JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2019
·Vol. 136
·期 24
·47653
·
IF 2.188
Jinsheng Zhou,Lin Ye,Yanming Lin,Ling Wang,Li Zhou,Huiyuan Hu,Qilong Zhang,Hui Yang,Zhongkuan Luo
To improve the antifouling property, polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was successfully grafted with [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (MEDSAH) via photoinduced electron transfer–reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization under a 10 W blue (450–460 nm) light-emitting diodes. It is surprising that the reaction could be performed in the presence of oxygen, which meant that the reaction has a great prospect of industrialization. The highest grafting percentage (GP) was 55.77% by adding triethylamine and changed the MEDSAH usage in the absence of oxygen. Thermal gravimetric analysis exhibited that grafted MEDSAH affects the thermal property of PVA hydrogel. Also, there was no influence on the ultraviolet–visible transmittance, and the PVA-g-pMEDSAH hydrogel became hydrophilicity after grafting. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity of both PVA and PVA-g-pMEDSAH hydrogel was noncytotoxic according to ISO 10993-2009. The antifouling property of PVA-g-pMEDSAH hydrogel was increased about 53.05%. Thus, the PVA-g-pMEDSAH hydrogel can be an ideal optical biomaterial candidate. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47653.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 10
·2377
·
IF 4.2
Zhilei Wang,Zipeng Zhang,Chenyu Wu,Zikuan Wang,Wenjian Liu
The photocatalyst (PC) zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) is highly efficient for photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. However, ZnTPP suffers from poor absorbance of orange light by the so-called Q-band of the absorption spectrum (maximum absorption wavelengthλmax= 600 nm, at which molar extinction coefficientεmax=1.0×104L/(mol·cm)), hindering photo-curing applications that entail long light penetration paths. Over the past decade, there has not been any competing candidate in terms of efficiency, despite a myriad of efforts in PC design. By theoretical evaluation, here we rationally introduce a peripheral benzo moiety on each of the pyrrole rings of ZnTPP, giving zinc tetraphenyl tetrabenzoporphyrin (ZnTPTBP). This modification not only enlarges the conjugation length of the system, but also alters thea1uoccupiedπmolecular orbital energy level and breaks the accidental degeneracy between thea1uanda2uorbitals, which is responsible for the low absorption intensity of the Q-band. As a consequence, not only is there a pronounced hyperchromic and bathochromic effect (λmax= 655 nm andεmax=5.2×104L/(mol·cm)) of the Q-band, but the hyperchromic effect is achieved without increasing the intensity of the less useful, low wavelength absorption peaks of the PC. Remarkably, this strong 655 nm absorption takes advantage of deep-red (650–700 nm) light, a major component of solar light exhibiting good atmosphere penetration, exploited by the natural PC chlorophyll a as well. Compared with ZnTPP, ZnTPTBP displayed a 49% increase in PET-RAFT polymerization rate with good control, marking a significant leap in the area of photo-controlled polymerization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 3.764
Minglei Li,Yaheng Zhang,Jie Zhang,Min Peng,Liuming Yan,Zhiyong Tang,Qing Wu
Gas–liquid–solid (G–L–S) three-phase slug flow provides an efficient pathway to utilize solid catalysts in continuous flow and was adopted in the mesoporous graphite carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4)-catalyzed photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in this work. Kinetic studies and chain extension experiments illustrated the realization of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) and the “easy to scale up” advantage of a continuous-flow reactor as compared to its batch counterpart. The light intensity played an important role on the PET-RAFT polymerization. An increasing amount of photocatalyst favored the monomer conversion within a limited range due to higher light blockage, and the monomer conversion reached a stable level at a lower catalyst concentration when higher light power was applied. When compared with fully continuous flow, the G–L–S slug flow was beneficial to the PET-RAFT polymerization due to the intensified swirling strength and narrower velocity field. Decreasing the gas-to-slurry ratio also led to narrower velocity distribution, which favored the polymerization as well. Moreover, the polymerization rates remained stable in multiple recycles, demonstrating that the present G–L–S slug flow was a reliable and easy processing approach for utilizing the solid catalyst.
