Kang Zhichao,Wang Tianye,Han Xuerong,Wang Chenxu,Zhang Shaoqing,Yu Hongwen
Corn planting is often associated with serious atrazine pollution and excessive corn straw amounts, causing severe threats to environmental and ecological security, as well as to green agricultural development. In this context, a Paenarthrobacter sp. KN0901 strain was applied to simultaneously remove atrazine and straw at low temperatures. The results of whole genome sequencing indicated that KN0901 encoded over nine straw biodegradation-related enzymes. In addition, 100% and 27.3% of atrazine and straw were simultaneously degraded by KN0901 following an incubation period of seven days at 15ºC and 180 rpm in darkness. The KN0901 strain maintained high atrazine and straw biodegradation rates under temperature and pH ranges of 4-25ºC and 5-9, respectively. The simultaneous atrazine and corn straw additions improved the microbial growth and biodegradation rates by increasing the functional gene expression level, cell viability, inner membrane permeability, and extracellular polymeric substance contents of KN0901. The hydroponic experiment results demonstrated the capability of the KN0901 strain to mitigate the toxicity of atrazine to soybeans in four days under the presence of corn straw. The present study provides a new perspective on the development of bioremediation approaches and their application to restore atrazine-polluted cornfields with large straw quantities, particularly in cold areas.
Kang Zhichao,Wang Tianye,Nannan Li,Han Xuerong,Wang Chenxu,Yang Xiutao,Jing Yue,Yu Hongwen
The leaching of atrazine wastes from agricultural areas presents a considerable risk to the ecosystem. This work aims to create microorganism-material systems employing the atrazine-degrading strain Paenarthrobacter sp. KN0901 and C 3 N 5 -based materials to efficiently eliminate atrazine residues from aquatic environments at low temperatures. The synthesized C 3 N 5 and O-C 3 N 5 markedly improved the growth and atrazine degradation of KN0901. The degradation rate of atrazine in the KN0901-C 3 N 5 and KN0901-O-C 3 N 5 systems rose by 7.3 % and 15.1 %, respectively, in comparison to biodegradation systems. The elevated NADH/NAD+ and GSH/GSSG ratios indicated a greater availability of electrons to KN0901 when associated with C3N5-based materials, implying that these materials contributed electrons to KN0901. Nitazoxanide and methyl viologen inhibited the electron transfer route, leading to a significant decrease in the breakdown rate of KN0901-C 3 N 5 systems. Glucose and sodium citrate, functioning as electron donors, markedly accelerated the degradation rate of atrazine in the KN0901-C 3 N 5 systems. This work demonstrated that C 3 N 5 -based materials may donate electrons to KN0901, hence improving the efficiency of atrazine breakdown at low temperatures. This work successfully developed microorganism-material systems that effectively eliminate atrazine in aquatic settings, especially in cold climates.
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