CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 3.871
Lei Xiao,Lujia Zhao,Xiang Ke,Tengyue Zhang,Gazi Hao,Yubing Hu,Guangpu Zhang,Hu Guo,Wei Jiang
Nanothermites have a promising study in micro propellant due to its faster reaction rate, higher energy-release efficiency, and significantly enhanced combustion performance. However, most thermites prepared by physical mixing are easy to separate during the propellant preparation process, significantly impeding the embodiment of the advantages of thermite. In this study, Al/CuO/PVDF microspheres incorporating high explosive RDX have been successfully assembled by electrospray technology. The thermal and combustion performance of the composite microspheres have significantly improved. They have shorter delay time, burning time, and higher pressure, pressurization rate than the physical mixtures, which are attributed to their uniform structure and the interaction of the components. And based on combustion tests, the combustion performance of microspheres is mainly affected by the content of RDX. These results indicate that the electrospray technology and adding RDX into microspheres are effective methods to prepare nanothermites with enhanced reactivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸领域
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 8.355
Tao Yan,Hui Ren,Jie Liu,Qingjie Jiao
To improve reaction rate of energetic materials, electrospray technology was applied to develop microspheres in which recrystallized cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) was integrated with nano-Al (nAl) particles and Viton through a two-solvent strategy. Results on morphology properties and chemical heterogeneity demonstrated that the electrosprayed microspheres were hollow spheres containing well-dispersed RDX . It was suggested that RDX nano-crystals adhere tightly on both sides of the nAl@Viton skeletons, thereby increasing the contact area among components. The thermal analysis of the microspheres indicated that nAl particles accelerated the energy release by decreasing the apparent activation energy for microsphere decomposition. Experimental results showed that electrosprayed nAl@RDX@Viton had shorter laser ignition delay and more vigorous combustion flame than the physical mixture, which benefitted from the characteristic structure and synergistic effects of the components.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2017
·
IF 0
Jian Yao,Jian Liu,Yong-xu Wang,Bin Li,Li-feng Xie
A composite explosive based on 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazinane (RDX) was prepared by electrostaticspray method with dioctyl sebacate (DOS) as desensitizer. After preparation, the particle size and crystal structure were characterized and chemical features, such as chemical bonds, functional groups, thermal decomposition parameters and mechanical sensitivity were investigated as well. In terms of the morphologies of the composites, the particle sizes were in the range of 1–3 μm. Compared with RDX, the crystal types, chemical bonds and functional groups of the RDX/DOS composites were unchanged. The activation energy of the composites was lower than that of raw RDX, and the 3wt % DOS composites had the lowest activation energy. The impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of the RDX/DOS composites were lower than those of raw RDX, and the 10wt% DOS composites had the highest H 50 (125.9 cm) and the lowest friction sensitivity (8%).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
爆炸物研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2017
·Vol. 130
·期 2
·835-842
·
IF 1.953
Yao Jian,Li Bin,Xie Lifeng,Peng Jinhua
Composite explosives based on 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) with different additives were prepared by electrospray method. The morphology and particle size, crystal structure and thermal decomposition properties were characterized by the scanning electron microscope, the laser particle size analyzer, the X-ray diffractometer and the differential scanning calorimeter, respectively. In terms of the morphologies of the composites, the particle sizes were in the range of 1–4 μm. The crystal types of the RDX/PVAc, RDX/PVB, RDX/F2604 and RDX/DOS composites were similar to those of raw RDX. The apparent activation energy (145.678 kJ mol −1 ) and the critical temperature (486.49 K) of the RDX/PVB composites were found to be the lowest among all involved composites. The compatibility of the RDX/F2604 and RDX/DOS composites was both in level A. The thermal stabilities of the composites decreased in the order RDX/F2604 > RDX/DOS > RDX/PVAc > RDX/PVB.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
