CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Douxin Xiao,Jingli Cheng,Wenlong Liang,Lianli Sun,Jinhao Zhao
The study of release mechanisms of pesticides with respect to environmental and biological factors facilitates improvement in pesticide use efficiencies and reduction in environmental risk. In this study, prochloraz (Pro), a highly effective fungicide, was loaded into starch-doped porous calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), which was subsequently coated with a metal–phenolic film to prepare a pH-responsive delivery system (PC@TA/Cu). Results demonstrated that CaCO 3 had a mean diameter of 1.55 µm and its loading capacity for Pro was ~15.2%. PC@TA/Cu microparticles show good adhesion to rapeseed oil leaves and resisted washout with simulated rainwater. The cumulative release rate of PC@TA/Cu particles at pH = 3 was 1.63 times higher than that in near-neutral pH environment for 48 h. This pH-responsive release characteristic could be associated with the oxalic acid secreted by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . The control effect against Sclerotinia disease with 100 μg/mL of Pro content of PC@TA/Cu was 56.8% after 7 d, while that of Pro EW (emulsion in water) was 45.8%. Finally, biosafety tests showed a 4-fold reduction in the acute toxicity of PC@TA/Cu to zebrafish, compared to the that of Pro technical. The carrier (CaCO 3 @TA/Cu) had no significant effect on the growth of rapeseed oil seedlings. The results showed that the prepared PC@TA/Cu has long-lasting disease control capability and significantly reduced toxicity to non-target organisms, making it valuable for potential applications.
研究领域:
农业科学
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环境科学
·
植物保护
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Talat M. Abdelrahman,Xueying Qin,Donglin Li,Ibrahim A. Senosy,Mohamed Mmby,Hu Wan,Jianhong Li,Shun He
Stimuli-responsive carriers as delivery systems of agrochemicals into plants can increase the utilization efficiency of pesticides against target pests and reduce hazards on nontarget living organisms and the environment. In the present work, prochloraz was loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and coated by pectin on the particle surface as a gatekeeper to study the translocation and distribution of prochloraz@MSN-pectin (Pro@MSN-Pec) in rice plants. The results showed that Pro@MSN-Pec was successfully fabricated and had an average size of 70.89 nm and a good loading efficiency (30% w/w). The MSNs were labeled using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to track the distribution of the carriers in the rice plants. Confocal scanning analysis showed that MSN-FITC could be transported to all rice parts from the treated leaves or roots. The release of prochloraz (Pro) from Pro@MSN-Pec was pectinase-dependent. Compared with the commercial emulsifiable concentrate (EC formulation) of Pro, the Pro@MSN-Pec formula had a better uptake and translocation in rice plants as well as a longer duration and better antifungal activity against rice blast disease ( Magnaporthe oryzae ). The final residue level of Pro in the rice plants was lower than the maximum residue limits. These results suggest that the use of stimuli-responsive carriers as pesticide-delivery systems in plants can be potentially implemented in applied agriculture.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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农业科学
·
纳米技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 24
·2022
·
IF 4.4
Qiongmei Mai,Yu Lu,Qianyu Cai,Jianglong Hu,Yunyou Lv,Yonglan Yang,Liqiang Wang,Yuezhao Zhou,Jie Liu
Sclerotinia sclerotiorumis one of the fungi that cause plant diseases. It damages plants by secreting large amounts of oxalic acid and cell wall-degrading enzymes. To meet this challenge, we designed a new pH/enzyme dual-responsive nanopesticide Pro@ZnO@Pectin (PZP). This nanopesticide uses zinc oxide (ZnO) as a carrier of prochloraz (Pro) and is encapsulated with pectin. When encountering oxalic acid released bySclerotinia sclerotiorum, the acidic environment promotes the decomposition of ZnO; at the same time, the pectinase produced bySclerotinia sclerotiorumcan also decompose the outer pectin layer of PZP, thereby promoting the effective release of the active ingredient. Experimental data showed that PZP was able to achieve an efficient release rate of 57.25% and 68.46% when pectinase was added or under acidic conditions, respectively. In addition, in vitro tests showed that the antifungal effect of PZP was comparable to that of the commercial Pro (Pro SC) on the market, and its efficacy was 1.40 times and 1.32 times that of the Pro original drug (Pro TC), respectively. Crucially, the application of PZP significantly alleviated the detrimental impacts of Pro on wheat development. Soil wetting experiments have proved that PZP primarily remained in the soil, thereby decreasing its likelihood of contaminating water sources and reducing potential risks to non-target organisms. Moreover, PZP improved the foliar wettability of Pro, lowering the contact angle to 75.06°. Residue analyses indicated that PZP did not elevate prochloraz residue levels in tomato fruits compared to conventional applications, indicating that the nanopesticide formulation does not lead to excessive pesticide buildup. In summary, the nanopesticide PZP shows great promise for effectively managingSclerotinia sclerotiorumwhile minimizing environmental impact.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 22
