JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2025
·
IF 11.3
Pengtao Cai,Tong Chen,Mingxiu Zhan,Xiaojun Ma,Masaki Takaoka,Chen Sun,Xiaodong Li
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known for their strong C-F bonds, which make them highly persistent in the environment and resistant to degradation. Among PFAS, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), a short-chain PFSA widely used as a replacement for long-chain PFAS like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), has garnered attention due to its environmental persistence and toxicity. Although PFBS has lower bioaccumulation potential than its long-chain counterparts, it remains a significant pollutant with limited data available on its degradation mechanisms. To address this, the present study investigates PFBS degradation under subcritical water hydrothermal conditions. Various alkaline substances and additives were tested, and degradation products were analyzed by liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results show that 2 M NaOH at 325°C achieved an ∼99.4 % PFBS removal rate, and the degradation pathway began with the breakdown of the S-C bond, followed by C-F bond cleavage, resulting in the formation of smaller fluorinated compounds, including trifluoroacetic acid. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided detailed insights into the degradation mechanism, identifying hydroxide ion attack on the sulfonic acid group as the initial step and elucidating three distinct pathways for subsequent reactions. This study provides key insights into PFBS degradation mechanisms, emphasizing the synergistic effect of alkaline bases and additives. The findings support the optimization of subcritical hydrothermal treatment for PFAS removal, providing a scalable and environmentally sustainable solution.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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理论计算
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 3.2
Xueke Zhang,Tian Ma,Weijia Hu,Yao Yao,Guanjian Li,Peipei Guo,Cong Ma,Huifen Xiang,Pei Zhou
The establishment of the primordial follicle pool during embryogenesis determines the reproductive lifespan of female mammals, and disturbances during meiotic prophase I (MPI) can permanently compromise ovarian reserve. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), a short-chain replacement for legacy perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), is increasingly used in industrial and consumer products, yet its effects on fetal oocyte development remain insufficiently understood. In this study, pregnant ICR mice were orally exposed to PFBS (20 or 200 mg/kg) from 13.5 to 17.5 days post coitum, corresponding to the critical period of meiotic initiation. Maternal PFBS exposure delayed meiotic progression, reflected by the accumulation of pachytene-stage oocytes, without apparent disruption of synapsis. However, PFBS-exposed oocytes showed increased γ-H2A.X, DMC1, and RAD51 foci, indicating impaired DNA double-strand break repair and homologous recombination. Consequently, the number of diplotene-stage oocytes and postnatal primordial follicles was significantly reduced. These findings suggest that prenatal PFBS exposure interferes with homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair during fetal oocyte meiosis, resulting in a diminished ovarian reserve. This work provides mechanistic evidence supporting the potential reproductive toxicity of emerging short-chain PFAS.
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高影响因子
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2025
·Vol. 236
·期 12
·1-16
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IF 3
Liu Yucan,Wang Baoyan,Hu Jing,Sun Hongwei,Lv Xintao,Qu Zhiming,Yang Xiaoyong,Wang Gang,Zhang Yanxiang,Zhang Shujun
Per– and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), especially perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), are persistent organic pollutants with significant ecological risks. This study investigates the effect of PFBS on the properties of coastal sediment, including physicochemical characteristics microbial enzymatic activities, and community structure, in a tidal marsh on the Shandong Peninsula, China. 0, 0.1, 10, and 1000 µg/g PFBS were added to the sediments and incubated at 20 °C for six weeks. To evaluate changes in total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial metabolites, enzyme activities, and community diversity. The results showed that PFBS concentration has a strong effect on TOC accumulation, pore water TOC decreased to 0.69 times the control level at 0.1 µg/g PFBS ( p < 0.05) but increased sharply 2.95 times the control (37.74 ± 3.31 mg/L) at 1000 µg/g PFBS. Enzymatic stress response, with urease and phosphatase activities increased 2.91 times and 2.95 times, respectively, at the highest PFBS concentration (1000 µg/g, p < 0.05), suggesting microbial compensation mechanisms. Furthermore, PFBS significantly altered microbial community composition, reducing the relative abundance of Nitrososphaerota (a key nitrifying phylum) by 76% at 1000 µg/g PFBS. These results highlight the potential of PFBS to disrupt microbial dynamics and nutrient cycling in coastal sediments, and underscoring the importance of monitoring short‒chain perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the environments due to their potential long‒term ecological risks.