爆炸物研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2025
·
IF 5.9
Ting Liu,Jian Wang,Jie Chen,Cui Nie,Yaofeng Mao,Jun Wang,Ruolei Zhong,Wei Cao,Fude Nie
Aluminum (Al) powder is widely applied in thermobaric explosives due to its high energy density and favorable reaction kinetics. However, the inert oxide layer (Al 2 O 3 ) on Al particles limits combustion reactivity and energy efficiency. Fluoride-based surface modification has been developed as an effective approach to address this issue. Here, four classical fluoropolymers (F11, F14, PVDF, PTFE) are employed as coatings to prepare core-shell Al/Fluoropolymer. The combustion experimental results demonstrate that the core-shell Al/PTFE exhibits the highest flame propagation rate (52.88 mm·ms -1 ) and pressure output (109.02 kPa) performance. Consequently, core-shell Al/PTFE is selected as a high-energy fuel to prepare RDX/Al/PTFE microspheres via the emulsion and solvent evaporation method, which can enhance the energy performance of RDX. The effects of the core-shell Al/PTFE ratio and RDX content on the combustion heat and pressure output are systematically investigated. The peak pressure reaches a maximum of 187.8 kPa when the mass ratio of RDX, Al, and PTFE is 60: 25: 10. Additionally, RDX/Al/PTFE microspheres exhibit significantly higher laser-induced air shock velocities, detonation heat, and detonation pressure than those of pure RDX and RDX/Al. The mechanism underlying the enhanced reactivity and energetic performance is attributed to the ability of PTFE to etch the inert Al 2 O 3 shell on the surface of Al particles, thereby improving post-combustion reactions and significantly increasing the overall energy output of RDX explosives. This work offers a novel design strategy for high-energy structural thermobaric explosives for the practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
爆炸化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energetic Materials
·
2018
·
IF 2.183
Teng Chen,Wanhui Li,Wei Jiang,GaZi Hao,Lei Xiao,Xiang Ke,Jie Liu,Han Gao
Novel 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine/3,3-bis (azidomethyl) oxetane-tetrahydrofuran copolymer (RDX/BAMO-THF) energetic nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a facile sol–gel freezing–drying method. The as-prepared RDX/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites were characterized by Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which revealed that RDX particles were incorporated into BAMO-THF gel matrix. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphology and the particle size of the as-obtained samples. The results showed that RDX particles were trapped in the BAMO-THF gel matrix and the particle sizes were in nanoscale. Differential thermal analyzer (DTA) was performed to determine the thermal decomposition behaviors of BAMO-THF, raw RDX and RDX/BAMO-THF nanocomposites. The results indicated that the thermal decomposition process of RDX/BAMO-THF nanocomposites was enhanced compared with that of BAMO-THF and RDX. The kinetic, thermodynamic and thermal stability parameters were calculated according to DTA analysis. The calculated results revealed that RDX/BAMO-THF nanocomposites presented high thermal reactivity. The results of impact sensitivities for RDX/BAMO-THF nanocomposites indicated the sensitivity was effectively reduced compared to raw RDX.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
爆炸物科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Ling Chen,Qiang Li,Xijin Wang,Jianwei Zhang,Guozhen Xu,Xiang Cao,Jie Liu,Fengqiang Nan,Weidong He
Recently, an emerging category of thermal plastic energetic binder: nitrate glycerol ether cellulose (NGEC) exhibits promising application in propellants with extraordinary mechanical performance, and can be considered for using in military system instead (or partial) of traditional nitrocellulose (NC). In this paper, the electrostatic spraying technology is performed to synthesis a novel kind of nanocomposites energetic materials (nEMs) (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) RDX@NGEC by adjusting the mass ratio of NGEC:RDX (0:5 ∼ 2.5:2.5). The results demonstrate that the NGEC patches with content of 30% were coated relatively uniformly on the surface of RDX crystal, and an ideal spherical structure, with dramatically reduced particle size (100 ∼ 800 nm) was obtained. Most importantly, the thermal decomposition properties are investigated systematically by traditional DSC (differential scanning calorimeter) analysis, DSC-TG-IR (DSC-thermogravimetric analysis-fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) combining