·7498
·
IF 4.6
Hui Wang,Jian Sun,Qingju Liu,Cheng Li,Yunxia Luan
Prochloraz and its metabolites in strawberries have not been determined until now. Meanwhile, few reports in the literature have concerned the dissipation behavior and risk assessment of prochloraz and its metabolites in strawberries under greenhouse conditions in Beijing. A method for the determination of prochloraz and its metabolites in strawberries was developed using QuEChERS in combination with ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Prochloraz and its metabolites recovered from strawberries were present in concentrations of 73.06% to 116.01%, their RSDs ranged from 1.12% to 9.17%, and their limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 1 μg kg−1. Then, a study was conducted on the dissipation of prochloraz in strawberries under greenhouse conditions. The dissipation of prochloraz in strawberries followed the first-order kinetic equation, and its half-life was 8.06 days. The health risk associated with prochloraz in strawberries was evaluated using the target hazard quotient (THQ) method and EFSA PRIMo model. The results showed that the THQ values, %ARfD values, and %ADI values were less than 1. These results indicate that no health concerns of prochloraz are associated with the consumption of the studied strawberries. The government can use the results of this study to support the establishment of a maximum residue level for prochloraz in strawberries.Keywords:dissipation;metabolites;prochloraz;risk assessment;strawberry
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Guang Yang,Fengrui Li,Haoru Zhang,Honglei Yan,Shuang Gao,Ying Fu,Fei Ye
Prochloraz is an extensively used imidazole fungicide in agriculture, but low water solubility limits its application. In the present study, inclusion complex nanofibers of prochloraz and Hydroxypropyl- γ -Cyclodextrin (prochloraz/HP γ CD-IC-NF) were prepared by electrospinning method. The results of various characterization experiments indicated that prochloraz was effectively encapsulated in the cyclodextrin cavity to form inclusion complex nanofibers. Phase solubility study demonstrated that HP γ CD had a significant solubilization effect on prochloraz. In 10 mM HP γ CD solution, the solubility of prochloraz was increased about 2.68 times. Thermogravimetric analysis experiments indicated the beginning thermos-decomposed temperature of prochloraz in prochloraz/HPγCD-IC-NF was raised by 31℃ (from 281℃ to 312℃). The molecular simulation visually showed the best state and the most stable model of prochloraz entering the cyclodextrin cavity. In addition, the fungal inhibitory activity of prochloraz/HP γ CD-IC-NF against Gibberella was 4.559 times to that of prochloraz. In conclusion, the preparation of inclusion nanofibers can improve the water solubility, thermal stability and antifungal activity of mimosine, which has the potential to reduce environmental damage in agricultural applications.
研究领域:
农业化学
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材料科学
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药学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Peng Xu,Dongmei Yu,Weishan Shi,Gang Xing,Ao Wang,Mi Tang,Jiawei Bao,Zhaogang Teng,Dejun Hao
Leaf-adhesive pesticide microcapsules represent a promising approach to improving pesticide efficacy while minimizing environmental pollution. In this study, we developed a leaf-adhesive polyurethane microcapsule loaded with prochloraz (Pro@CS-OP-10) using a reactive emulsifier (OP-10) via interfacial polymerization. Physicochemical analysis revealed microcapsules with smooth surfaces and uniform distribution, averaging 1.97 μm in size, with an encapsulation efficiency of 96.38 %. Comparative assessments demonstrated superior wetting and adhesion properties of Pro@CS-OP-10 on wheat leaves compared to other commercial formulations. Moreover, the polyurethane shell effectively enhanced the photostability of encapsulated prochloraz and hindered its rapid release. Fungal growth rate experiments indicated prolonged inhibitory effects of Pro@CS-OP-10 on Fusarium graminearum , with median inhibitory concentrations (EC 50 ) on the second and eighth day being 0.018 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L. Therefore, the leaf-adhesive Pro@CS-OP-10 shows great potential as an environmentally friendly fungicidal formulation.
