In this paper, the Ru/RuS 2 nanoparticles as dual co-catalysts were self-assembled on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 nanotubes (Ru/RuS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 NTs) for photocatalytic H 2 production. The Ru/RuS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 NTs showed greatly enhanced photocatalytic H 2 production activity (1409 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 ), 1.16 times of RuS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 NTs (1212 μmol·h −1 ·g −1 ), 10.51 times of Ru/g-C 3 N 4 NTs (134 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 ), and 82.88 times of the pure g-C 3 N 4 NTs (17 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 ). Besides, the apparent quantum yield value (AQE) of Ru/RuS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 NTs is 3.92% at 370 nm. Ru/RuS 2 as dual co-catalysts are self-assembled on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 NTs and show strong electronic synergistic interaction between the interfaces, reduce Δ G H* of RuS 2 and desorption energy of Ru, and promote the selectivity and activity of HER kinetically and thermodynamically respectively, which exhibits higher photogenerated carrier concentration and lower charge migration resistance than RuS 2 and Ru, showing the synergistic effect to facilitate the generation and migration of carriers and provides active sites for photocatalysis .
Zi-Yu Fu,Hou-Ming Xu,Wan-Hong Li,Guan-Ping Jin,Shi-Kui Han
Ruthenium (Ru)-based materials, as a class of efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts, play an important role in hydrogen generation by electrolysis of water in an alkaline solution for clean hydrogen energy. Hybrid nanostructure (HN) materials, which include two or more components with distinct functionality, show better performance than their individual materials, since HN materials can potentially integrate their advantages and overcome the weaknesses. However, it remains a challenge to construct Ru-based HN materials with desired crystal phases for enhanced HER performances. Herein, a series of new Ru-based HN materials (t-Ru-RuS2, S-Ru-RuS2, and T-Ru-RuS2) through phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) and chemical transformation are designed to achieve highly efficient HER properties. Owing to the plentiful formation of heterojunctions and amorphous/crystalline interfaces, the t-Ru-RuS2 HN delivers the most outstanding overpotential of 16 mV and owns a small Tafel slope of 29 mV dec–1 at a current density of 10 mA cm–2, which exceeds commercial Pt/C catalysts (34 mV, 38 mV dec–1). This work shows a new insight for HN and provides alternative opportunities in designing advanced electrocatalysts with low cost for HER in the hydrogen economy.
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