研究领域:
化学工程
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高分子化学
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催化科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
Weijie Zhang,Yuxiang Zhang,Jingjing Xiao,Xiaowei Wang,Lei Liu,Jibin Han,Hui Wang,Anchao Feng
Lead halide perovskite has currently emerged as a research hotspot in the field of photocatalysis due to its exceptional photovoltaic characteristics. Despite its potential, the susceptibility to degradation under harsh conditions such as light, humidity, and polar solvents poses a significant challenge. To counteract this, a strategy employing silica to shield the perovskite surface is conducted, thereby enhancing its stability. The resulting composite MAPbBr 3 @SiO 2 is then deployed as a photocatalyst in the photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization of butyl acrylate within polar solvents. The catalytic performance across different RAFT polymerization systems including varying the RAFT reagents, catalyst concentrations, and solvent types is meticulously examined. Remarkably, with a photocatalyst loading of merely 0.004 wt% and under a blue light intensity of 6 mW/cm 2 , over 80% monomer conversion can be achieved in 4 h. Moreover, the molecular weight distribution ( Đ ) consistently remains within the narrow range of 1.0–1.2 across all experimental setups, which proves the controllable nature of the PET-RAFT process. Owning the advantages of low photocatalyst requirement, compatibility with polar solvents, and narrow molecular weight distribution, PET-RAFT polymerization mediated by MAPbBr 3 @SiO 2 holds promise for scalable manufacturing and industrial-scale applications. Graphical Silica-coated hybrid lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are prepared and applied as photocatalysts in a PET-RAFT polymerization within polar solvents. High monomer conversion rates and polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution can be achieved. The polymerization process is notably efficient and can be conducted with minimal photocatalyst amounts, underscoring the superior efficiency and broad applicability of our novel photocatalyst system.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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光催化领域
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DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·892
·
IF 3.164
Huazhen Tao,Lei Xia,Guang Chen,Tianyou Zeng,Xuan Nie,Ze Zhang,Yezi You
Photocatalyzed polymerization using organic molecules as catalysts has attracted broad interest because of its easy operation in ambient environments and low toxicity compared with metallic catalysts. In this work, we reported that 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DTBT) can act as an efficient photoredox catalyst for photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization under green light irradiation. Well-defined (co)polymers can be obtained using this technique without any additional additives like noble metals and electron donors or acceptors. The living characteristics of polymerization were verified by kinetic study and the narrow dispersity (Đ) of the produced polymer. Excellent chain-end fidelity was demonstrated through chain extension as well. In addition, this technique showed great potential for various RAFT agents and monomers including acrylates and acrylamides.Keywords:organic photoredox catalyst;green light;PET-RAFT polymerization
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
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2018
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IF 8.173
Jintao Cai,Tao Chen,Yuanhong Xu,Shuang Wei,Weiguo Huang,Rui Liu,Jingquan Liu
Molecularly imprinted technique (MIT) has proven to be a significant tool in the analyzing area in virtue of its obvious advantages such as specific recognition, favorable stability to high temperature and higher sensitivity. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology has also been receiving enormous attention as a powerful tool in sensing fields. However, sensors based on the combination of MIT and ECL technologies have seldom been reported yet. Herein, we find that Ru(bpy) 3 2+ cannot only work as an efficient catalyst for photo-induced electron transfer–reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization, but also as a sensing probe for ECL sensor. Based on this, we successfully construct ECL sensors via the combination of MIT and ECL techniques. In details, poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and cross-linked PMAA were synthesized first via a well-controlled PET-RAFT polymerization using Ru(bpy) 3 2+ as catalyst under illumination of visible light with a wavelength of 460 nm, as confirmed by 1 H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Then, negatively-charged Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with average sizes of 20 nm were prepared and modified with Ru(bpy) 3 2+ via electrostatic incorporation. MIPs were prepared on the surface of AuNPs using melamine (MEL) as the template via PET-RAFT controlled cross-linking polymerization. The MIPs modified AuNPs (AuNPs-MIPs) were then fixed on the surface of working electrode with Nafion to achieve a solid-state ECL sensing platform employing Ru(bpy) 3 2+ as the ECL probes. The as-prepared sensor showed a wide detection range of 5.0 × 10 –13 − 5.0 × 10 −6 mol/L and a low detection limit of 1.0 × 10 –13 mol/L (S/N ≥ 3) was reached in the detection of MEL. Moreover, further tests for analyzing MEL structural analogues proved that the constructed ECL sensing platform could be utilized to detect various substances via specific recognitions.
