Fishes
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2023
·Vol. 8
·期 3
·170
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IF 2.3
Lei Zhang,Peng Shi,Lin Zhang,Yajun Wang,Jilin Xu,Xiaojun Yan,Kai Liao
Ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY) are potent hormones mediating food intake according to the nutritional status in fish. However, limited information is available on these genes and their expression in response to nutrition in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). A comparison analysis revealed thatghrelinand GLP-1 were relatively conserved in marine fish. PYYa and PYYb shared a low identity and were clustered to different PYY branches.Ghrelin,pyya, andpyybmRNAs were highly expressed in the brain, whileglp-1was highly expressed in the gills and liver. TheghrelinmRNA expression was relatively high an hour post-feeding and decreased after 3 to 72 h of fasting. Theglp-1mRNA expression was increased after 6 to 24 h of fasting. ThepyyamRNA expression was increased after 72 h of fasting, while thepyybexpression remained stable during fasting. The diet with 14% lipid promoted the expressions ofglp-1,pyya, andpyyb, but inhibited theghrelinexpression. Theghrelinexpression in the intestine was increased after palmitic acid, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) incubation. OA decreased the expression ofglp-1and increased the expression ofpyya. The expression ofpyybwas downregulated by LA, DHA, and EPA. These results suggest the importance ofghrelin,glp-1, andpyyin coordinating food intake in response to fasting, dietary lipid concentration, and fatty acids in silver pomfret.Keywords:ghrelin;glp-1;pyy;fasting;lipid content;fatty acids;silver pomfretKey Contribution:This study provides insight into howghrelin,glp-1, andpyyrespond to fasting, dietary lipid concentration, and fatty acids in silver pomfret.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
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分子生物学
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营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Advanced Research
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Han-Yan Luo,Jing Fang,Wei-Hao Zhang,Kam-Chun Chan,Yui-Man Chan,Cai-Xia Dong,Song-Lin Li,Ai-Ping Lyu,Jun Xu
Introduction Ginseng demonstrates therapeutic potential in treating obesity, with both experimental and clinical studies suggesting its anti-obesity effects are mediated by gut microbiota. Nonetheless, the specific chemical components responsible for this effect remain largely unidentified. Objectives This study aims to investigate the anti-obesity effects and mechanisms of ginseng polysaccharides (GP) and ginsenosides (GS), the primary chemical components of ginseng, with a focus on their impact on gut microbiota. Methods The impact of GP and GS on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity was assessed using a mouse model. Molecular mechanisms were explored through a combination of chemical analysis, metagenomics, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and biochemical assays. Results GP or GS administration effectively prevented adiposity in HFD-fed mice, and both effects were mediated by gut microbiota. Chemical analysis revealed diverse glycosyl groups in GP and GS. Metagenomics data suggested that GP-enriched species, e.g., Bacteroides stercorirosoris and Clostridiales bacterium encoded carbohydrate-active enzymes GH35, GH43 and PL9_1, while GS-enriched Sulfurospirillum halorespirans encoded GH16_5. These enzymes facilitated the utilization of glycosyl groups in GP and GS, selectively stimulating bacterial growth and reshaping the gut microbiota. Furthermore, bacterial species enriched by GP or GS encoded specific functional genes involved in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis (K00625 and K00925 for GP; K18118, K00100, and K18122 for GS) and intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) (K01678, K00024, and K01596 for GP; K18118 and K00278 for GS). Consequently, the SCFA-GLP-1/PYY signaling and IGN were activated by both GP and GS to ameliorate obesity phenotypes. Conclusion GP and GS, containing diverse glycosyl groups, selectively stimulate specific gut bacteria, triggering mechanisms involved in SCFA-GLP-1/PYY signaling and IGN activation to reduce adiposity in HFD-fed mice. The study enhances understanding of the chemical components crucial for the gut microbiota-mediated anti-obesity effect of ginseng. The mechanistic understanding provides valuable insights for developing ginseng-based drugs or health products to combat obesity.
