JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 2.262
Jialiang Lin,Min Tang,Manjunath D. Meti,Yong Liu,Qingguo Han,Xu Xu,Yuan Zheng,Zhendan He,Zhangli Hu,Hong Xu
The interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with Ginsenoside Rd (GSRd) was studied using multiple spectroscopic methods, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), molecular docking and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The fluorescence experiments showed that GSRd quenched BSA intrinsic fluorescence via a static quenching process because of the formation of the GSRd-BSA complex. UV-visible and circular dichroism (CD) spectral studies indicated that the binding of GSRd to BSA resulted in the loosening and unfolding of BSA backbone, with the loss of partial α-helix structures. Also, thermodynamic parameters obtained from ITC experiment suggested that BSA-binding of GSRd was a spontaneous endothermic reaction driven by entropy, and that hydrophobic interactions were the main forces within the BSA-GSRd complex. Additionally, docking studies and DFT calculation further implied that hydrogen bonds also helped stabilize the GSRd-BSA system. These research results could help us better understand the pharmacokinetic behavior of GSRd, and provide useful conformational change information of BSA induced by the bound drugs, to the design of analogues drugs with more effective pharmacological properties.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
·
计算生物学
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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
·
2022
·
IF 6.073
Zhou Shuhui,Ji Yaoting,Yao Hantao,Guo Haiying,Zhang Zichen,Wang Zijun,Du Minquan
Periodontitis is a worldwide oral disease induced by the interaction of subgingival bacteria and host response and is characterized by local inflammation, bone resorption, and tooth loss. Ginsenoside Rd (Rd) is a biologically active component derived from Panax ginseng and has been demonstrated to exert antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory efficiency of Rd towards Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), periodontal inflammatory response, and osteoclastogenesis in vitro and to further validate the results in a mouse periodontitis model, thus, evaluate the potential effects of Rd on the control and prevention of periodontitis. According to the results, Rd exerted excellent antibacterial activities against planktonic P. gingivalis, along with attenuating P. gingivalis virulence and inhibiting its biofilms. Meanwhile, the inflammatory cytokine production and osteoclastogenesis were remarkably inhibited by Rd both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Rd efficiently ameliorated the subgingival P. gingivalis abundance and suppressed the alveolar bone resorption in vivo as well. In conclusion, Rd has the potential to be developed as a promising medication in the control and prevention of periodontitis.
研究领域:
口腔科学
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药理学
·
微生物学
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WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2011
·Vol. 28
·期 3
·857-863
·
IF 1.214
Ye Li,Zhang Chunyan,Li Jiyang,Shi Xunlong,Feng Meiqing
Calcium is a known signalling molecule in eukaryotic cells and plays a central role in the regulation of many cellular processes. In the following study, we report on the effect of external calcium treatments on the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rd by Paecilomyces bainier 229-7. We observed that the intracellular calcium content of P . bainier 229-7 mycelia was increased in response to exposure to high external Ca 2+ concentrations. Both ginsenoside Rd biotransformation and β-glucosidase activity were both found to be dependent on the external calcium concentration. At an optimal Ca 2+ concentration of 45 mM, maximal ginsenoside Rd bioconversion rate of 92.44% was observed and maximal β-glucosidase activity of 0.1778 U was reached in a 72-h biotransformation. The Ca 2+ channel blocker Verapamil blocked the trans-membrane influx of calcium and decreased ginsenoside Rd biotransformatiom. In addition, β-glucosidase activity and ginsenoside Rd content decreased by 36.0 and 29.2% respectively after a 72-h incubation in the presence of 0.05 mM Calmodulin (CaM) antagonist Perphenazine. These results suggest that both Ca 2+ channels and CaM are involved in ginsenoside Rd biotransformation via regulation of β-glucosidase activity. This is the first report regarding the effects of calcium signal transduction on biotransformation and enzyme activity in fungi.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
