Shan Jiang,Qian Zhang,Xizi Lin,Wenjun Liu,Songbai Qiu,Riyang Shu
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is an effective method for upgrading lignin-derived phenolic compounds into high-quality liquid fuels, and the support rational design of HDO catalysts is critical for boosting reaction efficiency. In this study, a series of Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C catalysts with different ratio of Al 2 O 3 and carbon components were proposed for the HDO of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C-0.25 catalyst is screened for a superior HDO efficacy compared to the other catalysts, in which guaiacol can be completely converted at 220 °C, with 99.9 % cyclohexane selectivity produced at 4 h. Various characterizations for the catalysts were carried out, including BET, XRD, TEM, XPS and NH 3 -TPD. According to the characterization results, Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C-0.25 catalyst presents little dense Al 2 O 3 fiber structure, which favors the Ni metal dispersion and possesses the smallest Ni metal particle size (10.9 nm). This leads to the outstanding catalytic hydrogenation activity. Moreover, the specific interaction between Al 2 O 3 and carbon in Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C-0.25 catalyst results in the moderate acid property, which promotes the deoxygenation process of the intermediate products, as evidenced by the effective cleavage of C-O bond and the enhanced selectivity of cyclohexane products. The adaptation of Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C-0.25 catalyst to lignin-oil upgrade was also investigated, with a rise of hydrocarbon content from 6.1% to 47.5%. These results indicate that the catalysts with this composite support had the potential to upgrade lignin-derived phenolic compounds to superior grade hydrocarbon liquid fuels.
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a crucial technique for upgrading biomass-derived compounds, playing a significant role in the advancement of sustainable energy technologies. Under harsh reaction conditions, conventional HDO catalysts often suffer from reduced efficiency due to particle aggregation. This study presents a highly efficient Ni/Al 2 O 3 -C catalyst that mitigates this issue by stabilizing Ni metal particles and enhancing metal-support interactions. Characterization of the catalyst was carried out using XRD, TEM, and CO-TPD, which revealed that the incorporation of Al species improved metal dispersion and reduced the size of the Ni particles. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound derived from lignin, was chosen to evaluate the HDO performance under mild conditions. The optimized Ni/3Al 2 O 3 -5C catalyst achieved a guaiacol conversion of 99.9 % with a cyclohexane selectivity of 99.8 % at 210 °C. The outstanding performance is attributed to the high hydrogenation capacity of the small Ni particles and the acid sites on the carbon surface. Metal-support interactions stabilize the Ni particles, preventing leaching and deactivation. The catalyst has also exhibited comparable effectiveness in the HDO of both lignin-derived compounds and lignin-oils, confirming its adaptability across various substrates. The study demonstrates that Al 2 O 3 -C plays a crucial role in enhancing both the structural stability and catalytic efficiency of HDO catalysts, offering a promising approach for upgrading biomass-derived compounds.
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