研究领域:
农学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.5
Junwei Yao,Qian Wang,Chunxin Wang,Hong Qi,Qingshan Shi,Jingxia Liu,Jin Feng,Ping Yang,Manli Yu,Xiaobao Xie
Attributing to poor effectiveness and inadmissible toxicity, fungicide is a tendency to restricted in the field of agriculture. Therefore, it was a prospective scene to exploit the inventive antifungal active ingredient delivery system for improving biological activity and environmental safety. The excellent adhesive fungicide formulation was endowed with an effective tactic to promote wettability and bioavailability. The elemental intention of this study was to illuminate synergistic mechanisms of dopamine (DA) coated prochloraz (Pro)-polycaprolactone (PCL) nanospheres on prominent roles of improving antifungal activity and environmental safety. Apart from enhancing wettability and anti-photodegradation ability, Pro-PCL-DA nanospheres was also able to reduce the burst release rate and prolong release duration for the phenolic hydroxyl group in DA. The Pro-PCL-DA nanospheres was charged with the superior antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum . The predominant antifungal activity of Pro-PCL-DA nanospheres was predominantly ascribed to superior transmembrane transport capacity, inducing excessive reactive oxygen species and enhancing membrane permeability. The environmental safety assay indicated that Pro-PCL-DA nanospheres could effectively reduce the acute toxicity of Pro to adult zebrafish and Eisenia fetida . Overall, these findings indicated that DA coated Pro-PCL nanospheres was potential route to provide a bright platform for improving fungicide utilization with the long-term sustainable development of agriculture.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Toxics
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·435
·
IF 4.472
Jiajian Huang,Sukun Lin,Jingtong Zhou,Huiya Chen,Shiqi Tang,Jian Wu,Suqing Huang,Dongmei Cheng,Zhixiang Zhang
Background: As a systematic fungicide, prochloraz is often used to control banana freckle disease, and it is significant to assess the safety and risk of prochloraz. Methods: The dissipation kinetics and distribution of prochloraz in bananas were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The results showed that the fortified recoveries in bananas were 83.01–99.12%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.45–7.84%. The half-life of prochloraz in banana peel (3.93–5.60 d) was significantly lower than it was in whole banana (8.25–10.80 d) and banana pulp (10.35–12.84 d). The terminal residue of prochloraz in banana fruits was below the maximum residue level (MRL, China) at pre-harvest intervals (PHI) of 21 d. Moreover, the residue of prochloraz in banana peel was always 1.06–7.71 times greater than it was in banana pulp. The dietary risk assessment results indicated that the prochloraz residue in bananas at PHI of 21 d was safe for representative populations. (4) Conclusions: We found that a 26.7% prochloraz emulsion oil in water (EW) diluted 1000-fold and sprayed three times under field conditions was safe and reliable, providing a reference for the safe application of prochloraz in bananas.Keywords:banana;prochloraz;high-performance liquid chromatography;dissipation dynamics;distribution;dietary risk assessment
研究领域:
植物保护
·
食品安全
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.2
Longfei Bian,Ruisi Chen,Rong Zhao,Xiaoyuan Wang,Guiji Yin,Lutao Yang,Wenneng Wu,Yuru Chen,Saijie Song
BACKGROUND Kiwifruit soft rot is a devastating post-harvest disease that leads to significant economic losses in the kiwifruit industry. Although chemical pesticides can effectively inhibit pathogenic fungi, their conventional formulations still have disadvantages such as poor stability, low utilization rate, and high environmental risks. Therefore, developing environmentally friendly and multifunctional smart pesticide delivery system (PDS) is key to achieving sustainable plant disease control. RESULTS In this study, we developed a multifunctional PDS by using β -cyclodextrin ( β -CD)-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as a nanocarrier for prochloraz (Pro) delivery. The nanopesticide (Pro-MSN- β -CD) exhibited high loading efficiency (68.74%) and demonstrated pH- and α -amylase-responsive controlled release behavior. In addition, it also exhibited enhanced foliar adhesion and rain erosion resistance performance. In vitro antifungal assays showed 100% inhibition of Botryosphaeria dothidea at 1 μg mL −1 . Post-harvest trials on kiwifruit revealed superior protective (67.50%) and curative (58.59%) efficacy against soft rot. Biosafety assessments confirmed minimal phytotoxicity in mung bean germination tests. CONCLUSION The Pro-MSN- β -CD nanopesticide offered an efficient, biosafe, and environmentally friendly solution for controlling kiwifruit soft rot. Its stimuli responsive release and enhanced targeting performance provided a sustainable strategy for post-harvest disease management, contributing to the advancement of precision agriculture. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Applied Materials Today
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Mahesh P. Bhat,Vinayak Hegde,Cheol Soo Kim,Mahaveer Kurkuri,Kyeong-Hwan Lee
