High-temperature supercapacitors with enhanced charge transportation and capacitances are promising to meet specific requirements for underhood automotive component, oil drilling , military and space applications. However, state-of-the-art supercapacitors are always operated at room temperature due to the thermal instability of the hydrous electrolytes and organic separators. Herein, we present the fabrication of a high-temperature supercapacitor tailored by a ceramic NiO/ZrO 2 separator. This supercapacitor has a working temperature up to 140 °C, a capacitance of 342 F g -1 at current density of 2 A g −1 and good cycling stability over 2000 cycles. The experimental realization of physical proof-of-concept high-temperature supercapacitors may provide new opportunities for markedly improving the capacity of energy storage systems .
Metal oxides derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can maintain the porosity and unique structure of MOFs, giving them significant development potential in the field of gas sensing. In this study, bimetallic Ni/Zr-MOFs solid microspheres were synthesized via the solvothermal method, and NiO/ZrO 2 composites with p-p heterostructure were further prepared through an annealing process. The morphology, structure, specific surface area, and pore size of NiO/ZrO 2 composites were analyzed using a series of characterization techniques. The gas sensing performance study showed that the NiO/ZrO 2 -2 sensor exhibited higher response (32.3–100 ppm), lower detection limit (7.2 ppb), shorter response/recovery time (55 s/83 s), and excellent repeatability to triethylamine gas at the operating temperature of 240 ℃. Additionally, within a specific range (1–200 ppm), a strong linear relationship was observed between the response value and the gas concentration for the NiO/ZrO 2 -2 sensor (R 2 =0.9588). This study is expected to provide a valuable reference for designing high-performance triethylamine sensors.
A comprehensive phase equilibria investigation was conducted in the Gd 2 O 3 - NiO - ZrO 2 system and its binary subsystems (Gd 2 O 3 - NiO and NiO - ZrO 2 ) at 1773 K and 1573 K via solid-phase reaction approach. The NiO - ZrO 2 binary system was initially studied between 1373 K and 1773 K, and the decreased martensitic transition temperatures (1236 K) were determined, confirming Ni 2+ stabilization of t'-ZrO 2 . Homogeneity ranges for Gd 3+ and Zr 4+ in NiO demonstrated minimal temperature dependence. No intermetallic compounds were observed in these subsystems, but a new ternary compound NiO·ZrO 2 ·3Gd 2 O 3 (τ) was identified in the ternary system. Isothermal phase equilibria of the ternary system revealed extended three-phase regions (T + Fl + Hl, Fl + C+ τ etc.) and solubility variations with temperature. Based on experimental data and literature assessments, phase diagrams for the subsystems and ternary isothermal sections were constructed with high reliability.
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