研究领域:
分析化学
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传感技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Gels
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·734
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IF 5.3
Lihan Rong,Jiajiang Xie,Shigao Zhou,Tianqi Guan,Xinyi Fan,Wenjie Zhi,Rui Zhou,Feng Li,Yuyan Liu,Tingting Tang,Xiang Chen,Liyuan Zhang
The scalable fabrication of hydrogels with high toughness and low hysteresis is critically hindered by oxygen inhibition, which typically produces brittle, highly crosslinked (HC) networks. This study presents an oxygen-tolerant photoinduced electron transfer–reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) strategy for synthesizing highly entangled (HE) polyacrylamide hydrogels under open-vessel conditions. By optimizing the water-to-monomer ratio (W = 3.9) and introducing lithium chloride (LiCl) for spatial confinement, we achieved a fundamental shift in mechanical performance. The optimized HE hydrogel exhibited a fracture energy of 1.39 MJ/m3and a fracture strain of ~900%, starkly contrasting the brittle failure of the HC control (W = 20, C = 10−2) at ~50% strain. This represents an order-of-magnitude improvement in deformability. Furthermore, the incorporation of 15 wt% LiCl amplified the HE hydrogel’s fracture energy to 2.17 MJ/m3while maintaining its low hysteresis. This method enables the rapid, scalable production of robust, transparent thin films that exhibit dual passive cooling via radiative emission (>89% emissivity) and evaporation, rapid self-healing, and reliable strain sensing at temperatures as low as −20 °C. The synergy of entanglement design and confinement engineering establishes a versatile platform for manufacturing multifunctional hydrogels that vastly outperform their crosslink-dominated predecessors.
研究领域:
高分子科学
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材料科学
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生物医学工程
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软物质物理
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功能材料
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环境能源材料
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.5
Qing Jiang,Yunye Huang,Zhen Lu,Yuanhao Lin,Xiafeng Liao,Danni Tang,Linxi Hou,Longqiang Xiao
Hierarchically porous materials are highly valued for their large surface areas and tunable pore architectures, making them promising heterogeneous catalysts for photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. However, the specific influence of pore structure on catalytic performance remains poorly understood. In this study, hierarchically porous conjugated organic polymers (COPs) were synthesized using a silica hard-template method and employed as photocatalysts for PET-RAFT polymerization. Under white LED light irradiation, the effects of template size and concentration on pore structure and photocatalytic performance were systematically investigated. Notably, a silica template with a concentration of 60 mg/mL and a particle size of 300 nm produced a COP with an average pore size of 6.91 nm, which exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The polymerization rate under these conditions was 2.5 times higher than that of the control. The synergy among micropores, mesopores, and macropores enhanced photocatalytic efficiency by increasing surface area, promoting mass transfer, and improving charge carrier mobility. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses further revealed that the optimized pore structure significantly enhances charge carrier dynamics by facilitating charge separation and migration. This structural modulation effectively reduces charge recombination, thereby improving the photocatalytic efficiency in PET-RAFT polymerization. These findings provide valuable insights into the rational design of porous photocatalysts for advanced PET-RAFT systems.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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光催化
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纳米技术
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 138
·期 47
·51395
·
IF 3.125
Jinsheng Zhou,Yugui Sun,Zixiang Huang,Zhongkuan Luo,Huiyuan Hu
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was modified with NIPAAm via a green, efficient, and industrially applicable photo induced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization catalyzed by organic dye. The hydrophilicity of PVA-g-pNIPAAm became temperature sensitive due to the introduction of pNIPAAm polymer brushes. It was surprising that PVA-g-pNIPAAm became superhydrophilic (WCA = 4.3°) at 25°C while the grafting yield was 39.3%. In addition, no cytotoxic for primary human eyelid fibroblast cells was observed according to ISO 10993.5:2009. Antifouling properties of PVA-g-pNIPAAm were significantly improved due to the increase of surface steric repulsion effect. Drug release property of PVA-g-pNIPAAm was more controllable than PVA hydrogel. Thus, organic dye catalyzed PET-RAFT polymerization could be applied to construct functional surface on biomaterials, and PVA-g-pNIPAAm hydrogel with lower cytotoxic, higher antifouling, and drug release properties had great potential in drug delivery.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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高分子化学