Traditional pesticide formulations often suffer from limitations such as poor foliar retention, uneven distribution, low plant uptake, and inefficient utilization, necessitating the need for advanced, sustainable alternatives. In this study, a hybrid carrier system, Pec@Pro@Ti-MOF@DE, was developed to enhance the efficiency of prochloraz (Pro) against gray mold ( Botrytis cinerea ). The system integrates titanium metal-organic frameworks (Ti-MOF) anchored onto diatomaceous earth (DE), with pectin (Pec) coating serving as a responsive release barrier. The incorporation of DE significantly improved the foliar adhesion of MOF particles, enabling pesticide presence at infection sites and promoting efficient penetration and systemic translocation. The high surface area of Ti-MOF@DE (731 m 2 /g) facilitated a substantial prochloraz loading capacity of 56.5 %. The pectin coating on the Pro@Ti-MOF@DE functioned as a biological gatekeeper, releasing prochloraz in response to enzymatic pectinase activity and pH changes associated with B. cinerea infection, achieving a 91.5 % cumulative release. Foliar adhesion studies confirmed strong carrier attachment, while fluorescence microscopy revealed bidirectional translocation within plant tissues. In vitro assays demonstrated superior antifungal activity, with an EC 50 of 0.017 µg/mL, significantly lower than that of free prochloraz (0.027 µg/mL). In vivo and post-harvest evaluations further validated the system’s performance, achieving fungal control efficacy of 97.3 % in tomato leaves and 95.6 % in fruits. Therefore, Pec@Pro@Ti-MOF@DE could be used as a biocompatible carrier for site-specific pesticide delivery without compromising plant safety, which would be a sustainable approach to improve prochloraz efficacy while reducing environmental risks in modern agriculture.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
农药制剂
·
纳米技术
·
真菌病理学
·
控释系统
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 5.545
Zheng Weiran,Su Ruobing,Lin Xingyu,Liu Jiyang
Convenient, and sensitive detection of pesticides and their metabolites in environmental or food samples is critical for assessing potential environmental and health risks. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical sensing platform is proposed based on the integration of nanochannel array on pre-activated 3D graphene (p-3DG) electrodes with no need of additional adhesive layers, which enables sensitive detection of prochloraz and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) in environmental and food samples. Through two-step electrochemical polarization, organic phase anodic oxidation, and aqueous phase cathodic reduction, p-3DG electrodes with high active area and excellent electrocatalytic performance were obtained. Vertically-ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) can be rapidly grown on the surface of p-3DG by an electrochemical-assisted self-assembly (EASA) method. Taking advantage of the high electrocatalytic activity of p-3DG and the ability of nanochannels to enrich TCP through hydrogen bonding, the VMSF/p-3DG sensor can sensitively detect TCP in the range of 10 nM to 0.1 μM and 0.1–15 μM with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 2.4 nM. Compared with p-3DG and VMSF-modified 2D electrodes, the fabricated sensor has a wide detection linear range and low LOD. The coexistence of model interferents such as protein, surfactant, and humic acid did not affect the electrochemical response of TCP, confirming the high anti-fouling ability of the VMSF/p-3DG sensor. In addition, prochloraz in vegetable and fruit samples was indirectly determined because TCP was the metabolite of prochloraz.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Yibing Yan,Fangxiang Song,Songye Li,Tingxian Li,Qian Li,Yan Li
Accurate pesticide application enhances efficiency, reduces usage and minimizes environmental risks. This study employed amino-functionalized degradable mesoporous organosilicon nanoparticles (DMON-N) as a carrier, with chitosan (CS) acting as a capping agent. Chemical cross-linking of CS with Cu 2+ through chelation promotes the formation of Cu 2+ -CS complexes. A pH/redox dual-responsive prochloraz (PRO) delivery system (Cu-CS@PRO-DMON, CCPD) was constructed and evaluated for its potential application in controlling rice sheath blight. The successful preparation of CCPD was confirmed through a series of physicochemical characterizations. The findings demonstrated that CCPD exhibited a high PRO loading capacity (29.09 %) and that PRO could be released from CCPD for an extended duration (up to 144 h) under the influence of acidity and glutathione promotion. Furthermore, CCPD demonstrated excellent wettability (measured contact angle: 63.52 ± 0.42°), adhesion (23.83 ± 2.59 mg/cm 2 ) and resistance to rainfall washout on rice leaves. CCPD demonstrated superior antimicrobial efficacy to prochloraz technical (PRO TC) material and prochloraz emulsion in water (PRO EW). The biosafety assessment revealed that CCPD exhibited minimal acute toxicity to zebrafish, no discernible toxicological effects on human bronchial epithelial cells and no notable impact on rice.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
纳米技术
·
植物病理学
·
环境科学
·
药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）