Photocapacitors have emerged as promising self-sufficient energy devices that combine solar cells and supercapacitors for simultaneous energy conversion and storage. Despite significant improvements in their performance during the past few years, fabricating photocapacitors with high open-circuit voltage and energy density remains challenging. Herein, with the aid of a carbon-supported graphene/PEDOT common electrode and an ionic liquid electrolyte, we have successfully developed a photocapacitor that can deliver an unprecedented open-circuit voltage of up to 1.8 V (4.7 V for an array of three photocapacitors in series) and an outstanding energy density of 0.18 W h m−2, together with a high overall efficiency of 7.0%. The device also shows good stability and performance under intermittent or low intensity light illumination.
A titanium (Ti) foil based perovskite solar cell (PSC) is devised and prepared by employing titanium dioxide nanowire (TNW) arrays and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) on Ti foil substrates as the electron transporting layer (ETL). The TNW array is desirable for the PSC, since it can provide direct pathways for the rapid collection and transmission of photo-generated electrons. The Ti foil substrate has many advantages such as flexibility, low sheet resistance, and excellent mechanical stability. The sunlight illuminates through the highly transparent poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film on the indium doped tin oxide/polyethylene naphthalate (ITO/PEN) substrate. The transparent PEDOT electrode can be used as the hole transporting layer (HTL) due to the well matched band positions for charge separation and transport. As a result, the Ti foil based light-weight PSC with TNW arrays yields an efficiency of 13.07% with an active area of 1.00 cm2, which is higher than that of the PSC with TNPs (9.93%). These promising results highlight the potential application of the PEDOT and Ti foil in cost-effective, large-area, and flexible PSCs.
With the miniaturization of integrated circuits driving increased demand for high-frequency alternating current (AC)-line filtering capacitors, portable electrochemical capacitors (ECs) must reconcile two persistent challenges: i) the inherent contradiction in synergistic enhancement between areal capacitance ( C A ) and volumetric capacitance ( C V ) at the condition of high frequency response, and ii) developing scalable fabrication methods. To address these issues, an electrostatic-induced Marangoni assembly process is introduced, which enables large-area, rapid deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films with a uniform, 3D fibrous porous network. By pre-treating the PEDOT:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) ink with a polar solvent and applying an electrostatic field, Marangoni flows align microdroplets into a continuously interconnected 3D architecture. This structure not only facilitates ultrafast ion transport but also provides abundant storage sites, yielding a sultaneous enhancement in C A (1.72 mF cm⁻ 2 ) and C V (13.2 F cm⁻ 3 ), as well as an exceptional phase angle of −82.9° at 120 Hz. These metrics surpass those of most reported carbon- and PEDOT-based filtering capacitors. Moreover, the method accommodates high-loading of pseudocapacitive materials, demonstrating its versatility for composite electrode engineering. Subsequent AC-line filtering tests confirm the practical applicability of these electrodes, offering a scalable route to miniaturized capacitors with synergistically optimized C A and C V .
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