Relaxor-based ternary Pb( In 1 / 2 Nb 1 / 2 )O 3 –Pb( Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PIN–PMN–PT) single crystals and ceramics are promising candidates for high-performance electromechanical conversion devices. It is known that the domain structure and dielectric diffusion–relaxation characteristics are crucial to the excellent performances of relaxor ferroelectrics. In this work, we prepared the PIN–PMN–PT ceramics with various PIN/PMN proportions and systematically investigated their domain structure and dielectric diffusion–relaxation properties. The effect of PIN/PMN proportion on the domain size and dielectric diffusion–relaxation characteristics was also studied. The investigations showed that PIN–PMN–PT ceramics presented multi-type domain patterns comprising irregular island domains and regular lamellar domains. Moreover, the dependent relations of PIN/PMN proportions on the dielectric diffusion and domain size indicated that the PIN composition has a stronger lattice distortion than PMN composition; increasing the PIN proportion can enhance the dielectric diffusion and decrease the domain size. Our results could deepen the understanding of structure–property relationships of multicomponent relaxor ferroelectrics and guide the design and exploration of new high-performance ferroelectric materials.
Xudong Qi,Yan Zhao,Enwei Sun,Juan Du,Kai Li,Ye Sun,Bin Yang,Rui Zhang,Wenwu Cao
The photoluminescence , dielectric relaxation, ferroelectric hysteresis, and field-induced strain properties of Pr 3+ -doped 0.24Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -0.42Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.34PbTiO 3 (PIN-PMN-PT:Pr 3+ ) multifunctional ceramics have been investigated. It was found that Pr 3+ doping enhanced the dielectric diffuseness and relaxation behavior of PIN-PMN-PT ceramics. Slim P - E loops and S - E curves appear in PIN-PMN-PT:Pr 3+ ceramics when the Pr 3+ doping concentration reaches 1.4 mol%. Local domain configurations associated with phase transitions were investigated by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Large electrostrictive coefficient Q 33 (˜0.03 m 4 /C 2 ) and high energy-storage efficiency η (92%) were obtained in 2 mol% Pr 3+ -doped PIN-PMN-PT ceramic in the ergodic relaxor (ER) phase at room temperature. The giant electrostrictive effect and excellent energy-storage performance are related to the field-induced dynamic behavior of polar nanoregions (PNRs). The results show that the PIN-PMN-PT:Pr 3+ system is an excellent multifunctional material for making electromechanical and energy storage devices.
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