·
生物化学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Huan-Huan Yin,Yin-Lei Han,Xiao Yan,Yi-Xin Guan
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most serious neurodegenerative diseases with no effective treatment options available. The formation of insoluble amyloid fibrils of the hyperphosphorylated tau protein is intimately associated with AD, hence the tau protein has been a key target for AD drug development. In this work, hematoxylin was discovered as a dual functional compound, that is, acting in the inhibition of repeat domain of tau (tau-RD) protein fibrillogenesis and remodeling of pre-formed tau-RD fibrils in vitro . Meanwhile, hematoxylin was able to reduce the accumulation of tau-RD aggregates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Experimental and computational studies indicated that hematoxylin directly interacts with tau-RD protein through hydrophobic forces, hydrogen bonds, π -cation interactions, and π - π stackings. In addition, cellular viability assays showed that hematoxylin greatly reduced cytotoxicity induced by tau-RD aggregates. In summary, hematoxylin might be a promising candidate for further development as a potential therapeutic drug for AD patients.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
·
分子生物学
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Wenqing Zhang,Lu Yin,Qiuyu Han,Jinhui Xu,Yanyu Xiang,Ziyang Zhang,Liping Fan,Pingyuan Ge,Yufan Shang,Xinyuan Wang,Yue Zhang,Zhishu Tang,Mianhua Wu,Bo Li,Huaxu Zhu
This study presents a novel biocatalytic membrane (BM) system for the continuous production of high-purity ginsenoside Rd. Recognizing that enzymes concentrated on one side of BM caused by reverse filtration hinder substrate access and catalytic efficiency, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) were added during dopamine (DA) deposition. They effectively disrupted the clustering of enzyme molecules, enabling a more homogeneous enzyme distribution within BMs, as confirmed by microscopy, activity assays, and simulations. This controlled dispersion, facilitated by Protein-Polyelectrolyte Complexes (PPCs) formation, significantly improved substrate accessibility and catalytic performance. Exceptional catalytic performance was exhibited by the optimized PDA/PEI BM (using 1800 Da PEI), enabling highly efficient conversion of Rb1 to Rd. This high conversion efficiency, coupled with the inherent temperature-dependent solubility of Rd, enables a remarkably simple purification process. By exploiting Rd precipitation upon cooling, high-purity (93.1 %) Rd was achieved at a 55.6 % recovery from a 70 % purity Rb1 feed using a simple solid–liquid separation, eliminating the need for other separation techniques. This study provides new insights into the preparation of BMs and offers innovative strategies for the transformation and purification of ginsenosides.
研究领域:
生物技术
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药学
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化学工程
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生物化学
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Wenqi Xu,Cuicui Duan,Fumin Ma,Dan Li,Xiaolei Li
To convert ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, and Rc into Rd by a single enzyme, a putative β-glycosidase (Pxbgl) from the xylan-degrading bacterium Petroclostridium xylanilyticum was identified and used. The kcat/Km value of Pxbgl for Rb3 was 18.18 ± 0.07 mM–1/s, which was significantly higher than those of Pxbgl for other ginsenosides. Pxbgl converted almost all Rb3 to Rd with a productivity of 5884 μM/h, which was 346-fold higher than that of only β-xylosidase from Thermoascus aurantiacus. The productivity of Rd from the Panax ginseng root and Panax notoginseng leaf was 146 and 995 μM/h, respectively. Mutants N293 K and I447L from site-directed mutagenesis based on bioinformatics analysis showed an increase in specific activity of 29 and 7% toward Rb3, respectively. This is the first report of a β-glycosidase that can simultaneously remove four different glycosyls at the C–20 position of natural PPD-type ginsenosides and produce Rd as the sole product from P. notoginseng leaf extracts with the highest productivity.