研究领域:
环境科学
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海洋生物学
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微生物学
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生态毒理学
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高影响因子
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 16
·期 8
·1-10
·
IF 4.357
Shen Zhichao,Zhan Lu,Xu Zhenming
Current study proposes a green regeneration method of activated carbon (AC) laden with Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) from the perspective of environmental safety and resource regeneration. The defluorination efficiencies of AC adsorbed perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) using three molten sodium salts and one molten alkali were compared. Results showed that defluorination efficiencies of molten NaOH for the three PFCs were higher than the other three molten sodium salts at lower temperature. At 700°C, the defluorination efficiencies of PFOS and PFBS using molten NaOH reached to 84.2% and 79.2%, respectively, while the defluorination efficiency of PFOA was 35.3%. In addition, the temperature of molten salt, the holding time and the ratio of salt to carbon were directly proportional to the defluorination efficiency. The low defluorination efficiency of PFOA was due to the low thermal stability of PFOA, which made it difficult to be captured by molten salt. The weight loss range of PFOA was 75°C–125°C, which was much lower than PFOS and PFBS (400°C–500°C). From the perspective of gas production, fluorine-containing gases produced from molten NaOH-treated AC were significantly reduced, which means that environmental risks were significantly reduced. After molten NaOH treatment, the regenerated AC had higher adsorption capacity than that of pre-treated AC.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Jiaxuan Wang,Zhengxuan Ji,Peiru Fan,Jiaqi Duan,Jiaqing Xiong,Zhe Liu,Yushi Hou,Na Wang
Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) is a kind of anthropogenic recalcitrant contaminant that has posed a threat to drinking water safety and brought widespread public health concerns. Nanofiltration (NF) is an effective way to remove PFBS from drinking water, while the removal is influenced by coexisting ions. To investigate the effects and intrinsic mechanisms of coexisting ions on the rejection of PFBS, poly(piperazineamide) NF membrane was utilized in this work. Results showed that most cations and anions in the feedwater could effectively improve PFBS rejection and simultaneously reduce NF membrane permeability. In most cases, the decrease in NF membrane permeability corresponded to an increase in the valence of cations or anions. When cations (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ) were present, the rejection of PFBS was effectively improved from 79% to more than 91.07%. Under these conditions, electrostatic exclusion was the dominant NF rejection mechanism. This was also the leading mechanism for 0.1 mmol/L Fe 3+ coexisted condition. As the concentration of Fe 3+ increased to 0.5–1 mmol/L, intensified hydrolyzation would accelerate the formation of the cake layers. The differences in the cake layer characteristics led to the different rejection trends of PFBS. For anions (SO 4 2− and PO 4 3− ), both sieving effects and electrostatic exclusion were enhanced. As anionic concentration raised, the NF rejection of PFBS increased to above 90.15%. By contrast, the effect of Cl − on PFBS rejection was also affected by coexisting cations in the solution. The dominant NF rejection mechanism was electrostatic exclusion. Accordingly, it is suggested that the usage of negatively charged NF membranes could facilitate the efficient separation of PFBS under ionic coexisting conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of drinking water.
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理工程
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PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2018
·
IF 4.358
Shuyan Zhao,Tao Zhou,Lingyan Zhu,Bohui Wang,Ze Li,Liping Yang,Lifen Liu
N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtFOSA) is an important perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) precursor (PreFOS) which is used in sulfluramid. The present work studied the uptake, translocation and metabolism of N-EtFOSA in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill) and pumpkin ( Cucurbita maxima L.) by hydroponic exposure. Except for parent N-EtFOSA, its metabolites of perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (FOSAA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) were detected in the roots and shoots of all the three plant species examined. This suggested that plant roots could take up N-EtFOSA from solutions efficiently, and translocate to shoots. A positive correlation was found between root concentration factors (RCFs) of N-EtFOSA and root lipid content. Much higher proportion of N-EtFOSA transformation products in plant tissues than in the solutions suggested that N-EtFOSA could be in vivo metabolized in plant roots and shoots to FOSAA, PFOSA and PFOS, and other additional shorter-chain perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs), including PFHxS and PFBS. The results suggested that plants had biotransformation pathways to N-EtFOSA that were different than those from microorganisms and animals. This study provides important information about the uptake and metabolism of PreFOSs in plants.
研究领域:
环境科学
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植物生理学
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毒理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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