·
药剂学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2020
·
IF 8.758
Qi Wang,Lingjuan Hu,Zhe Cui,Peng Fu,Minying Liu,Xiaoguang Qiao,Xinchang Pang
Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are explored for the first time as an efficient photocatalyst for visible-light-regulated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The fluorescence quenching confirmed the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between SiQDs and RAFT reagents. Besides all features of controlled radical polymerization, the SiQDs catalyzed PET-RAFT polymerization also exhibit good temporal control, high chain-end fidelity, and versatility with diverse monomers. Moreover, amino-functionalized SiQDs can be easily coated on the surface of substrates (silicon wafer) owing to the electrostatic interaction, and play a dual role of polymer–substrate connector and photocatalyst for the surface-initiated PET-RAFT polymerization. The SiQD-coated wafer was also proved to be an efficient recycle photocatalyst for PET-RAFT polymerization.
研究领域:
材料科学
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聚合物化学
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纳米技术
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光化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2021
·
IF 4.539
Jinsheng Zhou,Yanming Lin,Ling Wang,Li Zhou,Bin Yu,Xianghui Zou,Zhongkuan Luo,Huiyuan Hu
A novel near-infrared (NIR) light induced photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition - fragmentation chain-transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization was developed and carboxybetaine methacrylate (CBMA) polymer brush was constructed on the PVA hydrogel via this one-spot method to enhance the antifouling properties. PVA-g-pCBMA hydrogel displayed higher hydrophilicity , while the thermal properties decreased due to the lower decomposition properties of pCBMA and the partly destruction of crystal structure inside the PVA hydrogel. The antifouling properties of PVA-g-pCBMA hydrogel was improved significantly because the surface hydration and steric repulsion effect of pCBMA polymer brush. Importantly, PVA-g-pCBMA hydrogel PVA-g-pCBMA hydrogel could be considered as no cytotoxic effect or reduction of proliferation to primary human eyelid fibroblast cells following the guidelines stated by ISO 10993-5:2009 (direct contact test). Considering the excellent penetration ability of NIR, AlPc catalyzed PET-RAFT polymerization provided a new modification approach for various biological or medical materials on industrial scale.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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生物医学工程
·
表面科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Gels
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·586
·
IF 5.3
Lihan Rong,Tianqi Guan,Xinyi Fan,Wenjie Zhi,Rui Zhou,Feng Li,Yuyan Liu
Fe3+-incorporated hydrogels are particularly valuable for wearable devices due to their tunable mechanical properties and ionic conductivity. However, conventional immersion-based fabrication fundamentally limits hydrogel performance because of heterogeneous ion distribution, ionic leaching, and scalability limitations. To overcome these challenges, we report a novel one-pot strategy where controlled amounts of Fe3+are directly added to polyacrylamide-sodium acrylate (PAM-SA) precursor solutions, ensuring homogeneous ion distribution. Combining this with Photoinduced Electron/Energy Transfer Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization enables efficient hydrogel fabrication under open-vessel conditions, improving its scalability. Fe3+concentration achieves unprecedented modulation of mechanical properties: Young’s modulus (10 to 150 kPa), toughness (0.26 to 2.3 MJ/m3), and strain at break (800% to 2500%). The hydrogels also exhibit excellent compressibility (90% strain recovery), energy dissipation (>90% dissipation efficiency at optimal Fe3+levels), and universal adhesion to diverse surfaces (plastic, metal, PTFE, and cardboard). Finally, these Fe3+-incorporated hydrogels demonstrated high effectiveness as strain sensors for monitoring finger/elbow movements, with gauge factors dependent on composition. This work provides a scalable, oxygen-tolerant route to tunable hydrogels for advanced wearable devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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可穿戴电子器件
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柔性机器人
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传感器
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）