Scientific Reports
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2023
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-14
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IF 4.6
Jiang Linlin,Niu Hui,Chen Yuan,Li Xing,Zhao Yulian,Zhang Chunhong,Li Minhui
Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. has been proposed as a medicine and food homology, thus playing an important role in disease prevention and health promotion, with great potential for research and value in clinical application. We aimed to analyze stakeholders' production behavior and financial performance from a value chain (VC) perspective and provide a basis for improving the quality of P. grandiflorum and the interests of stakeholders. P. grandiflorum collected from different producing areas were chemically analyzed, and the quality of platycodin D was evaluated. Rstudio3.6.0 was used to analyze the correlation between total platycodins (as platycodin D, platycoside E, and platycodin D 3 ) and platycodin D in P. grandiflorum , providing the basis for quality control of P. grandiflorum . In addition, we studied the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of P. grandiflorum extract under different links. Based on the food chain energy pyramid, the transfer efficiency of active components of P. grandiflorum in different links was studied. Accordingly, 10 different types of VCs were determined in producing P. grandiflorum . Our results show that vertical coordination has led to a more consistent traceability system and strict regulation of supply chains.
研究领域:
药用植物学
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质量控制研究
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生物活性研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 8.5
Ya-Fang Shang,Hui Chen,Zhi-Jing Ni,Kiran Thakur,Jian-Guo Zhang,Mohammad Rizwan Khan,Zhao-Jun Wei
This study explored the use of ionic liquid-ultrasound (ILU)-assisted extraction to enhance the extraction rate of Platycodon grandiflorum saponins (PGSs), and the content, extraction mechanism, antioxidant activity , whitening, and antiaging activity of PGSs prepared using ILU, ultrasound-water, thermal reflux-ethanol, and cellulase hydrolysis were compared. The ILU method particularly disrupted the cell wall, improved PGS extraction efficiency, and yielded a high total saponin content of 1.45 ± 0.02 mg/g. Five monomeric saponins were identified, with platycodin D being the most abundant at 1.357 mg/g. PGSs displayed excellent in vitro antioxidant activity and exhibited inhibitory effects on tyrosinase , elastase , and hyaluronidase . The results suggest that PGSs may have broad antioxidant, skin-whitening, and antiaging potential to a large extent. Overall, this study provided valuable insights into the extraction, identification, and bioactivities of PGSs, which could serve as a reference for future development and application of these compounds in the functional foods industry.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药理学
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功能性食品研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Ya Zhao,Wanwan Xiao,Jianfeng Gan,Yayun Wu,Lijuan Liu,Yan Wang,Ruizhi Zhao
Alkaline-extracted Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharide (APGP) exhibits strong immunostimulatory activity, however, the specific structural features and properties that confer the greatest development potential, as well as the underlying mechanism, remain unclear. In this study, the APGP4 fraction exhibiting significant immunostimulatory activity in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells (RAW264.7 cells) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells) was identified. This activity was further confirmed through in vivo experiments in immunosuppressed mice. Subsequently, a new polysaccharide, APGP4–3, was isolated and exhibited considerable immunostimulatory activity. APGP4–3 (molecular weight: 11.7 kDa) comprises 1,4- α -D-Gal p A, 1,3,4- α -D-Rha p in the backbone, with T- α -L-Ara f , 1,3,5- α -L-Ara f , 1,3- α -D-Gal p , 1,3,4- α -D-Gal p and 1,4,6- α -D-Glc p bound to the 3 position of 1,3,4- α -D-Rha p , as well as a few T- α -D-Gal p A and Δ4,5-Gal p A. Mechanistic studies revealed that the APGP4–3 treatment enhances the proportion of CD11c + cells (M1-type macrophages) and reduces the proportion of CD206 + cells (M2-type macrophages). Furthermore, APGP4–3 significantly increases the end product (lactic acid) and key enzyme (pyruvate kinase) involved in glycolytic metabolism, while reducing the key enzyme (acetyl coenzyme A) associated with oxidative phosphorylation in macrophages. These findings suggest that APGP4–3 may induce M1 polarization of macrophages by promoting glycolysis and inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, thereby exerting an immune-promoting effect. This study advances our understanding of the structural features and potential mechanisms underlying the immunostimulatory activity of Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharide (PGP), and provides new insights into the development of novel immunopotentiators.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2022
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IF 8.025
Yi Li,Chunjing Guo,Qiang Chen,Yanguo Su,Huimin Guo,Ruoyang Liu,Changgang Sun,Shuqi Mi,Jinqiu Wang,Daquan Chen
Pneumonia can lead to high morbidity and mortality secondary to uncontrolled inflammation of the lung tissue. Blocking cytokine storm storms may be the key to saving the life of patients with severe pneumonia. According to the medicinal guide theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and the inherent affinity with macrophages for the site of inflammation, we constructed the drug delivery platform (MNPs) derived from macrophage-membrane encapsulated reaction oxygen species (ROS)-responsive Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides (PGP) nanoparticles (PNPs) to calm the cytokine storm and improve lung inflammation. By loading the anti-inflammatory agent Curcumin (Cur), we demonstrated that [email protected] significantly attenuated inflammation and cytokine storm syndrome in acute lung injury (ALI) mice by suppressing pro-inflammatory factor production and inflammatory cell infiltration. Interestingly, we observed that the PNPs also have potent pulmonary targeting ability compared to other polysaccharide carriers, which is in line with the medicinal guide theory of TCM. Our study revealed the rational design of drug delivery platforms to improve the treatment of lung injury, which inherits and develops the important theories of TCM through the perfect combination of guide theory and biomimetic nanotechnology and provides the experimental scientific basis for the clinical application of channel ushering drugs.