研究领域:
营养学
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药理学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
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肥胖研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·1-17
·
IF 12.6
Li Li,Wang Wang,Li Rong,Guo Jiayue,Hu Xulin,Pan Yu,Zhang Taoyuan,Chi Sensen,Gu Zili,Zhu Gaohui,Liu Qi,Tan Shuai
Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized for its profound influence on host metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying the distinct metabolic phenotype observed in germ-free (GF) mice are not fully understood. Here, the serum levels of metabolic hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) were shown with significant elevation in GF than the conventionally-raised (CONV-R) mice. Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed that Secretogranin II ( Scg2 ), with a known function in secretion control, was exclusively expressed in enteroendocrine cells (EECs). Scg2 transcript levels were significantly up-regulated in GF mice, positively correlated with enhanced GLP-1 and peptide PYY secretion. To examine the functional significance of Scg2 in hormone regulation, cross-linked nanoparticles capable of long-term adhesion to intestinal epithelium were designed, with AAV adsorbed within the cross-linked structure. This innovative design enhances its stability and retention in vivo, providing a robust platform for continuous and efficient gene delivery. We evidenced that over-expression of Scg2 via AAV-loaded nanocarriers in the colons of mice on high-fat diet or with the ob/ob genotype not only enhanced the secretion of GLP-1 and PYY but also mitigated weight gain in these mice by reducing their appetite. A multi-omics analysis reveals that Scg2 overexpression in the colon decreased hypothalamic inflammation and activated tryptophan metabolic pathways. Collectively, our findings suggest a potential therapeutic approach for treating metabolic disorders by enhancing Scg2 expression in colonic EECs. Graphical
研究领域:
分子生物学
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遗传学
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生物化学
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药理学
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纳米技术
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微生物学
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内分泌学
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代谢组学
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神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Sijia Zhu,Jiyu Yang,Pengkui Xia,Sha Li,Qi Wang,Kaikai Li,Bin Li,Jing Li
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a dietary fiber supplement that exhibits multiple biological activities, including weight control and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Currently, KGM intake patterns in practical applications include KGM sol, thermal irreversible gel, and frozen thermal irreversible gel. In this study, four intake patterns of KGM, namely KGM sol (KS), deacetylated KGM (DK), KGM gel (KG) and frozen KGM gel (FKG), were used as materials to explore the effects of KGM intake patterns on glucose and lipid metabolism and intestinal flora of obese mice induced by high fat diet under the same dose. Results showed that any type of KGM intake could reduce body weight, fat mass, lipid levels, and insulin resistance in obese mice, as well as partially alleviating liver damage and inflammation caused by obesity. However, KS has the most significant effect on controlling blood glucose and blood lipid in obese mice. Additionally, it was found that KS, DK, KG and FKG can increase the α-diversity of intestinal microflora in high-fat mice, and improve the microflora disorder in high-fat mice. Finally, KS may increase the levels of fasting appetite hormones GLP-1 and PYY in mice, up-regulate the expression of LDLR, GCK and G-6-pase mRNA, and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal flora of mice, thus regulating glucose and lipid metabolism . This study systematically investigated the effects of different intake forms of KGM on metabolism and intestinal flora in obese mice, which is of great significance for further understanding the role of KGM in the prevention and treatment of obesity metabolic diseases, and for developing targeted dietary interventions.
研究领域:
营养学
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代谢研究
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肥胖研究
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肠道微生物
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
·
2021
·
IF 5.293
Yinrui Guo,Hongya Guo,Lingyan Qiu,Yuanfei Fu,Xiangxiang Zhu,Haiting Zhang,Jian Wang,Diling Chen
It is known that the microbiome affects human physiology, emotion, disease, growth, and development. Most humans exhibit reduced appetites under high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) conditions, and HTHH environments favor fungal growth. Therefore, we hypothesized that the colonic mycobiota may affect the host’s appetite under HTHH conditions. Changes in humidity are also associated with autoimmune diseases. In the current study mice were fed in an HTHH environment (32°C ± 2°C, relative humidity 95%) maintained via an artificial climate box for 8 hours per day for 21 days. Food intake, the colonic fungal microbiome, the feces metabolome, and appetite regulators were monitored. Components of the interleukin 17 pathway were also examined. In the experimental groups food intake and body weight were reduced, and the colonic mycobiota and fecal metabolome were substantially altered compared to control groups maintained at 25°C ± 2°C and relative humidity 65%. The appetite-related proteins LEPT and POMC were upregulated in the hypothalamus ( p < 0.05), and NYP gene expression was downregulated ( p < 0.05). The expression levels of PYY and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine were altered in colonic tissues ( p < 0.05), and interleukin 17 expression was upregulated in the colon. There was a strong correlation between colonic fungus and sugar metabolism. In fimo some metabolites of cholesterol, tromethamine, and cadaverine were significantly increased. There was significant elevation of the characteristic fungi Solicoccozyma aeria , and associated appetite suppression and interleukin 17 receptor signaling activation in some susceptible hosts, and disturbance of gut bacteria and fungi. The results indicate that the gut mycobiota plays an important role in the hypothalamus endocrine system with respect to appetite regulation via the gut-brain axis, and also plays an indispensable role in the stability of the gut microbiome and immunity. The mechanisms involved in these associations require extensive further studies.
研究领域:
微生物学
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免疫学
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神经科学
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分子生物学
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生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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