technology, where the kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition reaction are also calculated by two traditional methods: the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. It reveals that the process of the decomposition is mainly controlled by RDX when content of NGEC is low (10%∼20%), and the decomposition peak of NGEC is gradually appearing with the increasing content of NGEC (30%∼50%). Furthermore, the impact and friction sensitivities are tested and have been reduced about 1 ∼ 3 times. The mechanism of the sensitivity reduction, coating process and decomposition are also discussed detailly. Hence, this preparation and properties strategy of novel energetic RDX@NGEC nanocomposites may provide foundational theory research and exhibits application potential in propellants and explosives.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
爆炸物与推进剂
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Jingxuan Zhang,Yeming Huang,Renhong Wang,Sirun zhang,Dunju Wang
Various countries have highly valued 3D printing technology due to its ability to achieve precise control and accurate formation of specialized and functional explosive structures, which changes the traditional manufacturing concept and improves the level of continuous, automated, integrated, and flexible manufacturing of explosives. However, the energy loss during 3D printing of energy-containing materials and the destruction of the inter-particle network during extrusion have become key issues restricting their development. As one of the key components of explosives 3D printing, the binder has a critical role in the molding speed, stability, and structural stability of explosives formulations. In this paper, the energy loss of the explosives’ printing process was effectively weakened by the addition of an energy-containing binder. The UV-assisted direct ink writing is used for 3D printing of PUA/PGN/RDX explosive formulations, which effectively avoids the problem of easy destruction of the particle network when the material is extruded. The experimental results show that the formulation has good rheological properties and high relative density. The printed samples are tightly linked and uniformly dispersed between particles under SEM observation, and the formulation has excellent exothermic properties, as demonstrated by DSC and combustion tests. The introduction of energy-containing binders can stimulate the development of extensive 3D printing of energy-containing materials and diverse printing methods.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
爆炸物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
·
2021
·Vol. 46
·期 5
·690-696
·
IF 1.887
Naimeng Song,Li Yang,Pingan Liu
This paper mainly introduces the Ph−Fe/RDX(HMX) composite microspheres prepared by ultrasonic spray drying. Their morphology was observed by SEM and found that the composite microspheres were spherical. Also, the composite microspheres exhibited good dispersion. The results of the granularity data show that the D 50 data of Ph−Fe/RDX and Ph−Fe/HMX were 580.78 nm and 496.52 nm, respectively. The DSC data showed that the catalytic effect of the composite microspheres was significantly better than that of the mixed powder. The DSC data showed that the decomposition peak temperature of the Ph−Fe/RDX(HMX) composite microsphere was 229.6 °C (279.6) lower than the 235.6 °C (284.3) of the mixed powder. The DSC data demonstrated that the catalytic performance of the composite microspheres was significantly better than that of the mixed powder. Therefore, the ultrasonic spray drying method has great potential for preparing energetic composite microspheres.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
爆炸物研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2021
·
IF 5.541
Haijian Li,Bin Liu,Yi Xu,Changjian Wang,Zhihua Sun,Heng Li,Ergang Yao,Jianhua Yi,Zhao Qin,Fengqi Zhao
Development of the high energy and low signature propellants with controllable heat releases is always desirable but challenging. Herein, four versatile energetic materials, multi-metal hexanitro complexes (K 3 [Co(NO 2 ) 6 ], K 2 Pb[ M (NO 2 ) 6 ] ( M = Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ )) as potential catalysts and flash suppressors of the propellants, have been prepared and characterized, and their effects on the non-isothermal and adiabatic decomposition behaviors and kinetics, pyrolysis pathway, heat release, laser ignition and flame propagation properties of RDX have been studied. The results showed that the structure, composition, powder color, and morphology of the hexanitro complexes were transformed due to the substation of transition