研究领域:
药理学
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纳米技术
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中医
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免疫学
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肺科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Applied Food Research
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2026
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·102107
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IF 5.4
Wang-Wei Zhang,Hui Chen,Jing-Ling Yang,Xiu-Xiu Zhang,Zhi-Jing Ni,Ya-Fang Shang,Zhao-Jun Wei,Kiran Thakur
This study aimed to develop a green nanoemulsion system stabilized by soy protein isolate (SPI) to encapsulate Platycodon grandiflorum saponins (PGS), significantly enhancing their stability and bioavailability. The PGS–SPI composite nanoemulsions exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, robust interfacial interactions, and enhanced environmental stability. At a PGS loading of 60 mg/mL, droplets had a uniform size of 295.3 nm and a high absolute zeta potential of 58.17 mV, with an encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 83.64%, indicating strong electrostatic stabilization and efficient encapsulation. The formulations remained stable across neutral to moderate alkaline pH, at NaCl concentrations up to 0.2 M, and up to 70 °C. Long-term storage at 37 °C for 28 days demonstrated sustained encapsulation retention (64.89%) and delayed lipid oxidation, suggesting excellent shelf-life performance. Spectroscopic and thermodynamic analyses revealed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between PGS and SPI establish a robust interfacial layer that mitigates droplet coalescence and oxidative degradation. These results demonstrate that an SPI-stabilized nanoemulsion is a promising delivery platform for PGS, offering a novel strategy for designing effective, stable, and bioavailable formulations for functional-food and nutraceutical applications.
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高影响因子
DRUG DELIVERY
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2022
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IF 6.819
Chunjing Guo,Yanguo Su,Hui Wang,Min Cao,Ningning Diao,Zhongxin Liu,Daquan Chen,Ming Kong
Liposomes have been widely used for targeted drug delivery, but the disadvantages caused by cholesterol limit the application of conventional liposomes in cancer treatment. The compatibility basis of couplet medicines and the compatibility principle of the traditional Chinese medicine principle of ‘monarch, minister, assistant and guide’ are the important theoretical basis of Chinese medicine in the treatment of tumor and the important method to solve the problem of high toxicity. In this study, the active ingredients of the couplet medicines Platycodon grandiflorum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were innovatively utilized, and glycyrrhizic acid (GA) was encapsulated in liposomes constructed by mixing saponin and lecithin, and cholesterol was replaced by platycodin and ginsenoside to construct saponin liposomes (RP-lipo) for the drug delivery system of Chinese medicine. Compared with conventional liposomes, PR-lipo@GA has no significant difference in morphological characteristics and drug release behavior, and also shows stronger targeting of lung cancer cells and anti-tumor ability in vitro, which may be related to the pharmacological properties of saponins themselves. Thus, PR-lipo@GA not only innovatively challenges the status of cholesterol as a liposome component, but also provides another innovative potential system with multiple functions for the clinical application of TCM couplet medicines.
研究领域:
药学
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肿瘤学
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中医药
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药物递送系统
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PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
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2022
·Vol. 13
·期 7
·3946-3956
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IF 6.317
Zhe Wang,Chunhai Li,Xi He,Kang Xu,Zhipeng Xue,Ting Wang,Zhenshang Xu,Xinli Liu
The effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) on colitis and its underlying mechanism were rarely studied. In this study, Lactobacillus rhamnosus 217-1 was used to ferment PG roots, and the concentrations of platycodin-D, flavonoids, and polyphenols and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate were significantly increased. Treatment with a PG root fermentation broth (PGRFB) could reduce dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Meanwhile, the PGRFB significantly reduced the content of inflammatory factors in mouse serum and the expression of inflammatory factor mRNA in the intestinal tract, regulated the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages, and increased the expression of tight junction protein mRNA in intestinal epithelial cells. In summary, it was proved that the PGRFB could inhibit the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and lowering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Medicinal Plant Biology
·
2026
·Vol. 5
·期 1
·
IF 4.4
Shenggui Jiang,Huan Gong,Huijun Wang,Feng Zhang,Wansheng Chen
A fructan, designated Platycodon grandiflorum main peak (PGMP), was isolated and purified from the rhizome of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), with an average molecular weight of 2,286 Da. Structural analysis revealed that PGMP is an inulin-type fructan composed primarily of fructose, with its backbone mainly consisting of 2,1-β-D-fructofuranose (Fruf). Oral administration of PGMP significantly ameliorated doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in a chronic heart failure (CHF) model. The experimental results showed that PGMP exhibited significant antioxidant and cardioprotective effects in a distinct nonmonotonic dose-dependent manner, with the medium-dose PGMP (PGMP-M) demonstrating optimal efficacy. PGMP-M markedly improved cardiac function, elevated left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and fractional shortening (FS); reduced serum levels of myocardial injury biomarkers; and alleviated myocardial inflammation as well as collagen deposition, outperforming the high-dose PGMP (PGMP-H). Combined-omics analysis revealed that PGMP-M reversed DOX-induced myocardial metabolic and transcriptional dysregulation by modulating key metabolites, including oleic acid, L-biopterin, and 3-oxopalmitic acid. In conclusion, PGMP can effectively protect against DOX-induced chronic heart failure by modulating key myocardial metabolic pathways, making it a promising functional food for cardioprotection.
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高影响因子
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