Construction of Ru/NiMoOx@NC with multi-interfacial core-shell structures for urea-assisted hydrogen production
Urea-assisted hydrogen production is an emerging hydrogen production technology that offers a new approach to the efficient and clean production of hydrogen energy. The low energy consumption urea oxidation reaction replaces the high energy consumption oxygen evolution reaction (OER), significantly reducing the energy consumption of hydrogen production and achieving the resource utilization of pollutants in wastewater (including urea). It is expected to become an important pathway for green hydrogen production with both economic and environmental benefits. The novel composite catalyst Ru/NiMoOx@NC, prepared by supporting ruthenium on a nitrogen-doped carbon-coated nickel-molybdenum oxide support, exhibits highly efficient bifunctional catalytic activity, enabling it to efficiently catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and promote the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Specifically, the introduction of trace ruthenium synergizes with the nickel-molybdenum bimetallic oxide to accelerate H 2 generation. The nitrogen-doped carbon substrate enhances the catalyst's electrical conductivity. Additionally, the incorporation of Mo reduces CO poisoning of Ni active sites during the UOR, further to enhance the catalyst's stability. By varying the loading of Ru, materials with optimal and superior properties are obtained. The Ru/NiMoO x @NC catalysts demonstrate excellent UOR (1.37 V vs. RHE@25 mA cm −2 ; 1.39 V vs. RHE@100 mA cm −2 ) and HER (−98 mV@25 mA cm −2 ) performance under alkaline conditions. The current density of the Ru/NiMoOx@NC electrode remains almost unchanged after cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests and chronoamperometric durability tests, exhibiting excellent catalytic stability. In this system, Ru/NiMoOx@NC serves as both the anode and cathode of the urea-assisted hydrogen production battery, which only requires a voltage of 1.56 V to achieve an output current density of 50 mA cm −2 and demonstrates excellent overall water electrolysis stability. This work provides new insights for the design of bifunctional catalysts for urea-assisted hydrogen production.
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