研究领域:
生物化学
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生物技术
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药理学
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微生物学
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·1952-1959
·
IF 3.361
Yi Zhao,Fangfang Peng,Yangchuan Ke
The application of nanotechnology in the oil and gas industry has attracted widespread attention in recent years. This study aims to develop a nanoemulsion (NE) for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The NE stabilized by anion amphiphilic copolymer, nonionic surfactant (Brij30) and modified LAPONITE® RD was prepared by the phase inversion composition (PIC) method. The appearance of the emulsion is translucent and the average particle size is less than 60 nm. The micromorphology and interfacial tension (IFT) are examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a spinning drop IFT meter, respectively. The NE possesses good stability evaluated by conductivity and particle size tests. The absolute value of the zeta potential of NE increases when modified LAPONITE® RD is added. In a core flooding experiment with an artificial sandstone core, the NE flooding increased oil recovery by 23.53% compared to water flooding.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
纳米技术
·
材料科学
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Rifeng Wu,Shangwei Zhang,Shanquan Wang
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as typical halogenated persistent organic pollutants are widely distributed in natural environments, and can be enriched and magnified in organisms via food webs. It is consequently urgent and necessary to develop techniques to completely remove these persistent organohalides. In this study, we developed a process (Bio-RD-PAOP) by integrating microbial reductive dechlorination (Bio-RD) with subsequent persulfate activation and oxidation process (PAOP) for effective remediation of PCBs. Results showed the synergistic combination of advantages of Bio-RD and PAOP in dechlorination of higher-chlorinated PCBs and of PAOP in degradation/mineralization of lower-chlorinated PCBs, respectively. For the PAOP, both experimental evidences and theoretical calculations suggested that degradation rate and efficiency decreased with the increased PCB chlorine numbers. Relative to the Bio-RD and PAOP, Bio-RD-PAOP had significantly higher PCB removal efficiencies, of which values were PCB congener-specific. For example, removal efficiency of Bio-RD-PAOP in removing PCB88 is 2.50 and 1.86 times of that of Bio-RD and PAOP, respectively. In contrast, the efficiency is 1.66 and 3.35 times of Bio-RD and PAOP, respectively, for PCB180 removal. The PAOP-derived oxidizing species (mainly sulfate free radical) significantly decreased microbial abundance, particularly of the organohalide-respiring Dehalococcoides . Notably, co-existence of other microorganisms alleviated the inhibitive effect of oxidizing species on the Dehalococcoides , possibly due to formation of microbial flocs or biofilm. This study provided a promising strategy for extensive remediation of organohalide-contaminated sites, as well as new insight into impact of PAOP-derived oxidizing species on the organohalide-respiring community.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Chen Zinuo,Xie Wei,Ye Fenglin,Chen Qingsheng,He Jingyu,Cao Yufei,Lou Wen-Yong
Rare
ginsenoside Rh2 has attracted increasing interest for its
antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory activities.
Enzymatic biotransformation provides a green and selective route for
Rh2 production, but current systems suffer from inefficient cascade
conversion and limited enzyme stability. Here, two β-glucosidases
enabling the stepwise and selective conversion of 20(S)-ginsenoside
Rd to 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 were identified and assembled into a fusion
biocatalyst through linker engineering. Compared with the parental
two-enzyme cascade under equimolar enzyme loading, the optimized fusion
enzyme reduced the accumulation of the intermediate Rg3 and increased
20(S)–Rh2 production rate by 40%. A Zn–Ni metal–organic
framework was further introduced to enable simultaneous purification
and immobilization. The immobilized fusion enzyme showed enhanced
operational stability, retaining 82% of its initial activity after
seven successive substrate-feeding intervals. This study presents
a multiscale strategy integrating enzyme fusion and MOF immobilization
for the efficient, operationally stable, and sustainable production
of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Wenqing Zhang,Yutong Diao,Yao Li,Ziqi Wang,Jinhui Xu,Qiuyu Han,Yue Zhang,Zhishu Tang,Hongbo Liu,Youyou Wang,Huaxu Zhu,Bo Li
In the modernization of pharmaceutical manufacturing, the efficient valorization of complex natural extracts is frequently bottlenecked by the trade-off between conversion yield and substrate stability. While conventional biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) target purified substrates, processing crude micellar extracts remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report a BMR for the continuous, green production of high-value Ginsenoside Rd from crude Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). Addressing the specific challenge of catalyzing bulky micellar substrates, a rational interface design was employed. Guided by structural analysis of β-glucosidase (BGL), a “spacer arm” architecture utilizing polyethyleneimine (PEI) was constructed to overcome steric hindrance, with BGL site-specifically anchored via genipin (GNP). This design not only ensured active site accessibility but also restricted conformational unfolding, conferring exceptional robustness to the biocatalyst. Crucially, the transition to continuous flow operation resolved the “yield-purity” dilemma inherent to batch processing. By precisely decoupling the residence time from the operation time, the BMR effectively suppressed the non-selective degradation of the saponin matrix, a side-reaction that severely compromises product purity in conventional reactors. This process intensification enabled a seamless integration with solvent-free product recovery, delivering high-purity Rd (>82.9%) with a low Mass Intensity (MI) of 7.79. This work establishes a scalable and generic paradigm for the high-efficiency processing of chemically sensitive natural product.