metal cations, resulting in their different thermal behaviors. The study of the non-isothermal decomposition kinetics showed that the decomposition peak temperature and activation energy (E a ) of RDX was decreased by the addition of hexanitro complexes, and addition of K 2 Pb[Co(NO 2 ) 6 ] to RDX has the lowest activation energy, while the replacing of the transition metal cations Cu 2+ and Ni 2+ for Co 2+ cannot improve the catalytic activity. The influence of hexanitro complexes on the main pyrolysis pathway of RDX was studied by the TG-FTIR technique, and it is found that the decomposition products (NO and metal oxides) of hexanitro complexes resulted in the transformation of the pyrolysis mechanism of RDX. The adiabatic decomposition results showed that the RDX/K 2 Pb[Cu(NO 2 ) 6 ] had the largest self-heat rate and the lowest E a , whereas the RDX/K 2 Pb[Co(NO 2 ) 6 ] have the shortest time to maximum rate under adiabatic condition. The addition of K 2 Pb[Cu(NO 2 ) 6 ] to RDX resulted in the largest total heat release, the fastest release rate, and the lowest ignition delay time. The results from the non-isothermal and adiabatic decomposition, heat release and ignition presented that the diverse metal cations in the hexanitro complexes led to the different catalytic performances, which indicated the tunable catalytic activities of hexanitro complex systems to RDX pyrolysis. The hexanitro complexes facilitated the mass and heat transfer in the flame propagation process, owing to the formation of enormous gaseous products and microparticles. Therefore, the tunable characterization of energetic hexanitro complexes demonstrated that these complexes have a large potential application for controlling the heat release of the solid propellants.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2019
·Vol. 137
·期 5
·1615-1620
·
IF 2.471
Yang Hongtao,Liu Yunfei,Huang Haitao,Zhao Yu,Song Kuanguang,Wang Haiyang,Xie Wuxi,Cheng Yi,Fan Xuezhong
In this study, an advanced electrospray process was successfully used to fabricate aluminum nanopowders (Al)/iron oxide nanopowders (Fe 2 O 3 )/hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)/nitrocellulose (NC) composite materials containing different RDX contents. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis indicates that the decomposition temperature of the RDX in the composition prepared by electrospray has a decrease of about 20 °C compared with the raw RDX. Combustion performances in air show that the RDX decreases combustion performance of nanothermites, and the combustion intensity decreases as the RDX content increases. Furthermore, the combustion cell test indicates that the maximum pressure peak has been greatly improved for the Al/Fe 2 O 3 /RDX/NC composites. The amount of released gas can be adjusted by the RDX content in Al/Fe 2 O 3 /RDX/NC composite.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2022
·
IF 6.371
Yong Chen,Ming Zhang,Hui Li,Zhao Qin,Fengqi Zhao,Heng Li,Kangzhen Xu
In order to develop efficient combustion catalysts for solid propellants , three intermetallic compounds of Sn-Cu, Sn-Co and Sn-Ni were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and their effects on the thermal decomposition and ignition properties of 1,3,5-trinitroperhy-dro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50) were studied systemically. The results show that Sn-Cu, Sn-Co and Sn-Ni can all promote the thermal decomposition of RDX, which reduce the exothermic decomposition peak temperature of RDX by 3.2, 1.9 and 4.8 ℃, respectively. And the apparent activation energy of RDX was reduced by 82.1 kJ·mol −1 after adding the Sn-Ni intermetallic compound. In comparison with RDX, the exothermic peak temperature of TKX-50 was reduced more significantly, which was decreased by 11.9, 1.5 and 6.6 ℃ in the existence of Sn-Cu, Sn-Co and Sn-Ni, respectively. Additionally, Sn-containing intermetallic compound could reduce the ignition delay time of RDX under high power laser density, while the ignition delay time of TKX-50 could be decreased in the full power density range of the experiment. Besides, the flame combustion intensity and propagation rate of RDX and TKX-50 were significantly heightened by adding the three compounds. The comparison of pyrolysis and ignition performance before and after adding Sn-containing intermetallic compound into RDX and TKX-50 shows that Sn-containing intermetallic compound has great application prospects for improving the heat release and combustion characteristic of solid propellants.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与推进
·
化学动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）