Boron(B) exhibits tremendous potential as a solid fuel owing to its considerably higher energy density than those of conventional molecular explosives. However, its oxidation products exhibit low melting points and self-healing properties, which severely inhibit the associated energy release. To enhance boron energy release, 50-nm energetic B/ glycidyl azide polymer (GAP)/perfluoroalkoxy polymer (PFA) microspheres were prepared using GAP as a binder via an emulsion self-assembly method. Further, the combustion performances of 5-μm and 50-nm B/GAP/PFA fuels prepared via solvent evaporation were systematically investigated, and the combustion properties of the three boron-based fuels were compared. Results demonstrate that the prepared energetic microspheres can prevent the adverse effects of boron combustion that lead to the agglomeration of surrounding materials, thereby facilitating oxygen diffusion into the system. Furthermore, spherical boron particles exhibited sustained and stable combustion characteristics while achieving enhanced energy release.
Most near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorescent probes produce an “always-on” output with poor signal specificity for biomarkers. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a critical factor in chronic inflammation or in the acute response to infection and injury, and NE activatable NIR-II fluorescent probes can aid in the early clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this paper, we synthesized OPDG-PFA@PEI carbon dots (CDs) through a two-step reaction of solvothermal/surface covalent bond modification, which can “turn on” specific NIR-II fluorescence signals related to the level of NE produced by neutrophils and target sites of inflammation effectively, thus realizing the monitoring of in-situ NE in cells and in vivo . OPDG-PFA@PEI CDs fluorescent nanoprobe show high-performance real-time non-invasive NIR-II fluorescence imaging for early diagnostic evaluation of IBD in mouse models of DSS-induced IBD, providing a promising approach for the development of clinical non-invasive and more convenient early diagnosis of IBD.
Shide Li,Hongsheng Luo,Ronghua Qiu,Kaibin Huang,Ziying Chen,Xiangjun Fu
In order to improve the aqueous solubility and enhance stability of resveratrol (RES), an inclusion complex (RES-ECH-βCD) of RES with epichlorohydrin-modified β-cyclodextrin (ECH-βCD) was prepared using freeze-drying. The effects of RES-ECH-βCD on the solubility and stability of RES were investigated. Phase solubility studies indicated that ECH-βCD significantly enhanced the solubility of RES compared to β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Thermal stability tests showed that the inclusion complex exhibited superior thermal stability compared to free RES. Furthermore, the application of RES-ECH-βCD in sunscreen formulations was validated. The formulation exhibited sun protection properties, with RES-ECH-βCD working synergistically with α-glucosyl rutin (Rutin-G) to significantly enhance both SPF and PFA. These findings suggest that RES-ECH-βCD not only improves the solubility and stability of RES but also has promising potential for use in cosmetic and sunscreen products.
Heterografted molecular brushes (HMBs) bearing two or more types of side chains have attracted tremendous attention because of their asymmetric structures and multiple functionalities. However, the controlled synthesis of HMBs with three types of side chains remains a challenge. The structure–property–application correlations of HMBs with three types of side chains are still not clear. Herein, based on the multivalent monomer strategy, we report the synthesis of well-defined asymmetric HMBs comprising three different side chains by sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), thiol–epoxy coupling reaction, and ring-opening polymerization (ROP). PA-g-PAzo/PEG/PLA with a polyacrylate (PA) backbone, hydrophobic poly(azobenzene-methacrylate) (PAzo) brush, hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) brush, and hydrophobic polylactide (PLA) brush was synthesized and characterized. The self-assembly behavior of PA-g-PAzo/PEG/PLA with a short backbone and relatively strong intermolecular association in solutions was investigated. Well-defined platelets with tunable morphologies were constructed. Subsequently, PA-g-PFA/PEG/PLA with a fluorophilic poly(pentafluoropropyl acrylate) (PFA) brush, hydrophilic PEG brush, and lipophilic PLA brush was synthesized and further used as an efficient surfactant for the stabilization of different emulsions. Our study offers a platform for exploring the unique properties of asymmetric HMBs.
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