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Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 3.9
Jeong Ji-Soo,Kim Jeong-Won,Kim Jin-Hwa,Kim Chang-Yeop,Chung Eun-Hye,Boo So-Young,Giorgi Mario,Ko Je-Won,Kim Tae-Won
Korean red ginseng (KRG, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains ginsenosides, which are metabolized into active metabolites with various pharmacological effects. This study assessed the in vivo exposure and accumulation of ginsenosides following single and repeated administration of KRG and its active ingredient, compound K, in experimental rodents. In Study 1, rats received KRG (2 g/kg) orally as a single dose or for 2, 4, and 8 wks. Repeated administration increased the maximum plasma concentrations (C max ) of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd compared to a single dose (Rb: 23.9 to 68.3 ng/mL; Rd: 8.5 to 30.8 ng/mL over 8 wks). Compound K was detected at 2.9 and 2.3 ng/mL of C max after 4 and 8 wks of continuous KRG administration, with no significant differences. In Study 2, oral administration of compound K (5 or 10 mg/kg) in rats resulted in accumulation factors of 4 and 7, respectively. Study 3 evaluated the oral bioavailability of compound K in mice (intravenous, 2 mg/kg; oral, 10 mg/kg), estimating it at approximately 12%. Additionally, network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation studies supported the clinical potential of compound K against inflammation-related diseases. These findings suggest that for substances like KRG, which undergo in vivo metabolic conversion after administration, repeated KRG administration alters pharmacokinetic profiles and should be taken into consideration in its application.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
·
2026
·
IF 2.5
Yingxiao Han,Songwei Ma,Rui Ma,Jingjing Li,Lei Qiu,Jia wen Ma,Yanyan Ma,Mengyin Tang,Zhijuan Cao,Ziqi Li,Shulin zhang,Guorong Ma
Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate proteins (MTB-CFPs) are critical for tuberculosis diagnosis and vaccine development. To explore their diagnostic potential, MTB was statically cultured in Sauton's medium for 15 days; MTB-CFPs were collected, fractionated using six biomimetic affinity chromatography (BiAC) resins, and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Four MTB-specific regions of difference (RDs) and the PstS1 protein were recombinantly expressed and purified, with their serological efficacy assessed by ELISA using sera from 157 pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB) patients and 71 healthy controls (HCs). LC-MS/MS identified 622 MTB proteins, 307 of which were validated with ≥2 peptides and P < 0.05. BiAC fractionation significantly increased the average peptide number (2.09-fold), peptide coverage (1.43-fold), and the exponentially modified Protein Abundance Index (emPAI) (1.70-fold) in 281 common identifications. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed rEC (a fusion expression product of the Rv3875 and Rv3874 genes in the RD1 region, linked by a 15-nucleotide connector) as the optimal diagnostic marker Area Under the Curve (AUC = 0.8030), with sharply distinct IgG levels between pTB patients and HCs ( P < 0.0001). Notably, rEC combined with GmdA (encoded by the Rv1511 gene located in RD11) enhanced sensitivity while preserving high specificity, especially for Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) negative pTB cases demonstrating substantial clinical translation potential. Additionally, extended culture promoted MTB autolysis and cytoplasmic protein release, providing valuable insights into TB pathogenesis and biomarker discovery. This integrated approach of BiAC fractionation, proteomics, and serological validation advances TB precision diagnostics.
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