularly in mixed collector systems. In this study, the flotation performance of spodumene with different particle sizes in the NaOL/DDA mixed system was investigated from the perspective of foam properties. Flotation experiments on spodumene with different particle sizes demonstrated higher recovery for intermediate particle size; however, the adsorption heat and adsorption capacity of the agents on the surface of its mineral particles are not the highest. This suggests that the flotation performance of minerals with different particle sizes cannot be fully explained by reagent adsorption mechanisms alone. The results of two-phase foam properties analysis revealed that increasing the DDA proportion in the NaOL/DDA mixed system progressively decreased foaming capacity and foam stability. The results of three-phase foam properties analysis demonstrated that intermediate particle size resulted in significantly enhanced foam stability, consistent with observed flotation performance trends. Through zeta potential measurements, optical microscopy observations, and viscosity measurements, the mechanism of foam stability was studied. It was found that the distribution of surface charges on the bubbles regulated the stability of the foams. Electrostatic interactions not only control the flow rate of the liquid layer, but also indirectly regulate the adhesion of particles and bubbles, thereby affecting the flotation effect of minerals. This investigation provides a novel perspective on interpreting flotation phenomena in mixed collector systems.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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界面与胶体化学
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资源与环境科学
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浮选药剂作用机制
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过程强化与分离技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 6
Hongqin Chen,Yanhai Shao,Xiao Meng,Jinhui Li,Xinru Jia,Hong Lin,Chengxiang Li
An efficient flotation separation strategy for smithsonite and calcite was established using a ternary collector (ABN) and sodium phytate (SP) at weakly alkaline pH. • Optimized SP-ABN system yields a mixed-ore Zn grade of 36.39% with 62.75% recovery. • XPS, AFM and Zeta potential analyses confirm that SP selectively shields calcite via strong Ca-chelation. • SP forms a dense layer on calcite, effectively blocking the adsorption of the ABN collector via steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion. This study systematically investigated the selective depression behavior of sodium phytate (SP) in the flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite using an Al-BHA-NaOL collector system (ABN). Although ABN (2.5 × 10 -5 mol/L) exhibited moderate selectivity toward smithsonite under weakly alkaline conditions, calcite remained relatively floatable, resulting in limited separation efficiency. The addition of SP effectively depressed calcite flotation while only slightly influencing smithsonite, thereby significantly improving the separation performance. Under the optimal conditions of pH 8.0 and SP dosage of 21.65 × 10 -6 mol/L, artificial mixed mineral flotation tests produced a concentrate with a Zn grade of 36.39% and Zn recovery of 62.75%. To elucidate the selective depression mechanism, zeta potential measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle analysis were performed. The results demonstrated preferentially interacted with calcite rather than with smithsonite, resulting in greater changes in surface charge, surface morphology, and hydrophobicity. XPS analysis revealed a significant shift in the Ca 2p 3/2 peak on calcite after SP treatment, whereas the Zn 2p 3/2 peak of smithsonite exhibited only a negligible change, indicating a much stronger interaction between SP and calcite. SP significantly hindered ABN adsorption on calcite, while its influence on collector adsorption on smithsonite remained limited. These findings indicate that SP as an environmentally friendly selective depressant for calcite provides new insights into the selective regulation of carbonate mineral surfaces, offering a promising strategy for the flotation beneficiation of carbonate-associated zinc oxide ores. Download: Download high-res image (236KB) Download: Download full-size image
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DOI
高影响因子
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