Investigation on PbO–B2O3–SiO2–RxOy Glasses Applied in Noncontact Silver Paste for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Attempts to improve the application performance of noncontact silver (Ag) screen-printing paste for crystalline silicon solar cells, especially in terms of solderability, depend heavily on controlling the properties of the glass additive therein. Taking PbO–B 2 O 3 –SiO 2 – R x O y glasses as an example, this work demonstrates an improvement in the Ag paste due to the R x O y (e.g., ZnO, Bi 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , and MgO) component. The R x O y components were found to help improve the sintering compactness of the Ag paste. The inclusion of the different R x O y components resulted in obvious differences in the soldering state of the sintered Ag grid. Microscopic observations revealed that the soldering state was related to the covering of the solder on the Ag grid and the growth rate of the intermetallic compound Ag 3 Sn during soldering. Comparatively, the sintered Ag grid was soldered more firmly when the glass containing the Bi 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3 component was used in the Ag paste. This is due to the higher coverage of solder on these Ag grids and the appropriate growth rate of Ag 3 Sn. Considering these findings, the functions of the R x O y components are discussed comprehensively.
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